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De indiferente a testigo: comprensión de la responsabilidad política del espectador en la masacre de El Naya 2001
No full textFormulación de alternativas para la optimización del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable del municipio de Condoto, Departamento de Choco
No full textEste proyecto plantea formular alternativas para optimizar el sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable en la zona urbana del Municipio de Condoto ubicado en el departamento de Chocó, en pro de mejorar la calidad de vida de la comunidad al disponer de un acueducto que satisfaga sus necesidades básicas.
Por consiguiente, este documento recopila información de visitas técnicas y una importante revisión literaria desde fuentes oficiales, detalles sobre el estado físico actual, ubicación y operación de cada una de las estructuras que conforman el sistema de abastecimiento (captación, conducción, desarenador, planta de tratamiento de agua, tanques de almacenamiento y redes de distribución), además del estudio de demanda de agua que se requiere para abastecer de agua a las personas del municipio
Aplicación de una herramienta metaheurística para la optimización hidrotérmica de mediano plazo, considerando la red de transmisión
No full textEl presente documento describe los resultados del trabajo de grado propuesto, orientado a la implementación de una técnica metaheurística para realizar la optimización de la operación de un sistema eléctrico de potencia, compuesto por centrales hidráulicas y térmicas en el horizonte del mediano plazo, donde se tuvieron en cuenta como parámetros iniciales la capacidad instalada de cada una de las centrales hidráulicas y térmicas, potencias máximas y mínimas de los generadores, caudal máximo, factor de producción y volumen inicial, mínimo y máximo que almacena el embalse y las funciones de costo de operación de las centrales térmicas. La metaheurística propone como individuo el estado de llenado de los embalses, y a partir de las restricciones de balance hídrico, balance de potencia y límites máximos y mínimos de las variables, se encuentran los valores de generación de las plantas, y se evalúa la función de desempeño de la técnica, en términos de la minimización de los costos totales de operación durante el horizonte temporal.
La técnica se implementó sobre un primer sistema en barra única, validando los resultados con una técnica de programación matemática. Posteriormente se adaptó el mismo sistema, a un problema incluyendo la red de transmisión y las restricciones asociadas a la misma. Los resultados obtenidos en precisión y exactitud evidencian que la técnica propuesta es capaz de resolver un despacho hidrotérmico, con errores respecto a las técnicas convencionales, menores al 3%
Factores de deserción de estudiantes en Bogotá debido al Covid -19
No full textEste estudio tiene como objetivo explorar los factores de la deserción de estudiantes para la ciudad de Bogotá debido al Covid-19, con análisis de encuestas a acudientes de los estudiantes, frente al reto de la educación semi virtual y la alternancia. Este estudio investigó el aprendizaje electrónico utilizando la teoría de la brecha digital y revisión de referencias bibliográficas, estos marcos son relevantes debido a la importancia de la información durante la educación semi virtual de los estudiantes en la pandemia.
Esta monografia; Está compuesto por tres secciones. La primera parte es el marco de referencia iniciando con los antecedentes del estudio, presenta el contexto global y colombiano de la pandemia, sus efectos en la educación y el planteamiento del problema y las posibles soluciones, seguido en la segunda parte por la metodología usada, que explica el alcance y las limitaciones de este estudio en términos de recopilación de datos y perspectivas de análisis, finalizando en la tercera parte, con los resultados obtenido referente a los objetivos de la monografía y algunas conclusiones
Hardware-Software Platform for the Development of STEM Skills
No full textRobotics not only play a significant role in medicine, manufacturing, or aerospace industry, but also in education. According to governmental studies carried out in the United States and Europe, careers related to STEM skills like engineering, are constantly increasing worldwide. Due to this, several countries have been implementing STEM education. But, in Colombia this initiative just recently started to take place. Currently, it is possible to find several STEM educational robotic kits on the market such as boost from Lego, Cozmo from Anki, Mbot from Makeblocks and Dash from Make wonder. In this trend, the STEM robotic kit proposed in this document, pretends to be a hardware grounding to implement a whole STEAM program. It intends to encourage children to develop their science, tech, math, and artistic outcomes. Also, the kit offers a differential plus from others because it has two interactive components: an elephant-bot called Eli, a robot easy to assemble inspired in the protection of African elephants; and, an intuitive user interface, called \u27Experiencia Chamali\u27 made up of three modules. The first one consists of assembly the robot, the second one is designed for developing of spatial perception throughout maze challenges, and the last one is made for test the robot\u27s movements live. Two groups of children between 6 and 11 years old tested the robotic platform. During the activity, the groups reinforced STEM skills such as teamwork, communication, and problem-solving as a conclusion of test results. The children divided the assembly of the elephant-bot into several tasks on their initiative to make an agile construction. Also, in the challenge of the labyrinth, they worked collaboratively on the spatial location. Finally, the members of each group worked as a team decorating the physical labyrinth freely and observing the movements of the \u27elephant-bot\u27 in this environment
Survey on Major Worldwide Regulations on Seismic Base Isolation of Buildings
No full textBase isolation solutions are efficient alternatives for seismic protection of buildings and for enhancing resilient capacity. Currently, seismic isolation is focused principally on the critical infrastructure of public health, transportation, education, etc. Despite these considerations, the current worldwide implementation of this technology is still insufficient. A crucial step to be taken into the promotion of any earthquake-resistant construction technique is the development of design codes that, although being inspired in the major international regulations, account for the local seismic effects, among other factors. With the aim of assisting code developers, this work analyzes and compares the code requirements for seismic base isolation in Japan, China, Russia, Italy, USA, and Chile. Two prototype seismically isolated hospital buildings located in high and medium seismicity zones (Los Angeles and New Mexico, respectively) were analyzed and designed with the examined codes. It is concluded that there are high differences among some of their requirements even though the technology used is the same
Caudal vena cava thrombosis syndrome (CVCT) in a Holstein cow: case report
No full textA case of caudal vena cava thrombosis is reported in an 8-year-old Holstein cow from a herd in Sopo, Cundinamarca, Colombia. The patient presented haemoptysis, epistaxis, cough and ruminal hypomotility. A blood count, blood chemistry, stool analysis and transthoracic ultrasound were performed and a presumptive diagnosis of caudal vena cava thrombosis syndrome (CVCT) was given. The prognosis was bad. The cow remained in hospital for 27 days, dying of acute haemoptysis and suffocation. Necropsy was performed and CCTV confirmed. Hepatic abscesses and septic thromboembolism were evidenced in the portal circulation, in the vena cava and at the pulmonary level, with chronic suppurative pneumonia and an extensive clot at the level of the trachea
One health: a comprehensive approach to improve prevention and control strategies in Leptospirosis
No full textLeptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by Leptospira spp., a spirochete that presents serovars diversity, whose prevalence, mode of transmission and circulation depend on the ecology and complex interrelation between humans, animals, and the environment in which they coexist. In animals, it affects reproduction causing economic losses and in terms of the environment, the evidence is limited. However, the survival of the bacteria is water favors; is for this, cases of leptospirosis increase with floods and rainfall. Despite its global distribution, epidemic potential, high human mortality rate, and socioeconomic burden, this zoonosis is neglected. Furthermore, worldwide zoonoses prioritization exercises based on the impact on agriculture, human and animal health have led to leptospirosis ranking among the most important zoonoses associated with poverty. This situation reflects the need for an integral management from the regulatory institutions of human, animal, and environmental health; but one main barrier of intersectionality is how the administration is designed for these events control. The current structures lead us to reflect and tend towards a holistic approach, seeking new forms of organization, new strategies to study, control and treat leptospirosis, the control of which is the responsibility of different sectors and disciplines. The comprehensive management of leptospirosis implies a higher level of understanding of the agent and of the biological, socioeconomic, and cultural risk factors in the regions and from a practical perspective, it is necessary to promote joint work initiatives; as well as present evidence of the need for work from a one health perspective for a zoonosis that has become an emerging problem in public health
Aspirations, inequality, and behavioral change: evidence from Colombia
No full textIn this article, I analyze why inequality can discourage investment. I derive my hypothesis from the theory of aspirations as a reference point. A more significant aspiration gap–the distance between the current state and the aspired state–leads to frustration and fewer incentives to invest. In study I, I use data from a longitudinal panel, exploiting environmental shocks to identify a plausibly exogenous source of variation for inequality. I combine it with an indirect measurement of aspirations using data on wealth, computed for the plausible reference group, defined as cells within the population, sharing similar observable characteristics. Finally, I use the variation in the total debt as the outcome variable. In study II, I use data from a specialized survey where shocks and aspirations are directly measured. I look at total debt as the outcome. Although the two tests are only partially conclusive, the evidence aligns with the central hypothesis