Management In Health, MIH (National School of Public Health, Management, Romania)
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Organization and Financing models in the European Healthcare Systems (German versus French Healthcare Systems)
No full text The improving of health represents the main goal of all health systems, and this target can be reached through a adequate national health policy; a good picture of a health policy could be reflected in the organizational and financing model of the health system, which includes all organizations, institutions and resources established for the improvement of the population health status. This article is a synthesis from those describing the main health systems in Europe; the presentation of each national health system contains aspects such as: the level population coverage by health insurance, types of health services covered, the generate revenue system, the delivery system, the quality of care, the cost-control system.Keywords: health systems, health insurance covering, financing, delivery health system, quality of care, efficiency, cost-control
Mix-ul public - privat în sănătate şi pachetul de bază
Get PDFThe basic package of health services is a key component of a public and private mix in health care. But to develop a basic package is a difficult task due to all constraints of public demand, health budget, and the population ability to pay. There are some elements that have to be taken into consideration and balanced in the evaluation of the health services. Universality, comprehensiveness, and type of services are the most critical, and within a given budget these components are difficult to be increased all at once. Therefore there are services that need to be left outside the basic package and to be covered with private schemes. In this evaluation the elasticity of health services can be used to define the behaviour of health services consumption and refine the decision.Key words: public and private mix, basic health package, health care
Modele de organizare şi finanţare a sistemelor de sănătate europene (sistemul britanic versus sistemul olandez)
Get PDFThe improving of health represents the main goal of all health systems, and this target can be reached through a adequate national policy; a good image of a health policy could be reflected in the organization and the financing model of the health system, which includes all organizations, institutions and resources established for the improvement of the population health status. This article is a synthesis from those describing the main health systems in Europe; the presentation of each national health system contains aspects such as: the level population coverage by health insurance, types of health services covered, thegenerate revenue system, the delivery system, the quality of care, the costcontrol system.Keywords: health systems, health insurance covering, financing, delivery health system, quality of care, efficiency, cost-controlThe improving of health represents the main goal of all health systems, and this target can be reached through a adequate national policy; a good image of a health policy could be reflected in the organization and the financing model of the health system, which includes all organizations, institutions and resources established for the improvement of the population health status. This article is a synthesis from those describing the main health systems in Europe; the presentation of each national health system contains aspects such as: the level population coverage by health insurance, types of health services covered, thegenerate revenue system, the delivery system, the quality of care, the costcontrol system.Keywords: health systems, health insurance covering, financing, delivery health system, quality of care, efficiency, cost-contro
Tipologia strategiilor organizaţionale în sănătate
Get PDFThe adapting via change to the environment`s requirements and exigencies represents a need for the health organizations, imposing preparation and application of organizational strategies.. In this context, the actions of the top management of the organization, taken for preparing its strategy, are focused on finding the most suitable strategic options to the issues currently involved by the dynamic and complex activity of the health organization, implying its presence on the market. The detailed presentation of different forms of organizational strategies in this article, allows health managers to gain specialized knowledge, which can increase the effectiveness of the approaches regarding the implementation of the mission and the established objectives. Keywords: environment, organizational strategies, top management, strategic options, specialized knowledge, market.Content available only in RomanianThe adapting via change to the environment`s requirements and exigencies represents a need for the health organizations, imposing preparation and application of organizational strategies.. In this context, the actions of the top management of the organization, taken for preparing its strategy, are focused on finding the most suitable strategic options to the issues currently involved by the dynamic and complex activity of the health organization, implying its presence on the market. The detailed presentation of different forms of organizational strategies in this article, allows health managers to gain specialized knowledge, which can increase the effectiveness of the approaches regarding the implementation of the mission and the established objectives. Keywords: environment, organizational strategies, top management, strategic options, specialized knowledge, market
Evaluarea reţelei române de control al tuberculozei
Get PDFDoctors of the World – USA in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the Romanian National Tuberculosis Program conducted in the period of October through November 2006, a partnership assessment of the Romanian Tuberculosis Network. A confidential, self-completed survey was designed and distributed to representatives from the TB control community in Romania to assess perspectives on the purpose, effectiveness, and future direction of the Network in order to formulate recommendations for strengthening collaboration and functions. This was accomplished by soliciting member views on the operation of the Network, eliciting feedback on participation benefits, priorities, and the decision-making and communication process along with surveying resource and training needs. Keywords: TB, partnership, national program, networkContent available only in Romanian.Doctors of the World – USA in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the Romanian National Tuberculosis Program conducted in the period of October through November 2006, a partnership assessment of the Romanian Tuberculosis Network. A confidential, self-completed survey was designed and distributed to representatives from the TB control community in Romania to assess perspectives on the purpose, effectiveness, and future direction of the Network in order to formulate recommendations for strengthening collaboration and functions. This was accomplished by soliciting member views on the operation of the Network, eliciting feedback on participation benefits, priorities, and the decision-making and communication process along with surveying resource and training needs. Keywords: TB, partnership, national program, networkContent available only in Romanian
Strategii de reducere a erorilor de medicaţie la persoanele vârstnice
Get PDFThis Best Practice Information Sheet is based on a systematic review of research, published by Blackwell Publishing Asia and conducted by the Australian Centre for Evidence Based Aged Care, formerly a Collaborating Centre of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The objective of this information sheet is to present the best available evidence related to management of medication incidents (errors) associated with the prescribing, dispensing and administration of medications in the acute, subacute and residential care settings with particular emphasis where possible to persons aged 65 years and over.Interventions that have been examined for effectiveness in reducing medication errors and/or adverse drug events could be placed into one of the five following categories: Computerised systems, Individual patient medical supplies, Education and training, Use of pharmacists, Nursing care models.No one intervention can reduce the risk of medication error in all areas of medication delivery.Therefore, practice to reduce medication errors and the adverse drug events that can arise from these errors must involve effective interventions that target all steps in the delivery of medication. Further, effective intervention would then involve all participants in medication delivery such as physicians at the point of ordering, pharmacists not only to fill the order but to ensure the correctness of that order, and nurses at the point of administration.This review has identified large gaps in existing knowledge of the best methods to reduce medication errors. High quality research is particularly needed to determine the effectiveness of: • medication administration records (MAR), bedside terminals, computer alert systems and bar codes to reduce medication errors • educational interventions to reduce medication errors• the use of multi-skilled technicians partnering with nurses, reducing their workload (PIPC model), to reduce the incidence of medication errors• the use of dedicated nurses to reduce the incidence of medication errorsKeywords: computerised systems, individual patient, medication supply, education and training, use of pharmacists, nursing care models.Content available only in Romanian
Mosaic - o clasificare a populaţiei şi vecinătăţilor din România pentru alocarea mai bună a banului public
Get PDFMosaic Romania is a geo–demographic segmentation which classifies consumers according to the type of neighbourhood in which they live. This segmentation classifies consumers into 45 neighbourhood types aggregated into 10 groups. The results of population classification provides a comprehensive and detailed understanding of socio-demographic, lifestyles, culture and behaviors of the population in Romania.The article presents the groups and the neighbourhood types for the Romanian population and also explains which could be the utility of the Mosaic system for the health system analysis. Keywords: consumer classification, Romania, life style, Mosaic groupsContent available only in Romanian
Premize şi perspective ale informatizării în medicina de familie
No full textThe main element quoted as benefit of the informatisation is the quality of the medical act (similar to the managerial decision of improving the functionality by changing the internal processes) and less the revenue increase (directly or indirectly, through the accrual of the number of patients). This puts the morality of the family doctors in a favorable light as, in spite the fact that they have medium to low incomes, and that they don’t estimate an increase and in spite the fact that informatisation is a supplemental cost, they wish to go for the informatisation to improve the quality of the medical act. In other words, the actual bureaucratic context is unfavorable to a quality medical act and the family doctors are looking for solutions to improve it, one of them being informatisation. Unfortunately, this is only a noble but unrealistic view point as in the current informational context, very little coherent and lacking a logistic and financial support, it would be much more useful to make coherent and to simplify the informational flow. The informatisation should come next, as an option, for those doctors who have the skills and wish to develop this side of their medical practice!Keywords: informatisation, family medicine, expenses, quality, revenueContent available only in Romanian
Percepţia corupţiei din administraţia sanitară în rândul jurnaliştilor
No full textThe ESPAD study - composed by many national surveys targeting the European adolescents - provides the participating nations with a realistic perspective about the important problem of illegal drug, alcohol, tobacco use. For nearly 2 decades, the study brought a clearer understanding of the temporal trend of the consumption patterns, and a better understanding of some of their consequences. It has also given policymakers important evidence for intervention.Keywords: Lifetime prevalence, prevalence during the last 12 months, prevalence during the last 30 days, tobacco, alcohol, drugs<!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; margin-bottom:10.0pt; line-height:115%;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> Această cercetare descriptivă încearcă să analizeze modul în care jurnaliştii evaluează performanţa managementului din sistemul public de sănătate. Deşi au identificat toate mecanismele de corupţie ca fiind utilizate în sistem, jurnaliştii acuză mai ales lipsa de transparenţă. Am arătat, de asemenea, că jurnalistii nu analizează performanţa în termeni de management public, ci sunt influenţaţi de imaginea instituţiei respective. Structurile care au posibilitatea de a realiza plăţi informale sunt considerate mai influente decât cele asimilate asociaţiilor sindicale sau profesionale. Mass-media acuză Colegiul Medicilor de ascunderea cazurilor de malpraxis, atribuind greşit responsabilităţile. O formă de autocenzură identificată în lucrare este cea generată de reacţia aşteptată din partea publicului
Studiul privind sănătatea mentală - România
No full textThe article shows the findings of Mental Health Survey – Romania 2007, regarding the lifetime prevalence, the age group variation, the onset age of mental disorders, the projected risk by 75 years, and the comparison of the projected risk with the observed lifetime prevalence the proportion of those making initial treatment contacts in the year of onset and by 75 years. The lifetime prevalence for any mental disorders, among those of 18 years old and older is 13.4% with the onset in the adolescence or early adulthood. Among the mental disorders the highest prevalence can be found for anxiety disorders. For some of the anxiety disorders (specific phobia, social phobia, posttraumatic stress disorders, panic disorders, and alcohol abuse with or without dependence) can be noticed an increase of prevalence in adulthood compared to younger ages, following a decrease at 65 years or older ages. The major depressive episode registers continuous increase reaching the highest prevalence at elderly people. The projected lifetime risk shows higher values compared to the observed lifetime prevalence. The proportion of those making initial treatment contact in the year of onset is 32-63% for those with bipolar disorder, dysthymia, drug abuse, 10,2-24,6% for mood disorders and agoraphobia and under 10% for major depressive episode, panic disorder specific phobia alcohol abuse and substance use disorders.Keywords: mental health, mental disorders, lifetime prevalence, services useArticolul prezintă rezultate din Studiul Sănătatea Mentală România 2007, referitoare la prevalenţa pe durata vieţii, variaţia pe grupe de vârstă, vârsta de debut a tulburărilor mentale, riscul proiectat până la vârsta de 75 de ani, comparaţii ale acestui risc cu prevalenţa pe durata vieţii, proporţia celor care se adresează unui profesionist în vederea iniţierii tratamentului în anul de debut sau până la 50 de ani. De-a lungul vieţii, 13,4% dintre adulţii de 18 ani şi peste vorbitori de limba română îndeplinesc criteriile sistemului de diagnostic DSM-IV pentru cel puţin o tulburare mentală, având debutul de obicei în adolescenţă sau la începutul maturităţii. Dintre tulburările mentale, cea mai ridicată prevalenţă se întâlneşte la tulburările de anxietate. Pentru tulburările de anxietate, fobia specifică, fobia socială şi tulburarea posttraumatică de stress, tulburarea de panică, abuzul de alcool, cu sau fără dependenţă, se observă o creştere a prevalenţei la maturitate faţă de tinereţe, urmând un declin la vârsta de 65 de ani şi peste. Tulburarea depresivă majoră înregistrează în schimb creşteri progresive, având cea mai mare prevalenţă la vârstnici. Riscul proiectat la vârsta de 75 de ani arată valori mai mari decât prevalenţa observată. Proporţia celor care se adresează unui profesionist în anul de debut al afecţiunii este cuprinsă între 32-63% pentru tulburarea bipolară, distimie, abuzul de droguri, între 10,2-24,6% pentru tulburările de dispoziţie şi agorafobie şi se situează sub 10% pentru episodul depresiv major, tulburarea de panică, abuzul de alcool cu dependenţă, anxietatea generalizată, tulburarea posttraumatică de stress, tulburările de anxietate, fobia specifică, abuzul de alcool şi tulburările legate de consumul de alcool şi droguri. Cuvinte cheie: sănătate mentală, tulburări mentale, prevalenţa în timpul vieţii, utilizarea serviciilo