E-Journal Universitas Janabadra
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PETANI DALAM MEMILIH POLA PEREMAJAAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KEBUN PLASMA PT INTI INDOSAWIT SUBUR
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to 1) determine the pattern of implementation of rejuvenation in PT's plasma plantations. Inti Indosawit Subur Kebun Muara Bulian, 2) analyzing the factors that influence farmers' decision making in choosing a rejuvenation pattern for oil palm plants, 3) analyzing the most dominant factors in farmers' decision making in choosing a rejuvenation pattern. The data used is primary data, research starts from December 2022 to August 2023, using quantitative descriptive methods, binary logistic regression data analysis. The research results show that the pattern of implementing oil palm rejuvenation consists of an independent pattern of 37.94%, namely 313 farmers or 776 hectares and a partnership pattern of 62.06%, namely 512 farmers or 1,348 hectares. The condition of gardens rejuvenated using an independent pattern is generally heterogeneous. Factors that significantly influence farmers' decision making are age, whether or not there is alternative income, the average amount of alternative income per month, number of dependents, land area, plantation management status, support from government extension workers and support from company extension workers. The most dominant factor influencing the choice of partnership pattern palm oil rejuvenation is the support of company extension workers
KAJIAN KANDUNGAN TIMBAL (Pb) DAN BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT PADA AREAL PERTANAMAN PADI DI KECAMATAN SUNGAI KAKAP KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA
Get PDF Immobilization of Pb in the form of bonds with inorganic compounds can occur with the availability of large amounts of solubilizing phosphate in the rhizosphere. High solubilizing phosphate in the rhizosphere can be an indication of the presence of phosphate solubilizing bacteria that work effectively in the rhizosphere. Exploration, isolation and characterization of these beneficial bacteria need to be carried out, so that strains that are able to grow well in rice growing areas can be propagated as biofertilizers. The purpose of this study was to examine the content of lead (Pb) and the characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in rice planting areas in Sungai Kakap District, Kubu Raya Regency. This study used a field experiment method. Soil samples from the rice plant rhizosphere and rice plant samples were analyzed in the laboratory according to the variables that had been determined. The results of this study indicate that the available phosphate content in paddy fields in Sungai Kakap District ranges from 0.58 to 13.38 ppm. The paddy field in Sungai Rengas Village has a high available P content, while the paddy field in Sungai Kakap Village has a very low P status. The results of analysis of total Pb in the rice fields of Sungai Kakap District ranged from 11.55 to 18.71 ppm, the status of total Pb content was classified as low. The relationship between the availability of P in the soil and the levels of Pb is very low (r = -0.33), it is suspected that Pb does not affect the state of P in the soil due to the low concentration of Pb. The ability of bacterial isolates to dissolve phosphate in this study varied. Phosphate solubilizing bacterial isolates from rice roots had a greater ability to dissolve phosphate than isolates from paddy soil, both isolates from the rice fields of Sungai Rengas Village and Sungai Kakap Village.Keywords: Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria, rice, paddy fields, lead.INTISARIImmobilisasi Pb dalam bentuk ikatan dengan senyawa anorganik dapat terjadi dengan tersedianya solubilizing fosfat dalam jumlah besar di rhizosfer. Solubilizing fosfat yang tinggi di rhizosfer dapat menjadi indikasi adanya bakteri pelarut fosfat yang bekerja effektif di rhizosfer. Eksplorasi, isolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri yang menguntungkan ini perlu dilakukan, agar strain-strain yang mampu tumbuh baik di areal pertanaman padi dapat diperbanyak sebagai biofertilizer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kandungan timbal (Pb) dan karakterisasi bakteri pelarut fosfat pada areal pertanaman padi di Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen lapang. Sampel tanah dari rhizosfer tanaman padi dan sampel tanaman padi dianalisis di laboratorium sesuai dengan variabel-variabel yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kandungan fosfat tersedia pada lahan sawah di Kecamatan Sungai Kakap berkisar 0,58 – 13,38 ppm. Lahan sawah Desa Sungai Rengas memiliki kandungan P tersedia dengan status tinggi, sedangkan lahan sawah di Desa Sungai Kakap status P tersedianya sangat rendah. Hasil analisis Pb total di lahan sawah Kecamatan Sungai Kakap berkisar 11,55- 18,71 ppm, status kandungan Pb total ini tergolong rendah. Hubungan antara ketersediaan P di dalam tanah dengan kadar Pb sangat rendah (r = - 0,33), diduga Pb tidak mempengaruhi keadaan P di dalam tanah karena konsentrasi Pb yang rendah. Kemampuan isolat bakteri dalam melarutkan fosfat pada penelitian ini berbeda-beda. Isolat bakteri pelarut fosfat yang berasal dari akar padi mempunyai kemampuan melarutkan fosfat yang lebih besar dibandingkan isolat dari tanah sawah, baik isolat yang berasal dari sawah Desa Sungai Rengas maupun Desa Sungai Kakap. Kata Kunci: Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat, padi, sawah, timbal
KESENJANGAN TEKNOLOGI DAN EFISIENSI PRODUKSI KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT DI SUMATERA
Get PDFThis study aims to compare technical efficiency (TE), technology gap ratio (TGR) and metafrontier technical efficiency (MTE) of oil palm smallholder oil palm in Sumatra according to their management patterns using data from the 2014 Estate Cultivation Household Survey by BPS-Statistics Indonesia. The result showed that the characteristics of oil palm smallholder production in Sumatra was on the Increasing Return to Scale. The average technical efficiency level of smallholders in Sumatra was 70% for the frontier, 69% for the metafrontier and a technology gap ratio of 99%. The technical efficiency score for supported smallholders which was higher than the independent smallholders. There is still room to improve the management capabilities of independent smallholders by improving the education level of smallholders
Teknik Enkapsulasi Antioksidan Melalui Pengeringan Semprot
No full textProduk agrikultur yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia adalah produk berbasis sayuran dan buah-buahan yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif seperti vitamin, polifenol, dan antioksidan. Molekul-molekul ini sangat rentan terhadap oksidasi dan degradasi selama pemrosesan makanan, terutama akibat paparan suhu. Ulasan ini membahas efek enkapsulasi dengan pengeringan semprot pada senyawa bioaktif dan bagaimana teknologi enkapsulasi digunakan untuk melindungi dan mengoptimalkan sifat fungsional bioaktif makanan. Enkapsulasi juga dapat membantu menghasilkan atribut sensorik yang diinginkan (misalnya, aroma, tekstur, warna, dan rasa), sehingga memainkan peran penting dalam pengembangan produk baru. Enkapsulasi telah terbukti berhasil sebagai proses yang efektif untuk melindungi senyawa bioaktif yang dienkapsulasi dari kondisi eksternal, sekaligus membantu pelepasan terkontrol dari senyawa aktif yang diangkut. Di antara berbagai variasi dan aplikasi enkapsulasi, mikroenkapsuliasi dan nanoenkapsulasi bioaktif dari makanan adalah fokus utama dari ulasan ini yang membahas prinsip-prinsip terkait perkembangan teknologi serta aplikasi saat ini sehingga efek perlindungan dan bioavailabilitas dari komponen bioaktif dalam sistem pangan dapat terpenuhi. Ulasan naskah ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode literature review narrative.Kata Kunci: antioksidan, enkapsulasi, komponen bioaktif, pengeringan sempro
SEBARAN MIKROORGANISME TANAH PADA BEBERAPA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN PERTANIAN DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Get PDFThe utilisation of suboptimal land for agricultural activities affects the amount of microbial distribution. This research aims to see the distribution of microbes on several land uses in West Kalimantan. Soil sampling was conducted on 3 land uses, agriculture, plantation, and secondary forest. This research was conducted in March - June 2023. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm with 3 replicates per land use. The parameters observed included the total population of bacteria and fungi, and respiration. The results showed that the total population in oil palm plantations had a respiration value and the total bacterial population had a value of 3.9 mgCO2/g/m2/day and 52.5 x 10-3 cfu/g soil, respectively, higher than the secondary forest and agricultural land uses. The total population value of fungi on agricultural land is superior to oil palm plantations and secondary forests at 8.75 x 10 - 5 cfu/g soil. Keyword: land use; microorganism; respiration. INTISARIPemanfaatan lahan suboptimal untuk kegiatan pertanian mempengaruhi jumlah sebaran mikroorganisme. Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk melihat sebaran mikroorganisme pada beberapa penggunaan lahan di Kalimantan Barat. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada 3 penggunaan lahan, pertanian, perkebunan, dan hutan sekunder. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan maret – juni 2023. Sampel tanah diambil pada kedalaman 0 – 20 cm dengan 3 ulangan per penggunaan lahan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi total populasi bakteri dan jamur, dan respirasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total populasi pada perkebunan sawit memiliki nilai respirasi dan jumlah total populasi bakteri masing-masing memiliki nilai 3,9 mg CO2/g/m2/hari dan 52,5 x 10-3 cfu/g tanah, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan penggunaan lahan hutan sekunder dan pertanian. Nilai total populasi jamur pada lahan pertanian lebih unggul dibandingkan lahan perkebunan sawit dan hutan sekunder sebesar 8,75 x 10 - 5 cfu/g tanah. Kata kunci: mikroorganisme; penggunaan lahan; respirasi
THE SOYBEAN (Glycine max L) GENETIC PARAMETERS OBTAINED BY A SINGLE CROSSING THREE VARIETIES ON F2 GENERATION
Get PDFThis study was conducted to determine the genetic parameters and selective traits of soybean that can be used in the single crossing of three different female parental varieties with the same male parent. Furthermore, this study was conducted between September and November 2020 on the Raya Usang agricultural land, which was located at the Dolog Masagal in Simalungun District with an altitude of 1,090 m above sea level. An augmented design was used in this study, which involved the crossing of three F2 lines, as well as the four parents. The plot size had a dimension of 10mx50m, with a spacing of 20cmx30cm. There were about 200 F2 seedlings and four elders containing 100 plants each, which were fertilized and maintained as needed. The data collected on each individual plant were analysed to determine the genetic diversity, coefficient of genetic, genetic progress, the predictive value of broad meaning heritability, and the correlation between the observed characters. The character selection was determined using about twenty genotypes from the F2 generation depending on the increase in heritability and KGH values, as well as the significant correlation between characters.. The results showed the value of heritability and expected genetic progress (EGP) F2 (Grobokan x Tanggamus, Anjasmoro x Tanggamus and Argomulyo x Tanggamus) was high while phenotypic correlation of quantitative characters of generation F2 (Grobokan x Tanggamus, Anjasmoro x Tanggamus and Argomulyo x Tanggamus) to all the characters observed has a real and high positive value. Key words: cross, genetic, heritability, varietie
POTENSI PEMAKAIAN BERBAGAI MACAM MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) DENGAN SISTEM AKUAPONIK VERTIKULTUR
Get PDFAquaponics is a plant cultivation technique that is integrated with the cultivation of aquatic animals such as fish. The aim of the study was to determine the potential use of various growing media on the growth and production of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a verticulture aquaponics system. This study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 4 treatments and 5 replications so that there were 80 research sample units. The factor studied was the use of several types of planting media in the "M" aquaponic system consisting of M1 = 75% cow dung planting medium + 25% rice husk charcoal, M2 = 50% filter cake planting medium + 25% rice husk charcoal, M3 = 50% media planting sludge + 25% rice husk charcoal, M4 = 75% OPEFB planting medium + 25% rice husk charcoal. Parameters observed were plant height per treatment (cm), number of tillers per treatment (stem), number of panicles per treatment (stem), weight of wet grain per treatment (g), weight of dry grain per treatment (g), root length per treatment (cm). The results showed that the effect of using several types of planting media in the acuponic system had a very significant effect on the parameter number of panicles per treatment (stems) with the best treatment on M4 (75% OPEFB planting medium + 25% rice husk charcoal), had a significant effect on the parameters of plant height per treatment (cm), number of tillers per treatment (stem), wet grain weight per treatment (g), and dry grain weight per treatment (g) with the best treatment at M4 (75% OPEFB planting medium + 25% rice husk charcoal) and no significant effect on root length parameters per treatment (cm) with the best treatment on M4 (75% OPEFB planting medium + 25% rice husk charcoal). Keywords: Aquaponics, Growing Media, Rice INTISARIAkuaponik adalah teknik budidaya tanaman yang terintegrasi dengan budidaya hewan air seperti ikan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi pemakaian berbagai macam media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada sistem akuaponik vertikultur. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial, dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan sehingga terdapat 80 unit sampel penelitian. Faktor yang diteliti adalah penggunaan beberapa jenis media tanam sistem akuaponik “M” terdiri dari M1 = 75% media tanam kotoran sapi + 25% arang sekam padi, M2 = 50% media tanam blotong + 25% arang sekam padi, M3 = 50% media tanam sludge + 25% arang sekam padi, M4 = 75% media tanam tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) + 25% arang sekam padi. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman per perlakuan(cm), jumlah anakan per perlakuan (batang), jumlah malai per perpelakuan (batang), berat gabah basah per perlakuan (g), berat gabah kering per perlakuan (g), panjang akar per perlakuan (cm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh penggunaan beberapa jenis media tanam sistem akuponik berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter jumlah malai per perlakuan (batang) dengan perlakuan terbaik pada M4 (75% media tanam TKKS + 25% arang sekam padi), berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman per perlakuan (cm), jumlah anakan per perlakuan (batang), berat gabah basah per perlakuan (g), dan berat gabah kering per perlakuan (g) dengan perlakuan terbaik pada M4 (75% media tanam TKKS + 25% arang sekam padi) serta berpengaruh tidak nyata pada parameter panjang akar per perlakuan (cm) dengan perlakuan terbaik pada M4 (75% media tanam TKKS + 25% arang sekam padi). Kata Kunci: Akuaponik, Media Tanam, Pad
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TANI JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH DI USAHA MIKRO SURYA MANDIRI MUSHROOM
Get PDFThe development of white oyster mushroom cultivation in Indonesia is quite prospective. This is supported by the high level of public consumption of horticultural products. However, farmers still experience several obstacles, namely the lack of capital, narrow land, limited human resources, and unsupportive technology. This study aims to analyze farm income, analyze internal factors and external factors, and formulate appropriate alternative strategies. Research data analysis method using income analysis and SWOT analysis. The results of research on income analysis are profitable with an average income of IDR 25,571,801.36 one time season for 4 month. The results of the SWOT analysis shows that the strategy lies in quadrant I, namely supporting an aggressive growth strategy (SO Strategy), This strategy is that good quality production results will produce other products that have high selling values, strategic locations and affordable selling prices will attract customers, and skilled workers will be younger in using technology and information to develop businesses. Keywords: Oyster mushroom farming, strategy, income analysis, SWOT INTISARIPengembangan budidaya jamur tiram putih di Indonesia cukup prospektif. Hal ini didukung oleh tingginya tingkat konsumsi masyarakat terhadap produk hortikultura. Tetapi petani masih mengalami beberapa kendala, yaitu minimnya modal, lahan yang sempit, terbatasnya sumber daya manusia, dan teknologi yang kurang mendukung. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pendapatan usaha tani, menganalisis faktor internal dan faktor eksternal, dan merumuskan strategi alternatif yang tepat. Metode analisis data penelitian menggunakan analisis pendapatan, dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian pada analisis pendapatan adalah menguntungkan dengan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp 25.571.801,36 per musim selama 4 bulan. Hasil penelitian pada analisis SWOT menunjukan bahwa strategi terletak pada kuadran I yaitu mendukung strategi pertumbuhan agresif (Strategi SO), hasil produksi yang berkualitas baik menghasilkan produk lain yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi, lokasi yang strategis dan harga jual yang terjangkau akan menarik pelanggan, dan tenaga kerja yang terampil akan lebih muda dalam menggunakan teknologi dan informasi untuk mengembangkan usaha.Kata Kunci: Usaha tani jamur tiram, Strategi, Analisis pendapatan, SWO
EFIKASI Streptomyces sp. TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.) DENGAN WAKTU APLIKASI YANG BERBEDA
Get PDFFusarium wilt disease in red pepper plants is caused by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. This disease is classified as an important disease of red chili plants because it can cause damage up to 50%. One of the efforts to overcome fusarium wilt disease is to use biological agents Streptomyces sp. which comes from the field of shallots and tomatoes in Pare, Kediri. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of Streptomyces sp. Against Fusarium wilt disease in red pepper plants with a wide range of application times. This study used a Factorial Complete Randomized Design with SP and BMP isolate type treatment, as well as application time treatment before planting, at the same time planting and after planting. Each treatment was repeated 5 times and given 5 plant units on each repetition. Observation parameters were carried out on the incubation period, disease severity, plant height, number of leaves, flowering age and number of flowers. Application Streptomyces sp. SP isolate with application time before planting showed the best results compared to other treatments. Keywords: Application Time, Fusarium sp., Streptomyces sp. INTISARI Penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman cabai merah disebabkan oleh jamur patogen Fusarium sp. Penyakit ini tergolong ke dalam penyakit penting tanaman cabai merah karena dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hingga 50%. Salah satu Upaya dalam mengatasi penyakit layu fusarium adalah menggunakan agensia hayati Streptomyces sp. yang berasal dari lahan bawang merah dan tomat di Pare, Kediri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengetahui pengaruh apikasi Streptomyces sp. terhadap penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman cabai merah dengan berbagai macam waktu aplikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan perlakuan jenis isolate SP dan BMP, serta perlakuan waktu aplikasi sebelum tanam, bersamaan tanam dan setelah tanam. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali dan diberikan 5 unit tanaman pada masing-masing ulangan. Parameter pengamatan dilakukan terhadap masa inkubasi, keparahan penyakit, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur berbunga dan jumlah bunga. Aplikasi Streptomyces sp. isolat SP dengan waktu aplikasi sebelum tanam menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain. Kata kunci: Waktu Aplikasi, Fusarium sp., Streptomyces sp.
PARTISIPASI KELOMPOK WANITA TANI BERKAH MANDIRI DALAM MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DI DUSUN KIRINGAN KELURAHAN CANDEN KECAMATAN JETIS KABUPATEN BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFThis research aims to determine the level and form of participation carried out by the Berkah Mandiri Women's Farmer Group, Dusun Kiringan. This research was carried out from July to September 2023 using a qualitative approach using observation and interview methods (questionnaires), as well as a quantitative approach by measuring data on participation levels and forms of participation categorized using a Likert scale. The Likert scale in this study consists of 3 scale options, namely high, medium and low. The levels of participation are often, ever, and never. Based on the operational definition that has been determined by the researcher, T: High, given a value of 1, S: Medium, given a value of 2, R: Low, given a value of 3. Respondents' answer criteria were divided into: Low = 2.4 – 3, Medium = 1, 7 – 2.3, High = 1 – 1.6. The results of calculations using a Likert scale show that the form of participation of the Berkah Mandiri Women's Farmers Group is in the low category with an average value of 4.41. This shows that group members are less enthusiastic in developing their group to support food security, while the level of participation has an average value of 1. 85 which is included in the medium category. Key-words: form of participations, level of participations, likert scaleINTISARIPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat dan bentuk partisipasi yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok Wanita Tani Berkah Mandiri Dusun Kiringan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai September 2023 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancara (kuesioner), serta pendekatan kuantitatif dengan cara mengukur data tingkat partisipasi dan bentuk partisipasi yang dikategorikan menggunakan skala likert. Skala likert dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 pilihan skala, yaitu tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Adapun tingkat partisipasinya adalah sering, pernah, dan tidak pernah. Berdasarkan definisi operasional yang telah ditetapkan oleh peneliti T : Tinggi, diberi nilai 1, S : Sedang, diberi nilai 2, R : Rendah, diberi nilai 3. Kriteria jawaban responden dibagi menjadi : Rendah = 2,4 – 3, Sedang = 1,7 – 2,3, Tinggi = 1 – 1,6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk partisipasi KWT Berkah Mandiri termasuk kategori rendah dengan nilai rata rata 4,41. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa anggota kelompok masih kurang aktif dalam mencapai tujuan kelompok, yaitu ketahanan pangan keluarga, sedangkan untuk tingkat partisipasinya memiliki nilai rata rata 1,85 yang termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Kata kunci: bentuk partisipasi, skala likert; tingkat partisipas