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Increasing Inclusive Practices in an Elementary School Using Transcendental Phenomenology
Full text linkThis transcendental phenomenology study examined two schools, one comprehensive elementary school and one segregated special education center, as they transitioned to become one school to create more inclusive spaces for students with extensive support needs (i.e., intellectual and developmental disabilities). The transition occurred over a three-year period. The study used purposive sampling. Three general education and three special education teachers and the principal completed individual interviews during Year 3 of the transition. Classroom observations were conducted. The study used thematic analysis and revealed themes that described the school restructuring process: uncertainty during restructuring process; uncertainty around access based on students’ abilities and activities; and perceptions of additive and subtractive lens during the restructuring process. Implications include providing sufficient support in teacher education programs, professional development and support for teachers, administrators, parents and students
PROACTIVE LEADERS’ DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEE LEARNING GOAL ORIENTATION AND VOICE IN THE MITIGATION OF WORK-RELATED RUMINATION
Full text linkWork-related rumination aggravates stressors and demands at work. Past research has suggested that individuals with a learning goal orientation (LGO) cope better with ambiguity and challenges at work. Moreover, proactive leaders play an active role in influencing employees’ orientations and appraisals by modeling self-regulation through the encouragement of metacognition, employment of far-sighted goal-setting, and the utilization of participative behaviors like information-sharing that facilitates employees to take the initiative and adopt a more knowledge-seeking and developmental attitude towards their work. Using path modeling and confirmatory analysis, the study examined 1) whether the relationships between proactive leader behaviors and employee work-related rumination were mediated by employee learning goal orientation, 2) whether perceived voice climate moderated these relationships, and 3) whether proactive leader behaviors composed an overall construct of proactive leadership. Findings suggested that when leaders engaged in far-sighted goal-setting, a reduction in employee work-related rumination emerged through employee LGO. Support was found for a multidimensional structure of proactive leadership, where perceived voice climate determines the impact of proactive leader behaviors on employee LGO. This study helped understand the potential for proactive leaders to transform employees’ orientations toward work, enhancing their coping styles towards work and other domains and positively influencing employee well-being
BUILDING SAFER SPACES:EXPLORING SUPPORTIVE LEADERSHIP AND REMOTE WORK AS STRATEGIES AGAINST LGBTQIA+ MISTREATMENT
Full text linkOrganizations worldwide are undergoing significant transformations driven by employees’ demands for healthier, more inclusive workplaces (Mercer, 2022). This shift amplified by the influx of Gen Z and Millennial workers, whose higher rates of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQIA+) identification have nearly doubled the proportion of sexual- and gender-minority employees over the past decade, reshaping work dynamics. Yet, nearly half of all LGBT employees experience unfair treatment based on their gender identity or sexual orientation (Sears et al., 2021). LGBTQIA+ identity and hostile workplace climates, marked by mistreatment and discrimination, negatively impact organizational effectiveness by undermining employee well-being and performance. Research and theory have identified supportive leadership as a key factor in enhancing organizational outcomes, and recent studies suggest that remote work may reduce exposure to workplace microaggressions (Amerikaner et al., 2023). The primary objective of this study was to explore LGBTQIA+ identity and workplace climate as drivers of mistreatment and investigate protective measures to mitigate discrimination and its adverse effects on LGBTQIA+ employees. This study utilized a range of instruments to assess employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance, critical to organizational effectiveness to investigate the buffering effects of supportive leadership and work modalities, exploring whether workplaces with supportive leaders alleviate adverse effects, while remote/hybrid work modalities offer safer alternatives for LGBTQIA+ employees compared to traditional on-site roles. An online survey was distributed to adults employed in the United States (N = 327). Hierarchical regression analyses conducted in SPSS showed that the hypothesized model was partially supported. Workplace climate was found to be the most significant predictor of mistreatment, health, and work outcomes, while LGBTQIA+ identity significantly predicted mistreatment and mental well-being. Additionally, supportive leadership was shown to significantly reduce turnover intention in hostile workplace climates, and remote work significantly improved mental health outcomes in hostile climates. This research emphasizes the need for supportive workplace climates to reduce discrimination towards LGBTQIA+ employees and contributes to the limited literature on remote work as a strategy for mitigating mistreatment in hostile environments. Practical and theoretical implications, along with suggestions for future research, are discussed
THE IMPACT OF FAMILY-SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISORY BEHAVIORS ON PERCEPTIONS OF EMPLOYEE WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT, COMMITMENT, AND ENGAGEMENT: A ROLE CONGRUITY THEORY PERSPECTIVE
Full text linkLeaders play a central role in helping employees find a healthy balance between work and family responsibilities. Research has extensively examined the positive impact of family-supportive supervisory behaviors (FSSB), demonstrating that FSSB is effective in helping employees manage work-family domains. Because FSSB is a tool to aid employees, there has been limited examination of the potential negative implications for employees who receive FSSB. It is meaningful to consider how providing FSSB influences supervisory perceptions. Examining FSSB from a Role Congruity Theory perspective helps shed light on how a supervisor providing FSSB influences a favorable or unfavorable perception toward an employee and how these effects may differ depending on supervisory gender beliefs and employee gender. Results supported a positive relationship between FSSB and supervisors’ perceptions of employee organizational commitment. Results supported a negative relationship between FSSB and supervisors’ perceptions of employee work-family conflict. The findings demonstrated a three-way interaction between FSSB, supervisor gender beliefs, and employee gender on perceptions of employee engagement. These results demonstrate the importance of examining how employee and supervisory FSSB interactions influences supervisory perceptions of employee work outcomes
The Structural Barriers in Occupational Licensing for Undocumented Students
Full text linkBackground: Research has focused on understanding the barriers to financial stability, higher education, and access to healthcare among undocumented immigrants but less efforts have been geared towards identifying the obstacles they face in obtaining professional licensure. This exploratory study sought to identify the structural barriers to professional licensure for undocumented students in higher education. Methods: Qualitative data were collected on the licensing requirements of behavioral health careers in California. Using the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administrations determination of behavioral health careers, specific professions were identified. The requirements for professional licensure were extracted from each profession’s official website. These data were recorded in an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed to derive descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) on the requirements for licensure. Results: Five behavioral health careers were included in this study: Psychologist, social work, marriage and family therapist, physician assistant, and registered nurse practioner. Data were gathered on five categories: educational requirements, experience requirements, examination requirements, fingerprint and background check, and application requirements. Within these requirements include the minimum education requirement, hours needed for practicum, post degree requirements, the need for Live Scan, BreEZe account requirements, and social security number (SSN) request. The findings suggest that a significant challenge for undocumented students seeking professional licensure in California’s higher education system is the completing post degree supervised hours which can range from 2,000 to 3,000 hours, unpaid. Conclusion: Undocumented students aspiring to obtain professional licensure in California may face challenges because of the requirement for an SSN. To enhance the chances of securing professional licensure for undocumented students, behavioral health professionals could consider replacing the SSN with ITIN for payment opportunities and for all identification requirements
CONTRADICTIONS IN POLICIES AND PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRANSFER STUDENTS
Full text linkMission statements are a representation of an organization’s identity and can serve as a guiding factor for the development of policies and practices. However, in a setting of higher education where population demographics can shift over time, it may be necessary for periodic policy evaluation and adjustments to occur. A significant portion of the California State Universities’ students are being excluded from participating in their education to the best of their potential and excluded in a way that does not align with the overall California State University (CSU) mission. Through structurating activity theory, contradictions within policy processes can be used as guiding lights to update policies for the better. This study utilizes semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and document analysis to analyze contradictions between different discursive positions, and different levels of organizations. Exclusion does not have to be intentional, to be impactful
THE SENSE-MAKING OF RACE, GENDER, AND MASCULINITY IN COLLEGE MEN OF COLOR: A CRITICAL RACE-GROUNDED THEORY APPROACH
Full text linkLiterature on Men of Color in college has highlighted the disparate retention, persistence, and graduation rates of college Men of Color when compared to their female counterparts or White male peers. As a contribution to the scholarly research on Men of Color, this qualitative critical race-grounded theory study explored this phenomenon and made further inquiry about the nuanced and unique lives of Men of Color attending a Hispanic-serving institution (HSI). This research involved nine Men of Color undergraduate students who attended an HSI in Southern California who collaborated and coconstructed knowledge during the study. The collaborators, or participants, contributed to the knowledge making during four storytelling sessions that honored culturally affirming and relevant research methods. These methods ensured the Men of Color participants were treated with dignity and respect. The grounded theory that emerged from this study was a developmental belief paradigm in which Men of Color in this study existed. Individual beliefs began with the understanding of self followed by vulnerability, which promoted relationships with others and a sense of belonging or beingness. This theory underscores the importance of understanding the nuanced and unique lives of Men of Color in college and the intentional ways universities can provide services and support that promote sense of belonging and help-seeking behaviors. Expectantly, the outcomes of these practices and services will increase retention, persistence, and graduation rates in Men of Color
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF FAMILY SEPARATION ON CHILDREN’S PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkBackground: Under the Zero-Tolerance policy formulated by President Donald Trump, families were forced to separate from their children, which led to a broken bond between parents and their children. As a result, children were classified as unaccompanied alien children to be put in the care and custody of the Department of Health and Human Services. Research has found that separating families at the border has harmful and lasting effects on children’s psychological development. However, no research efforts have been made to systematically synthesize the evidence on the effects of family separation. Objective: This systematic review proposes to review recent literature on the effects of family separation on children’s psychological development. Methods: The following databases were used: California State University San Bernardino (CSUSB) One Search and Google Scholar. The following keywords were used: (“family separation” AND “psychological development”); (“family separation” OR “unaccompanied minor” AND “psychological development”). The articles were narrowed down to include only those that were published between the years 2010 and 2025. Conclusion: Findings from this systematic review can raise awareness of the effects of family separation on children’s psychological development
CART TO DOORSTEP
Full text linkDue to hectic schedules and long working hours, many people find it challenging to allocate time for traditional shopping in today\u27s fast-paced world. This often leads to a preference for online shopping, as it provides convenience and flexibility. However, despite its benefits, online shopping still lacks a seamless experience where customers can easily access a wide range of products, manage their shopping preferences, and make hassle-free payments—all from the comfort of their homes. To address this, the Cart to Doorstep project was developed. This web application aims to create an efficient and user-friendly online shopping platform that streamlines the shopping experience for customers, sellers, and admins. The application lets customers shop anytime and anywhere, offering product browsing, secure payment options, and order tracking features. Sellers can easily manage inventory, apply discounts, and fulfil customer orders. Administrators oversee the system, ensuring smooth operations and verifying the working locations and sellers. The key contribution of this project is to bridge the gap between convenience and quality in online shopping. By integrating a wallet system for easy payment, product reviews, and real-time order tracking, this application provides a more personalised and engaging shopping experience. Moreover, its flexible architecture allows sellers to reach a broader audience while controlling their product offerings and pricing. Ultimately, the project enhances the overall shopping experience by offering a centralised, efficient, and easily accessible platform for all users, ensuring that customers can enjoy their shopping experience from start to finish without the need to visit physical stores