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Modeling the impact of explosive volcanism on biogeochemical cycling at the peak of the Late Paleozoic icehouse
Get PDFThe peak of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) coincided with atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2) lows, and large-magnitude fluctuations in glacial-interglacial pCO2, but the driver(s) for pCO2 drawdown at this time remain debated. Backed by parameters for the frequency and magnitude of Late Carboniferous volcanism derived from the rock record, we apply an intermediate complexity Earth system model to evaluate the biogeochemical impacts of ash-borne nutrients from frequent (decadal) and explosive silicic volcanism on nutrient cycling ca. 310–300 Ma. Results show that volcanic perturbations result in negligible changes in marine particulate organic carbon export concurrent with sustained increases in pCO2 (+20 ppm), suggesting that volcanic pCO2 emissions are not sequestered by fertilization and/or weathering of associated Fe-bearing volcanic ash. We propose that Fe loading in the Permo-Carboniferous may have been bolstered by abundant and highly reactive non-volcanic mineral dust. Future carbon cycle modeling of this interval should integrate the effects of high mineral dust loading with volcanically-induced high Fe solubilities to assess the resultant effects on biological productivity and consequent pCO2 sequestration on scales sufficient to initiate or sustain cold climate modes during the lead-up to the peak LPIA. The Permo-Carboniferous world serves as a deep-time analog for understanding the novel mechanistic links among explosive volcanism, acidic atmospheric chemistry, nutrient availability in mineral aerosols, and organic carbon burial, with implications for Earth system responses to persistent biogeochemical forcings and Earth\u27s future in a purposefully geoengineered world
Electrophysiological Markers of Emotion Dysregulation in Autistic Youth
Get PDFEmotion dysregulation (ED) is a transdiagnostic mechanism that is conceptualized as difficultly regulating emotions and deploying appropriate regulation strategies in response to environmental stimuli. Meta-analyses suggest that autistic people, across the lifespan, experience more severe ED as compared to both neurotypical people and those with mental health conditions. Despite elevated risk and evidence linking ED to disruptions in neural mechanisms, no studies to date have examined neural markers of ED in autistic populations. The current project uses multi-method and multi-informant measurement to examine similarities and differences in neural mechanisms of ED in autistic and non-autistic populations. Forty-four youth aged 11—17 years from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds participated in an in-person project using an electroencephalogram (EEG) to examine neural mechanisms of ED and their relationships with behaviorally expressed ED, as reported by both youth and their parents. Delta-beta coupling (DBC) and late positive potential (LPP) were used to examine associations of subtypes of ED with resting-state brain activity and cognitive reappraisal, respectively. Significant differences were seen in LPP amplitudes, but not DBC, between autistic and non-autistic youth. Bivariate and multivariate analyses suggest that larger LPP amplitudes (after reappraisal) and weaker frontal DBC (marginally) were related to greater challenges with ED. These findings are the first to examine associations between neural mechanisms of ED and parent- and self-report challenges of ED in autistic children. Future work can continue to examine the predictive utility of these metrics in autistic youth and adults, which can assist in both a better understanding of ED as a construct and more precise intervention planning
A Collaborative Teaching Approach: Teaching Emergent Bilinguals in Higher Education
Get PDFThis dissertation examines the collaboration between two college instructors, one in writing and one in psychology, to enhance support for emergent bilinguals at a private university in the northeastern United States. While collaboration among educators is widely encouraged in K–12 settings, it is far less common and studied in higher education, particularly in relation to language-minoritized students. Through an action research model, this study examines how our informal exchanges evolved into a more intentional and reflective collaboration over time. Grounded in the frameworks of translanguaging (García, 2009) and community cultural wealth (Yosso, 2005), the study traces the evolution of our shared work and what we learned about teaching, learning, and ourselves in the process. Drawing on transcripts of collaborative meetings, journal entries, field notes, and analytic memos, this research highlights how continuous collaboration challenged our assumptions and helped us design instruction that recognized students’ full linguistic and cultural identities, not just their English proficiency. The findings suggest that collaboration across disciplines, when rooted in mutual respect and shared commitment to student success, can lead to more inclusive teaching practices. This study offered a glimpse into what is possible when faculty collaborate around pedagogy and student experiences. It also points to the need for institutional structures that facilitate collaboration more effectively and sustainably
An Examination of the Lived Experiences of Community College Students of Color Who Utilize On-Campus Food Pantries
Get PDFIn this dissertation, I present the findings of a descriptive phenomenological study I conducted focused on examining the experiences of community college students of color who utilize on-campus food pantries, aiming to understand how these resources impact their well-being. Through in-depth interviews, two central themes emerged. The first theme, Introduction to the On-Campus Food Pantry, highlights the accessibility of the service, with participants emphasizing the simplicity and efficiency of the registration process as a key factor in their initial engagement. The second theme, Experiences Using the Pantry, reveals that students found the pantry environment to be welcoming and non-stigmatizing, fostering a sense of ease and comfort during use. These findings underscore the importance of user-friendly systems and inclusive environments in addressing food insecurity among marginalized student populations
Human Trafficking Help Line Infographic
Get PDFHere is a bilingual (English + Spanish) human trafficking helpline sign text that complies with New Jersey state requirements for posting in public restrooms and similar venues. This version is concise, legally aligned, and designed for clear visibility and survivor accessibility
1-Extra 3-component edge connectivity of modified bubble-sort networks
Get PDFThe classic edge connectivity of a network G is the minimum number of edges whose removal disconnects G into multiple components. It can be used as a measure of the reliability of the network. The extra edge connectivity (resp. the component edge connectivity) imposes conditions on the size (resp. the number) of components, and both are the generalizations of the classic edge connectivity. The extra component edge connectivity combines both conditional edge connectivities to measure the network’s reliability in a more particular and targeted manner. The modified bubble-sort graph MBn is a topological model proposed for the interconnection network of multicomputer systems. In this paper, we study the 1-extra 3-component edge connectivity cλ31(MBn) of the modified bubble-sort graph and prove that cλ31(MBn)=4n-6 for n≥7
The Effects of Ketamine on the Expression of Hippocampal α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and Novel Object Placement Performance in a Wistar-Kyoto Model Depression
No full textTreatment-Resistant Depressive Disorder (TRD) is a prevailing psychological condition characterized by low affect, cognitive dysfunction, and suboptimal responses to conventional antidepressants. Over the past decade, a collective number of studies have proposed ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant. In this study, we investigated the cognitive and molecular effects of ketamine on Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats—a potential biological model of depression—by the novel object placement (NOP) test and quantitative analysis of the AMPA receptor subunit GluA1 expression by Western blot. We predicted that a ketamine administration would improve spatial memory performance, as demonstrated by the NOP test, and increase the expression of AMPA receptors in the hippocampus of WKY rats. Our results showed no improvement in the NOP task performance between groups. In addition, we found no changes in AMPA receptor expression (GluA1) compared to Wistar-Hannover (WIS) control rats. The findings reported here are also inconsistent with a previous work showing an effect of ketamine on AMPA receptor expression, highlighting discrepancies in the current literature
\u3cem\u3eWildful\u3c/em\u3e (2024) by Kengo Kurimoto
Get PDFKengo Kurimoto’s graphic novel Wildful explores the transformative power of nature and deep attention. Poppy is struggling with her mother’s depression after her grandmother’s passing. Initially absorbed in digital distractions, Poppy is drawn into the wilderness when her dog, Pepper, chases a fox. She meets Rob, a boy who teaches her to observe nature with curiosity and respect—tracking animals, noticing patterns, and sitting in silence. Poppy learns that being in nature can assuage generational grief through a renewed sense of wonder and connection.https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/iapc_thinkingstories_middlegrades/1002/thumbnail.jp