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Optimising motivation in adventure education and outdoor learning: Insights from the last 20 years of self-determination theory research
No full textThis paper explores the development of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) over the past two decades and its potential contribution to enhancing participation and engagement in adventure education and outdoor learning (AEOL). We examine the theoretical and conceptual advancements within SDT and pinpoint avenues for future exploration in AEOL. In linking SDT with AEOL, we aim to invigorate both fields and stimulate collaborative research. SDT’s focus in understanding human motivation (i.e., competence, autonomy, and relatedness) aligns with the essence of AEOL. Through establishing the distinction between the core constructs of the bright and dark motivational pathways, we address the optimisation of motivation and experiences in AEOL. The increased prominence of the dark pathway, particularly since Wang et al.’s (2004) publication, signifies a pivotal progression in the SDT literature. Moreover, the evolving nature of SDT underscores its adaptability to contemporary complexities in understanding human motivation; solidifying its relevance in ongoing practice and research endeavours
Unpacking adaptation lock-ins: Explaining the persistence of the adaptation gap
No full textClimate change adaptation is increasingly outpaced by accelerating climate risks, resulting in a persistent and widening adaptation gap. Many current interventions remain incremental and insufficient, failing to address the scale of transformation required. We argue that this shortfall is best understood through the concept of adaptation lock-ins—systemic constraints that both cause and result from maladaptation. These lock-ins generate self-reinforcing dynamics that trap institutions and policy systems in established trajectories, hindering more ambitious and forward-looking action. In this paper, we explore how a deeper understanding of lock-ins can help explain enduring adaptation deficits and structural barriers to sustainable change. We also discuss methodological approaches to identifying lock-in mechanisms and show how such insights can be mobilized to inform deliberate ‘unlocking’ strategies that enable more equitable and transformative adaptation pathways and sustainability transformations
Subnational Climate Leadership Dynamics Among Under2 Coalition Members
No full textThis open access book examines climate policy effort among subnational governments participating in the Under2 Coalition. The central research question investigates whether Under2 Coalition founding members demonstrate greater climate policy effort compared to early joiners (2015-2016) and later joiners (post-2016), and whether these performance differences persist over time. The empirical analysis focuses on subnational governments in five countries that played influential roles in founding and developing the Under2 Coalition: Canada, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The study makes three key contributions to climate governance literature. First, it systematically demonstrates how climate policy effort and leadership dynamics evolve within the Under2 Coalition framework. Second, it provides genuinely comparative insights across two dimensions—comparing different membership categories within countries and across nations. Third, it offers a replicable methodological template for expanding this research approach to other contexts. By examining quantifiable indicators including policies, policy instruments, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets, the book provides valuable insights into how multilevel climate governance can be strengthened and sustained over time, bridging theory and practice in understanding subnational climate action
How to manage an overcrowded emergency department waiting room
No full textAs emergency departments (EDs) become increasingly pressured by rising patient numbers, waits for cubicle spaces are also increasing, leading to waiting room overcrowding. Oversight of the waiting room will most often fall to nursing staff. Hospitals may assign dedicated nurses, but due to staffing and budgetary issues the role frequently falls to streaming or triage nurses. Patients in the waiting room may be awaiting assessment or treatment, so present particular risks of deterioration or sudden adverse events. Therefore, understanding how nurses can mitigate potential pitfalls from managing overcrowded waiting rooms is vital for maintaining patient safety
Trusted Evidence, Informed Policies, Higher Impact - Climate Evidence Reviews
Full text linkThis Special Issue presents five reviews of global evidence on topics relevant to climate action in developing countries. The SI presents one standalone evidence gap map on results-based payments and three systematic reviews on: transformational change, coastal and terrestrial water sector interventions, and behavioural science. We also present a realist review on just transition. Each review is accompanied by a companion protocol or approach paper. At a time of declining levels of international aid, the crux of the current climate challenge is to put into play incentives and mechanisms to frontload investments into interventions proven to work across contexts. These five reviews offer trusted evidence for policymakers to consider when setting policy and allocating scarce resources
A cross-sectional study exploring patient experiences, unmet needs and desired support in those with olfactory dysfunction
No full textObjectives: Smell and taste disorders (SATDs) are frequently overlooked despite growing prevalence. They profoundly impact quality of life. Effective therapies for SATDs remain scarce. This survey aimed to assess patient views surrounding the support available at the time of onset of SATDs, and what further support is needed. Design and Setting: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of an online survey circulated via the UK charity SmellTaste (known as Fifth Sense until a rebrand in May 2025), exploring features and impacts of SATDs, and opinions surrounding support available, and any further support felt to be necessary by those formally diagnosed or self-identifying with SATDs. Main Outcomes: Survey questions were grouped largely into the domains of demographics, features of olfactory issues, impact of disorder, and support network. Results: A total of 410 participants completed the questionnaire, with the majority being women. When asked how olfactory dysfunction made participants feel, common responses included: ‘sad’, ‘devastated’, ‘angry’, ‘anxious’, ‘depressed’, ‘isolated’ and ‘grief’. Family was reported as the greatest source of support when diagnosed with SATDs (partner/spouse, 36.4%; other family member, 15.1%) followed closely by SmellTaste (34%). Only 2.5% reported General Practitioners as their greatest source of support, with many participants reporting that primary care providers could not provide adequate help, leaving them to seek advice elsewhere (support groups, family, friends and self-investigation). Further support, covering medical, psychological and social interventions, was considered important. Conclusion: Given the complexity of issues experienced and the lack of formal support available for people with SATDs, there is a clear need for an intervention addressing unmet support needs
Building GenAI Literacy for Institutional Transformation: A Whole-Institution Approach
No full textKühne Logistics University (KLU), a small private institution in Hamburg, launched an institution-wide strategic project in January 2025 to build capacity for working with Generative Artificial Intelligence. Recognizing both the challenges of academic integrity and the opportunities for leadership in logistics and supply chain management, KLU adopted a proactive and integrative approach rather than restrictive policies. The project combined an AI Literacy Roadmap that included an asynchronous course, peer-led Lunch and Learn sessions, and targeted external coaching with a cross-functional working group tasked with developing policies and frameworks. Outcomes included an institution-wide AI framework, revised academic integrity guidance, transparent project approval processes, and the creation of a mandatory undergraduate AI Literacy and Skills course. While gaps remain in student involvement and faculty engagement, the initiative demonstrates how small institutions can leverage their size to adopt agile and inclusive strategies for institution-level staff development and AI integration
The Misinformation Game: The Effectiveness of Analogue Serious Games as an Inoculation Against Misinformation (Doctoral Thesis)
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