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Michelli, Nicholas M. Interview 24 April 2025
No full textIn this interview, Nicholas M. Michelli, former Dean of the College of Education and Human Services at Montclair State University and a leading advocate of critical thinking, civic education, and education for democracy, reflects on his career and his involvement with the Institute for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (IAPC). He describes his early encounters with Matthew Lipman and Ann Margaret Sharp, and key moments in the founding, expansion, and internationalization of the IAPC, including teacher-training initiatives, state and federal recognition, graduate and doctoral programs, and international partnerships. Throughout the interview, Michelli emphasizes the inseparability of philosophy, critical thinking, and civic education, framing them as essential to democratic life and social justice. He also reflects candidly on tensions between philosophers and educators, the challenges of institutional politics, and the contemporary urgency of democratic education amid national and global political instability.https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/iapc_oral_histories/1010/thumbnail.jp
\u3cem\u3eRed Bird Sings: The story of Zitkala-Ša\u3c/em\u3e (2011) by Gina Capaldi
No full textIn the nineteenth and twentieth centuries American and Canadian government agencies and Christian churches established Indian residential schools where hundreds of thousands of children were “reeducated” in English and Christianity. They were not allowed to use their native languages or given names, to practice their religions, or to communicate with their siblings or parents. They were made to work in crop fields, kitchens, laundries, and industrial workshops. Many were physically and sexually abused. Many never saw their families again. The nine picture books reviewed here are accounts of survivors of residential schools from eight different Indigenous nations. In addition to depicting the violence attending these schools, the books show the courage and intelligent resilience of the resident children—inventing sign language to secretly communicate with each other, stealing food, and attempting escape. These books can help Indigenous families and descendants of settler colonizers explore this part of history in ways that may be uncomfortable but that will generate the kind of understanding of the past that can inform taking responsibility for the present and the future.https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/iapc_thinkingstories_picturebooks/1061/thumbnail.jp
Shin-Ch\u27i\u27s Canoe
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/iapc_picturebook_gallery/1054/thumbnail.jp
From Coastal Retreat to Seaward Growth: Emergent Behaviors From Paired Community Beach Nourishment Choices
No full textCoastal communities often address shoreline erosion through beach nourishment, adding externally sourced sand to widen beaches for recreation and property protection. While nourishment enhances beachfront property values, the need for periodic maintenance creates interdependencies where the actions of neighboring communities affect local shoreline dynamics. Using a coupled model of two neighboring communities, we examine the interplay between community nourishment decisions and the redistribution of nourishment sand. We find that the value a community places on wider beaches not only influences their propensity to nourish, but also their and their neighbors\u27 nourishment efficiency and net benefits. Communities that nourish more frequently tend to have lower nourishment efficiency, as sand is redistributed alongshore, benefiting less-active neighbors at their expense. A 20-year New Jersey case study confirms that communities that nourish more have lower nourishment efficiencies, including instances where less wealthy communities nourish significantly more, enabling wealthier neighbors to enjoy higher efficiencies—suggesting that such dynamics may already be shaping real-world coastal outcomes. In future scenarios, we simulate the effects of rising sand costs and accelerated erosion due to sea-level rise under coordinated and non-coordinated planning methods, finding that less wealthy communities experience a higher risk of beachfront property loss under non-coordination, exacerbating disparities in coastal management. These findings underscore the importance of inter-community cooperation in optimizing economic and environmental outcomes in beach nourishment strategies
\u3cem\u3eI\u27m Going to Make a Friend\u3c/em\u3e (2025) by Darren Chetty
No full textPhilosopher Darren Chetty’s first picture book playfully explores a sort of language-accident: we say we make drawings and machines–and also that we make friends. Chetty shows us a child who tries to construct a robot-friend. As the child thinks about the elements that go into a friendship, we’re reminded of the contradictory desires of childhood companionship: for space and comfort, adventure and familiarity, a private connection and an opening to the wider world. What would one put into an artificial companion? The problem is as old as Pinocchio and Pygmalion. As the construction proceeds, the other kind of “making friends” shows up: another child shows an interest in the project, but has different ideas. In the emerging world of artificial intelligence, this book’s investigation of the distinctive features of human interactions is urgently needed.https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/iapc_thinkingstories_picturebooks/1052/thumbnail.jp
Effect of digital noise reduction processing on subcortical speech encoding and relationship to behavioral outcomes
No full textPerceptual benefits from digital noise reduction (NR) vary among individuals with different noise tolerance and sensitivity to distortions introduced in NR-processed speech; however, the physiological bases of the variance are understudied. Here, we developed objective measures of speech encoding in the ascending pathway as candidate measures of individual noise tolerance and sensitivity to NR-processed speech using the brainstem responses to speech syllable /da/. The speech-evoked brainstem response was found to be sensitive to the addition of noise and NR processing. The NR effects on the consonant and vowel portion of the responses were robustly quantified using response-to-response correlation metrics and spectral amplitude ratios, respectively. Further, the f0 amplitude ratios between conditions correlated with behavioral accuracy with NR. These findings suggest that investigating the NR effects on bottom-up speech encoding using brainstem measures is feasible and that individual subcortical encoding of NR-processed speech may relate to individual behavioral outcomes with NR
Reimagining stuttering therapy and outcomes through an acceptance and collaborative lens
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to summarize a panel discussion at the 2024 World Stuttering and Cluttering Organization Congress that aimed to explore and reflect on the shifting landscape of stuttering therapy across the lifespan. The panel comprised of speech-language pathologists who have experience in stuttering therapy as clients, professionals, and researchers. The panel members reflect on the research, their professional experiences, and their own personal journey toward a more acceptance-based therapy and its outcomes. The paper concludes with the panel\u27s reflections on the future of stuttering therapy across the lifespan
Books and Media by University Libraries Authors
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/books_slideshow/1008/thumbnail.jp
Reflecting on teaching together and alone: preservice teachers’ processes of knowledge construction in writing and discussion
No full textUnderstanding how preservice teachers (PSTs) engage with knowledge of educational sciences through reflective practice is critical to improving teacher education. This study investigates how PSTs construct knowledge when analyzing a complex classroom situation and explores how a reflective task format—individual essay writing or collaborative group discussion—shapes the types and quality of knowledge construction processes involved. Drawing on frameworks of reflective practice and epistemic cognition, we developed a coding scheme to identify five knowledge construction processes and three levels of implementation quality. Using data from a university-based teacher education course, we applied this scheme to PSTs’ written essays and transcribed group discussions. Our findings indicate that collaborative discussions elicited a broader variety of knowledge construction processes and deeper levels of implementation, while essays involved more references to scientific literature but fewer exploratory hypotheses. These results suggest that different reflective tasks afford distinct opportunities for preservice teachers to mobilize and integrate educational sciences knowledge. The study highlights how the perceived relevance and applicability of theoretical content are shaped not only by individual cognition but also by the task design and social context of reflection. Implications for teacher educators include selecting reflection formats strategically to support meaningful engagement with educational knowledge in preparation for complex pedagogical reasoning
Extremely poleward shift of Antarctic Circumpolar Current by eccentricity during the Last Interglacial
No full textThe Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) exerts substantial control on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the Southern Ocean, playing a key role in modulating the global carbon cycle and climate. However, the orbital-scale forcing and future changes in the strength and position of the ACC remain elusive. Here, we reconstruct the history of ACC extending back to the Last Interglacial (LIG; 128-113 ka) using sediment cores from the Scotia Sea. Based on high-resolution measurements of sortable silt mean grain size, we find that bottom current speed is synchronized with eccentricity, superimposed by precession. During the LIG when both eccentricity and precession reached their maxima, current speed peaked in the region south of the Southern ACC front, suggesting that the Polar Front shifted ~5° southward. We propose that the low-frequency ACC frontal migration is primarily controlled by eccentricity-driven shifts in the Southern Hemisphere Westerlies, while precession-driven shifts contribute to high-frequency migration. Our findings imply under future orbital-scale scenarios, the ACC position is likely to shift north