Jurnal FKIP Universitas Mataram (Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan)
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Optimization of Volume and Mass of Eggshell in Removal of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Levels in Laundry Waste
Full text linkLinear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is one of the most common anionic surfactants in synthetic detergent formulation. Being a component of domestic waste, LAS can potentially cause environmental damage. Detergent wastewater that contains LAS needs to be properly treated before being released into the environment. This study aims to treat the laundry waste by using thermally activated chicken eggshell adsorbent. The steps carried out in this study were the preparation of adsorbents, quality test of adsorbents produced, testing of adsorbent on used laundry waste based on reducing concentration of LAS and testing of the Langmuir adsorption equation and the Freundlich adsorption equation. Adsorption process of LAS observed variations in adsorbent mass are 4g, 8g, 12 g, and 16 g, and variations in the sample volume used in this experiment are 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml, and 200 ml. Stirring time is 60 minutes. The filtrate was analyzed to determine the concentration of LAS. The obtained results indicate that the optimum mass of adsorbent is 12 grams with a sample volume of 50 ml. This adsorption condition resulted in Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate levels of 3,376 ppm, which can reduce LAS levels by 69.86%, with an adsorption capacity of 0.2997 mg/g. Based on the result of this study, LAS adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm equation, with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than that of the Freundlich isotherm, which is 0.9977. This equation indicates that the adsorption process that occurs is chemisorption. The use of thermally activated chicken eggshell as an adsorbent can be an alternative, environmentally friendly waste processing technique
Herbal Therapy Potential of Balinese Local Plants for Degenerative Diseases: A Review
Full text linkIndonesia has a rich biodiversity, including numerous medicinal plants. However, their utilisation remains limited, particularly in treating degenerative diseases. This study explores the potential of local Balinese plants as herbal therapy for diabetes mellitus and hypertension through a systematic literature review. Data were collected from scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, covering publications from 2018 to 2025. Out of 117 identified articles with exclusion and the same article, 13 relevant studies were selected as primary references. The analysis indicates that plant extracts from Murraya paniculata, Vitis vinifera Var. Alphonso Lavallee, Syzygium polycephalum, Antidesma bunius, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber zerumbet, Elaeocarpus grandiflora, Artocarpus altilis, Impatiens balsamina, Tagetes erecta, Vitex trifolia, and Punica granatum show potential in managing degenerative diseases. Their bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins, act by inhibiting key enzymes, enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that Balinese local plants have promising potential as natural therapies for degenerative diseases, warranting further clinical validation
The Effect of Socio-Scientific Issues Approach on Student Learning Outcomes in Physics Learning: A Review
Full text linkThe Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) approach integrates social issues with scientific concepts to enhance the relevance of learning, including in the context of physics education. This study aims to systematically analyze the literature concerning the influence of the SSI approach on students’ learning outcomes in physics. The method employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework, which includes the stages of Identification, Screening, Eligibility, and Inclusion of articles published between 2020 and 2024 from the Google Scholar database. The data extracted from the selected articles were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach through manual coding, categorized into the domains of learning outcomes: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. The analysis of 20 studies indicates that the implementation of SSI significantly improves students’ learning outcomes. Students exhibited deeper conceptual understanding, enhanced critical thinking skills, improved problem-solving abilities, increased scientific literacy, and more positive attitudes toward science. This study recommends the integration of the SSI approach into the physics curriculum to foster more contextualized and meaningful learning experiences
Toxicity of the Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) on the Development of Tilapia Fish Prolarvae (Oreochromis niloticus L.)
Full text linkThe heavy metal lead (Pb) entering the water has a negative impact on aquatic animals, one of which is tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). The accumulation of lead (Pb) can disrupt the spawning process, cause morphological anomalies, and increase the mortality of tilapia sperm. This study was conducted to determine the toxicity of Lead (Pb) metal on the development of prolarvae of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). This research is a type of experimental research that is structured based on a Randomized Block Design (RBD) pattern, totalling 6 tilapia fish consisting of 3 male tilapia and 3 female tilapias. Tilapia eggs are obtained by injecting male and female broodstock using the hormone Ovaprim twice to stimulate gonadal maturity, after which fertilization is carried out, namely the merger between fish sperm cells and eggs in the container. After the eggs and sperm cells are fertilized, all eggs are divided into 5 treatments, and each treatment is filled with 20 eggs. The treatments consisted of control and 4 concentrations of Lead (Pb), namely 0.15 mg/L (P1), 0.30 mg/L (P2), 0.45 mg/L (P3), 0.50 mg/L (P4). Exposure to Lead (Pb) was given for 3 days, and observations were made after the eggs entered the prolarva stage to determine the degree of abnormality and various forms of abnormality. The observation parameter was the formation of abnormal types at the prolarvae stage. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with a 95% confidence level and an LSD further test. The research results showed that the percentage of abnormalities in treatment P1 was 26.67%, P2 was 45%, P3 was 73.33%, and P4 was 83.33%. The abnormalities found were lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis, yolk deformation accompanied by lordosis of the tail tip, and enlarged anterior yolk sac. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that exposure to Lead (Pb) is toxic to tilapia larvae. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide input for the government and society regarding the importance of maintaining water quality from pollutio
The Viability of Indigenous Rhizosphere Fungi of Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata) as a Biofungicide for Controlling Anthracnose in Red Chili (Capsicum annuum L.)
Full text linkAnthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. has reduced red chili production in Indonesia, thus requiring control measures that can suppress anthracnose in a more environmentally friendly manner. This research aims to explore the potential of rhizosphere fungi from kirinyuh as a biological agent in controlling anthracnose disease in red chili peppers. (Capsicum annuum L.). Isolates found in the rhizosphere of kirinyuh were identified and then tested for hypersensitivity, in vitro, and in vivo. Eleven rhizosphere fungal isolates from kirinyuh were suspected to belong to the genera Penicillium, Blastomyces, Sepedonium, Aspergillus, Tricladium, and Rhizoctonia, and did not show pathogenicity traits on plants based on hypersensitivity tests. The results of in vitro tests show that the isolate with code CRKF can suppress the growth of Colletotrichum by up to 46%. Meanwhile, in in vivo tests, the CRKA isolate (Penicillium) was able to reduce the intensity of attacks by 13%, the CRKH isolate effectively reduced fruit shrinkage, and the CRKI isolate was proven to slow down the incubation period by up to 4 HSI
Variation of Fingerprint Patterns Among Students at OSO University Based on Ethnicity and Gender
Full text linkFingerprints are utilized for personal identification, as well as to identify ethnicity, blood type and gender. They are permanent and remain unchanged throughout lifetime, unless an injury causes skin damage. This study aims to examine the variation in fingerprint patterns among students at OSO University, considering ethnic and gender differences. This study used a purposive sampling method and at least 50 fingerprint samples from students at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Marine Science, OSO University. Generally, the loop fingerprint pattern is found in approximately 54.67% of the total sample of students. The loop fingerprint pattern is most commonly found in the Bugis, Malay and Javanese ethnic, while the Dayak ethnic predominantly has the whorl pattern. The arch fingerprint pattern is only found in the Dayak ethnic group. It can be assumed that the arch pattern may act as a distinguishing characteristic among ethnic groups in West Kalimantan. This study can contribute to forensic science, especially in identifying individuals based on fingerprint patterns associated with ethnicity and gender. This research can provide as a foundation for further studies that explore the relationship between fingerprint patterns and other demographic factors, such as age or geographic location
Effectiveness of Trichoderma and Mycorrhiza for Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Growth at Jambi Agricultural Training Center
Full text linkChili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the important horticultural crops cultivated commercially. To overcome the problem of declining soil fertility and attacks of plant disrupting organisms (OPT) which have an impact on the low growth and production of chili. This study aims to see the effect of Trichoderma sp and mycorrhiza on the growth of chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 10 replications. The treatments given are P0 = no treatment (control), P1 = Trichoderma sp, P2 = Mycorrhiza and P3 = Trichoderma sp - mycorrhiza. The parameters observed included plant height (cm) and number of leaves (strands) which were observed once a week for four observations. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% error level and if there was a real effect, further tests were carried out with DMRT (Duncan's Multipe Range Test). The results of the study on average plant height and number of leaves obtained from observations of 15 HST, 22 HST, 29 HST and 36 HST the highest was P1, namely treatment with Trichoderma sp gave good results on the growth of chili plants. The implications of this research can provide data and non-data regarding the results of the effectiveness test of trichoderma and mycorrhiza applications on the growth of chili plants
Multilocus Analysis of matK, atpB-rbcL Intergenic Spacer, and trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer in Pandanaceae
Full text linkSpecies within the Pandanaceae family, particularly those in the Pandanus genus, exhibit substantial morphological variation, often leading to challenges in accurate species identification. This study conducted a multilocus DNA barcode analysis using sequences of matK, atpB-rbcL Intergenic Spacer (IGS), and trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer (IGS) obtained from GenBank. Sequence alignment was performed using MAFFT v.7, and the aligned sequences were concatenated into multilocus datasets. Further analyses included frequency data evaluation and phylogenetic tree construction using the Neighbor Joining method in MEGA11. Results revealed that matK had the highest number of conserved sites and the greatest genetic stability, making it particularly effective for identifying broader taxonomic groups. In contrast, atpB-rbcL IGS and trnL-trnF IGS showed greater genetic variation, useful for distinguishing species with similar morphological features. Phylogenetic trees based on single- or two-locus data often failed to group species accurately, while multilocus combinations yielded well-resolved and more reliable tree structures. Therefore, the combined use of atpB-rbcL IGS + matK + trnL-trnF IGS significantly improves species resolution and reduces taxonomic misidentification within Pandanaceae. This study underscores the importance of multilocus barcoding in addressing limitations of morphological classification and enhancing molecular taxonomy in morphologically complex plant groups
The Knowledge Level of Elderly in Puskesmas Taliwang and the Incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease in 2024
Full text linkChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a gradually progressing condition that frequently remains asymptomatic in it’s early stages, making it an increasingly significant public health concern, particularly among the elderly. Early awareness and preventive behavior are crucial to mitigate it’s impact, yet many elderly individuals lack sufficient knowledge about disease. This study aims to examine the relationship between the knowledge level of elderly individuals and the incidence of CKD in the Puskesmas Taliwang area in 2024. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted involving 30 elderly participants selected through simple random sampling. Data on knowledge level were collected using a structured was performed using the Chi-square test. The result showed a significant association was found between knowledge level and CKD incidence P-value=0.000 and OR value is between 0,900 and 1,020, indicating that lower knowledge correlates with a higher risk of CKD. There is a significant relation between the knowledge level of elderly individuals and the incidence of CKD in the Puskesmas Taliwang area. Strengthening educational outreach and awareness programs is essential to reduce CKD risk among the elderly
Endophytic Fungus, Clerodendrum speciosissimum Jacob-Makoy (Lamiaceae) in West Lombok
Full text linkClerodendrum speciosissimum in Indonesia is known as the pagoda plant, which is used as a traditional medicinal plant. Organisms that are in plant tissue for all or part of their life cycle and do not cause infection are called endophytes, which include fungi. Endophytes are known as producers of chemicals in plants. Endophytic fungi are also used as producers of antibacterials, antifungals, and antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify endophytic fungi found in pagoda plant tissue and to determine the presence of endophytic fungi, using the patch method, 12 isolates were successfully isolated and identified into four genera, namely Aspergillus, Penicillium, Phytium, and Phytophthora. The presence of endophytic fungi can be detected in the cortex and pith tissue of the leaf midrib, while in the stem, endophytic fungi are found in the cortex, phloem, and pith tissues