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Compositional diversity in pea flour:Effects on functional properties
No full textPeas, recognized for their nutritional richness and sustainability in food systems, are increasingly important for global food security. Although flours vary widely in composition, the effects of starch and protein on their functional properties in food applications remain poorly understood. To investigate this, we strategically selected 30 pea accessions from 265 accessions based on genetic variation and explored how the composition of pea flours relates to their functional properties. Analysis of the flours revealed wide-ranging composition across the accessions, with total starch (29–51 %), protein (22–35 %), amylose (11–25 %) and amylopectin (10–36 %) content on a dry flour basis. Notably, the composition was significantly associated with pea phenotype. Peas with lower total starch and amylopectin levels, along with higher fibre and amylose content, were generally more wrinkled. Protein profiles, assessed through SDS-PAGE, revealed variations in legumin and vicilin content. Peas with lower legumin and higher vicilin and low-molecular-weight pea albumin fractions, such as PA 1 and lectins, were likely to be more wrinkled. Functional assessments highlighted diverse properties linked closely to flour composition. Higher protein content corresponded to lower protein solubility, particularly pronounced in smaller particles where protein-starch/fibre interactions may be enhanced. Thermal sensitivity, assessed by comparing volume changes in pea suspensions before and after heating, expressed as the swelling factor (SF), also differed depending on composition. Flours with lower amylopectin exhibited lower sensitivity and a reduced SF, attributed to lower total starch and legumin levels. Conversely, flours with higher amylopectin content showed higher thermal sensitivity and variable SF, associated with higher total starch and legumin levels. This study reveals the impact of pea composition on functionality, providing insights for utilizing diverse pea varieties in the development of innovative pea-based ingredients.</p
Intraoperative Use of Vasoactive Agents in Non-Cardiac Surgery:Protocol for a Post Hoc Cohort Study
No full textBACKGROUND: Intraoperative hypotension is a well-known clinical condition and often treated with vasoactive agents. Previous cohort studies have indicated that large numbers of patients receive this treatment, but they have been limited to specific surgical populations or single agents. Furthermore, it is unknown which agents are the most frequently used and whether certain patient factors make intraoperative vasoactive treatment more likely. With this study, we aim to describe the proportion of patients receiving intraoperative vasoactive agents and the choice of agent; to highlight patient characteristics associated with the need for treatment and, finally, to describe prevalences of postoperative complications.METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We will conduct a secondary study of the international cohort study 'Vasopressor use after non-cardiac surgery: an international observational study (SQUEEZE)', specifically focusing on intraoperative data from approximately 19,000 adult patients undergoing non-cardiac, non-obstetric, non-transplant surgery as in-patients. Data were collected at each participating site during one consecutive week between October 2020 and October 2023. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients who received intraoperative vasoactive treatment. The secondary outcomes are the proportion of patients receiving each one of the pre-specified agents and the proportion of patients experiencing pre-specified postoperative complications including death and hospital length of stay. We will descriptively present data on the prevalence of intraoperative use of vasoactive agents, the choice of agents, and postoperative complications. We will conduct logistic regression analyses to assess possible associations between baseline variables and use of intraoperative vasoactive therapy.CONCLUSIONS: The outlined study will provide valuable epidemiological data on the intraoperative use of vasoactive agents in adult patients undergoing non-cardiac, non-obstetric, non-transplant surgery.</p
Designing for Health and Learning:Lessons Learned from a Case Study of the Evidence-Based Health Design Process for a Rooftop Garden at a Danish Social and Healthcare School
No full textKlimaændringer bringer nye ukrudtsarter til Danmark
No full textEt varmere klima giver ændrede dyrkningsbetingelser og fører til invitation af nye ukrudtsarter. Allerede i 1992 blev det forudsagt, at vi ville få problemer med hanespore og grøn skærmaks
Somatic stress memory: Investigating the adaptive responses of old and modern wheat genotypes to recurrent combined heat and deficit irrigation stress
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Killer whale movements on the Norwegian shelf are associated with herring density
No full textKiller whales Orcinus orca have a cosmopolitan distribution with a broad diet ranging from fish to marine mammals. In Norway, killer whales are regularly observed feeding on overwintering Norwegian spring-spawning (NSS) herring Clupea harengus inside the fjords. However, their offshore foraging behavior and distribution are less well understood. In particular, it is not known to what degree they rely on the NSS herring stock when the herring move to deeper offshore waters. Satellite telemetry data from 29 male killer whales were analyzed to assess whether their offshore foraging behavior is linked to herring distribution. Unlike most marine predator-prey studies that use indirect proxies for prey abundance and distribution, our study utilized 2 herring density estimates based on (1) direct observations from acoustic trawl survey data and (2) simulations from a fully coupled ecosystem model. Mixed effects models were used to infer the effect of herring density and light intensity on whale movement patterns. Our results suggest that killer whales follow NSS herring over long distances along the coast from their inshore overwintering areas to offshore spawning grounds. All whales changed from fast, directed, to slow, non-directed movement when herring density increased, although individuals had different propensities towards movement. Our data indicated that whales continue to feed on herring along the Norwegian shelf. We conclude that NSS herring constitute an important prey resource for at least some killer whales in the northeastern Atlantic, not only during the herring overwintering period, but also subsequently throughout the herring spawning migration.</p
Superradiance from nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to an ultranarrow optical cavity
No full textNitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been successfully coupled to various optical structures to enhance their radiation by the Purcell effect. The participation of many NV centers in these studies may naturally lead to cooperative emission and superradiance, and our recent experimental study with a diamond membrane in a fiber-based ultranarrow optical cavity demonstrated nonlinear radiation and fast photon bunching as signatures of the collective effects. In this theoretical article, we go beyond the simple model used in the previous study to address more phenomena, such as the appearance of bunching shoulders in second-order correlation function, Rabi splitting in steady-state spectrum, and population dynamics on excited Dicke states, which for moderate pumping explains the observed collective effects. Overall, our results can guide further experiments with NV centers, and they are also relevant for other solid-state color centers, such as silicon-vacancy centers in diamond and silicon carbide, boron-vacancy centers, and carbon-related centers in hexagonal boron nitride.</p
Benchmarking third-order cluster perturbation theory for electronically excited states
No full textIn this study, we investigate the reliability of cluster perturbation (CP) theory applied to the calculation of electronically excited states through a comprehensive benchmark. In CP theory, perturbative corrections are added to the properties of a parent excitation space, which converge toward the properties of a target excitation space. For the CPS(D-n) model, perturbative corrections through order n are added to the coupled cluster singles (CCS) excitation energies to target the coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) excitation energies. Through a comparative analysis of excitation energy calculations across a diverse set of molecules and wavefunction methods, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of the third-order CPS(D) model, CPS(D-3), in calculating excitation energies. Our findings demonstrate that CPS(D-3) is a reliable alternative to established methods, particularly CCSD, while systematically overestimating the excitation energies compared to high-level coupled cluster methods such as CC3. These results highlight the strengths and limitations of CPS(D-3), as well as the promising directions for its future development