Materials Engineering - Materiálové inžinierstvo (MEMI - E-Journal)
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INTERACTION OF SUB-ZERO PROCESSED Cr-V LEDEBURITIC STEEL WITH ALUMINA, 100Cr6-STEEL AND BRONZE IN DRY SLIDING
Get PDFThe interaction of the Vanadis 6 steel, processed without/with an application of sub-zero treatment, with alumina (hard counterface), 100Cr6-ball bearing steel (counterface of an intermediate hardness) and CuSn6 (soft counterface) has been examined. Obtained results infer that the wear performance against alumina is the best for no-SZT material quenched from higher austenitizing temperature (highest hardness). In dry sliding against 100 Cr6 ball bearing steel, the best wear resistance has been achieved for the material after SZT at -196 oC/10 h. The interaction of Vanadis 6 steel with CuSn6 results in a considerable counterpart material transfer to the samples of Vanadis 6-steel whereas the extent of the transfer is rather independent on both the austenitizing temperature and the SZT parameters, within the range of parameters used for the investigations
Fatigue life analysis of die forged railway axle manufactured from C30 steel
Get PDFWith respect to the manufacturing process, different parts of one structural component can have different fatigue properties. In this study, the fatigue life of a railway axle manufactured from C30 steel by die forging is evaluated in the part of the axle bolster and axle body. According to the fatigue test results obtained at high frequency tension - compression fatigue tests (f ≈ 20 kHz, R = -1, T = 20 ± 5 °C), due to the higher level of work hardening of the axle bolster, the fatigue strength of material in this part is significantly higher than in the axle body. Different fatigue strength of these parts were observed despite the fact, that results of static tensile tests did not proved any important differences in the ultimate tensile strength, yield point and elongation.
DEGRADATION OF CZECHOSLOVAK CREEP RESISTANT STEELS AFTER 50 YEARS OF SERVICE
Get PDFThermally loaded assemblies in the energy and chemical industries require materials that provide the necessary functional characteristics, even after very long periods of operation. For the assessment of these materials are used expression grade of degradation in the basic meaning of the original English word grade = quality grade, Where the degradation is cumulative deterioration of quality (properties) and thereby reduce the utility value. Knowledge of these mechanisms acting simultaneously allows determining the boundary conditions and more efficient utilization of used materials. Alternatively, it may give information to a qualified estimate of the causes of failure. Degradation starts its own production of semi-finished products (purity, structural homogeneity) continues through technological factors of production (welding) and the last part of degradation is during service of the parts (corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, etc.). The aim of this article is at bases information obtained from fifty years of degraded materials to obtain information for more accurate reference catalogue. This catalogue can on bases information obtained from the microstructure and hardness estimate the state of degradation or possible time to rupture for the material
Heat Treatment of Cr- and Cr-V ledeburitic tool steels
Get PDFCr- and Cr-V ledeburitic cold work tool steels belong to the most important tool materials for large series manufacturing. To enable high production stability, the tools must be heat treated before use. This overview paper brings a comprehensive study on the heat treatment of these materials, starting from the soft annealing and finishing with the tempering. Also, it describes the impact of any step of the heat treatment on the most important structural and mechanical characteristics, like the hardness, the toughness and the wear resistance. The widely used AIS D2- steel (conventionally manufactured) and Vanadis 6 (PM) are used as examples in most cases
ANALYSIS DEGRADATION OF POLYSTYRENE WITH MONTMORILLONITE NANOFILLERS
No full textThe paper is focused on the experimental investigation of the montmorillonite nanofillers effect on deformation properties of polystyrene KRASTEN 171. In some cases, combination of a low amount of clay with dispersed polymeric phase may cause synergistic effects leading to very fair balance of mechanical behaviour. This seems to be a consequence of complex influencing the multiphase system by clay such as modification of components (reinforcement) and parameters of the interface accompanied by influencing the dynamic phase behaviour, i.e., the compactibilizing effect. The paper analyses the effect of nanocomposites and type of the material on the individual measured parameters, relations between them, strength and deformation behaviour. Deformation was evaluated by non-contact videoextensometry metho
Influence of process parameters on torsional strength, impact toughness and hardness of dissimilar AISI 304 and AISI 1021 friction welded steels
Get PDFIn this present study an attempt was made to join austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) with low alloy steel (AISI 1021) at different rotational speeds and at different axial pressures and then determining the strength of the joint by means of mechanical properties such as torsional strength, impact strength and micro hardness. The experimental results indicate that the rotational speed and the axial pressure have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the joint and it is possible to improve the quality of the joint by selecting the optimum parameters
The pseudoelasticity and the shape memory effect in CoNiAl alloys
Get PDFThe cobalt alloys (close to the CoNiAl stoichiometry) are the less known shape memory alloys. Such behavior is consequence of the martensitic transformation. The pseudoelasticity is caused by the stress-induced martensitic transformation above the equilibrium martensite start temperature from high temperature cubic phase (austenite) to lower symmetry phase (martensite). In CoNiAl the pseudoelastic behavior can be obtained by the high temperature annealing. In presented work the effect of the annealing temperature on both pseudoelastic behavior and microstructure was investigated
Corrosion resistance of the welded AISI 316L after various surface treatments
Get PDFThe main aim of this work is to monitor the surface treatment impact on the corrosion resistance of the welded stainless steel AISI 316L to local corrosion forms. The excellent corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel is caused by the existence of stable, thin and well adhering passive layer which quality is strongly influenced by welding. Therefore surface treatment of stainless steel is very important with regard to its local corrosion susceptibility Surfaces of welded stainless steel were treated by various mechanical methods (grinding, garnet blasting). Surface properties were studied by SEM, corrosion resistance was evaluated after exposition tests in chlorides environment using weight and metalographic analysis. The experimental outcomes confirmed that the mechanical finishing has a significant effect on the corrosion behavior of welded stainless steel AISI 316L
Investigation of possible causes for appearance of a crack in the welded joint of the ship winch frame
Get PDFShip winches are one of the most important parts of the ship equipment since they perform the most responsible tasks on various ships. In the majority of cases, the ship winches are welded structures. All the necessary calculations according to required standards, that have to be done prior to actual execution of the structure, should also include the verification by the finite elements method. For the high reliability requirements to be met, the welded joints integrity of all the parts must be examined before they are assembled into the winch. After all the tests are conducted and parts are assembled into the winch, the factory acceptance test (FAT) must be done. During those tests all the flaws, which can appear during manufacturing, must show. An appearance of a very unusual crack in the ship winch frame, which happened during the FAT, is described in this paper. The simulation by the finite elements method was performed to obtain the stresses at which the crack appeared. The possible causes for that crack appearance are considered. Some measures for reducing appearance of such cracks to a minimum are proposed, as well as certain directions for further research of this problem.
Modeling the damage of welded steel, using the GTN model
Get PDFThe aim of our work is the modeling of the damage in the weld metal according to the finite element method and the concepts of fracture mechanics based on local approaches using the code ABAQUS calculates. The use of the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model axisymmetric specimens AE type to three different zones (Base metal, molten metal and heat affected Zone) with four levels of triaxiality (AE2, AE4, AE10 and AE80), we have used to model the behavior of damage to welded steel, which is described as being due to the growth and coalescence of cavities with high rates of triaxialit