Materials Engineering - Materiálové inžinierstvo (MEMI - E-Journal)
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PREPARING A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANICAL CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL GLASS
Get PDFPresent study deals with the mesostructure analysis of the structural glass. The subject is about to prepare a comprehensive mechanical analysis, aimed on the understanding of the multiscale mechanical behaviour of soda-lime-silica glass used as an architectural element. After a brief description of the micro and mesostructure of glass we will explain our goals in this analysis. We have divided the glass plate – from a mesoscopic aspect – into three major regions. The first region is the external surface, which is the largest area of a plate. The effect of the surface imperfections is negligible due to a grinded edge finishing, so we considered the second region as the edge. The third region contains the inhomogeneities in the glass material itself. To describe the mesostructure we have done atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micro computed tomography (µCT) scans. We used the AFM to image the surface and the edge and µCT to collect geometrical information from the inhomogeneities. The aim of the overall analysis is to develop a new certification procedure to qualify the structural glass in a mechanical a way
CYCLIC PLASTIC BEHAVIOUR OF UFG COPPER UNDER CONTROLLED STRESS AND STRAIN LOADING
No full textThe influence of stress- and strain-controlled loading on microstructure and cyclic plastic behaviour of ultrafine-grained copper prepared by equal channel angular pressing was examined. The stability of microstructure is a characteristic feature for stress-controlled test whereas grain coarsening and development of bimodal structure was observed after plastic strain-controlled tests. An attempt to explain the observed behaviour was made
KINETICS OF HARDNESS CHANGES DURING AGE-HARDENING OF SILUMIN
No full textSimple phenomenological description of age-hardening kinetics of supersaturated solid solution is presented using the sum of exponential functions with negative arguments containing rate constants, for whose temperature dependence the Arrhenius equation is used. The number of exponentials in the sum is discussed considering sufficiently accurate description as well as the number of distinguishable processes occurred during hardening. Also the limits of this approach are presented. Hardness changes of silumin during age-hardening are used for demonstration of this procedure
PITTING CORROSION OF STAINLESS STEEL AT THE VARIOUS SURFACE TREATMENT
No full textThe stainless steel surface treatment is very important with regard to its pitting corrosion susceptibility. An effect of various types surfacing on pitting corrosion resistance of AISI 304stainless steel is investigated in this work. The samples of the tested material are turned, blasted, peened, grinded and a half of them are pickled to achieve higher purity of surfaces and better quality of passive film. Eight types of different finished surfaces are tested by electrochemical and immersion tests to determine corrosion behaviour in conditions where pitting is evoked by controlled potential and second by solution with high redox potential. By this way the effect of mechanical and chemical surface treatment on the resistance to pitting corrosion, character, size and shape of pits are compared in the conditions of different mechanisms of corrosion process
HIGH STRAIN RATE BEHAVIOUR OF AN AZ31 + 0.5 Ca MAGNESIUM ALLOY
Get PDFThe paper reports behaviour of magnesium alloy AZ31 (nominal composition 3 % Al - 1 % Zn – balance Mg) with an addition of 0.5 wt. % Ca at high strain rates. Samples were prepared by the squeeze cast technology. Dynamic compression Hopkinson tests were performed at room temperature with impact velocities ranging from 11.2 to 21.9 m.s-1. A rapid increase of the flow stress and the strain rate sensitivity was observed at high strain rates. Transmission electron microscopy showed extremely high dislocation density and mechanical twins of two types. Adiabatic shear banding is discussed as the reason for the observed behaviour at high strain rates
EVALUATION OF MICROSTRUCTURAL STABILITY OF DISSIMILAR WELD JOINTS
No full textThe microstructural changes occurring in the weld joint P92/316Ti during his long-term exposure at high temperature were studied. In parallel to experiments were carried out calculations of phase equilibria for the base materials and the weld joint using the ThermoCalc software. Based on the experimental results and computational modeling results were evaluated a microstructural stability and the application of the base materials and the weld joint
INTERNAL FRICTION USE IN MONITORING THE DEGRADATION PROCESSES IN A MATERIAL
No full textDuring the measurement of the fatigue life of material, the specimen undergoes large number of stress cycles. While the observed number of cycles before failure is considered to be the most important result (often the only one), more knowledge can be obtained. Measuring energy consumption of specimen during the cycling, the changes of microstructure of material (especially dislocation structure and crack initialization) can be traced. The evolution of dynamic modulus can be watched on the same equipment. These information becomes very important, especially in the research of gigacycle fatigue strength and fatigue limit below which the continued loading does not lead to structural failure. In this article some remarks on microstructural changes in materials, which can be monitored by nondestructive measurement of internal friction are presented
CORROSION OF COPPER PIPES JOINTS IN SIMULATED OPERATING CONDITIONS
No full textJoining of copper pipes used for liquid media transport are made as demountable and fixation joints. This work deals with corrosion behavior of the joints made by soft soldering, hard soldering and fitting. Corrosion properties of the joints were studied after 11 month exposition in conditions simulated the operating environment. The experiment was made in the 3% NaCl solution, at temperature 20° C for 16 hours and at 80° C for 8 hours per day, the solution was flowing 8 hours by the average rate 0,27 m.s-1. Evaluation of the joints corrosion attacks was made visually, by light and electron microscopy with chemical analyses of corrosion products
ANALYSIS OF CHIP FORMATION DURING HARD TURNING THROUGH ACOUSTIC EMISSION
Get PDFThe paper deals with analysis of chip formation and related aspects of the chip formation during turning hardened steel 100Cr6. The paper draws a comparison of some aspects of the chip formation between turning annealed and hardened roll bearing steel. The results of the analysis show that there is the formation of a segmented chip in the case of hard turning. Frequency of segmentation is very high. A conventional piezoelectric dynamometer limits the frequency response to about 3.5 kHz. On the other hand, the frequency of process fluctuation may by obtained by using accelerometers or acoustic emission. This paper reports about the dynamic character of cutting process when hard turning and correlation among the calculated segmentation frequencies and the experimental analysis
IMPACT STRENGTH AND FAILURE ANALYSIS OF WELDED DAMASCUS STEEL
No full textThe aim of this work was the experimental research of damascus steel from point of view of the structural analyze, impact strength and failure analyzes. The damascus steel was produced by method of forged welding from STN 41 4260 spring steel and STN 41 9312 tool steel. The damascus steel consisted of both 84 and 168 layers. The impact strength was experimentally determined for original steels and damascus steels after heat treatment in dependence on temperature in the range from -60 to 160 °C. It has been found that the impact strength of experimental steels decreased with decreasing temperature behind with correlated change of damage mode. In the case of experimental tests performed at high temperature ductile fracture was revealed and with decreasing temperature proportion of cleavage facets increased. Only the STN 41 9312 steel did not show considerable difference in values of the impact strength with changing temperature