Reitaku University Academic Repository / 麗澤大学学術リポジトリ
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Five Keys to Improving Assistant Language Teacher & Japanese Teacher Relations on the JET Program
Get PDFContact-induced Language Change and Grammaticalization:A Case Study in Papua New Guinea
Get PDFHeine & Kuteva introduce areal contact-induced grammaticalization for many types of language contact. Grammaticalization is a process that changes word use from lexical meanings to grammatical function words, and from the original grammatical functions to various other grammatical forms. Heine & Kuteva have expanded the grammaticalization theory from single language-internal to languages in areal contact. This contact-induced grammaticalization can explain several types of language changes (Sprachbund,metatypy, creole) due to contacts, such as gap filling, coexistence, equivalence,replication, and so on. This study attempts to limit this theory through data gathered by fieldwork examining highly complicated language contacts in Madang City, Papua New Guinea. In Madang, nearly 500 languages are spoken,resulting in very complex language contacts. This study concludes that in Madang language contacts alone are insufficient to explain the contactinduced grammaticalization observed
Analysis of the Direction of Changes in Quality, in the State and Society of the People's Republic of China,Part 10
Get PDFFacework in conflict situations:A multivariate analysis focusing on native speakers of Japanese
Get PDF「～みたいだ」文法化の過程
Get PDF日本語で比況、例示、推量の用法をもつ「～みたいだ」は「～を見たようだ」が文法化した形式である。先行研究はその過程での形式が変化したこと、及び名詞以外の品詞の語に付くようになったことを指摘しているが、用法の広がりとして捉えるべきであること、用法の広がりにおいて意味の再解釈があることを指摘した
Nature worship and Theravada Buddhism of the Dai people（傣族）in Yunnan Province, China.
Get PDFNature worship was a basic worship of the Dai people (傣族)in Yunnan Province, China. But after that day they accepted a Theravata Buddhism worship. At that period while they keep continuing a Nature worship which Buddha had denied, at the same time they transformed a traditional worship of Village heart (寨心) into Pagoda worship, and changed a Goddess of the spirit of grain into Man God of the spirit of grain and accepted a Buddhism Culture which differ in traditional culture. This essay explain and give a concrete example for you to understand Dai people culture and it has also in common with the Japanese culture such as in Syncretistic fusion of Shintoism and Buddhism which widely research
The Dawn of Western-Systematic Zoology in Meiji Period Japan II ―The international and global view of Dr. Kumao Kinoshita and its background―
Get PDFDr.Kumao Kinoshita was a researcher on Cold-Water Octocoral(CWOC) during the Meiji period (1868-1912). He studied octocoral (Coelenterate: Anthozoa:Octocorallia)at the Zoological Laboratory of the Imperial University of Tokyo (University of Tokyo). He wrote several English,German and Japanese scientific papers and reports but never had any foreign visit in his life. However, he always had the global view from inside of Japan. This manuscript focus on the background of the international and global of Dr. Kumao Kinoshita (1881-1947)from same marine biologist’s standpoint as Dr. Kinoshita, not from the bibliography writer’s or local history researcher’s standpoint. For the general information of Dr. Kinoshita’s life, please refer Matsumoto 2011. First, the global background of locality Ikura, Kumamoto prefecture where Dr.Kinoshita has born,spent and ended his life. Ikura was the international trade port over several centuries. The city has been international and the people from China and maybe from other foreign countries lived in this city. His families and his neighbor often used vessels and Japanese boats for transporting and traveling because the city was located in front of Ariake sea. Second, the period of the last days of the Shogunate (Bakumatsu)-Meiji require a preparation for the national defense from foreign countries. Because of the colonial policy on Asia by western countries, several foreign countries prowled around Japan those days. Family Kinoshita had a roots of sword maker for the federal load Kiyomasa Kato of Higo-Kumamoto han. And therefore they had a role to make firearm during the period for the defense purpose and carefully watch out the world trends with teaching coast guards of Higo-Kumamoto han. Third, important background of Dr. Kumao Kinoshita was the people of family and interfamilial relationship. His father Sukeyuki Kinoshita and his grandfather Hatsutaro Kinoshita were leading figure of the landed gentry of Tamana, Higo-Kumamoto han (Kumamoto prefecture). Family Kinoshita always had global view and perspectives for the current state and for the education as landed gentry. They have contributed to make school and system to teach the fundamental knowledge and view for the dynamic world. The Bakumatsu-Meiji was the period that Japanese learned the way of Western culture and science. Most of scientist blindly obey everything the western literature said. However Dr. Kinoshita alerted that not to obey barbarian’s word without thinking the meaning of data set by yourself for the science. These three background in this manuscript compose Dr. Kumao Kinoshita’s globalism and perspectively for the worlds
An Attitude Survey on Rural to Urban Labor Migration in China -On the Data of Questionnaire Survey in Jilin Rural Area-
Get PDFIn this article I propose to relate Labor migration decision process with objective cognitive factors as well as those of subjective characteristics. A field research on labor migration decision was conducted for non-migrants in Jinlin Rural Area in 2008.The decisive factors in migration planning are analyzed by the criterion of significance level between the dependent decision variable and the explanatory variables including objective variables.A logistic model of migration decision with cognitive explanatory variables is tested. It is found that family members'migrations,intention of labor migration,and cognition of labor migration capability have influence on the decision to migrate. The family of medium income level is found to be apt to migration compared to both low level and high level income families