University of Windsor, Ontario: Open Journal Systems
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If Not Now, When? A Call to End Social Work’s Tolerance of White Supremacy in the Academy
No full textDespite ethical responsibilities to dismantle systems of oppression, White supremacy ideologies and practices are still inundated in social work academe to the detriment of Black, Indigenous, Latino, and Persons of Color (BILPOC) communities and faculty dedicated to teaching the next generation of critical scholars, activists, and clinicians. Four themes are introduced to exemplify how the academy remains overpowered by the need to sustain the status quo of White power. In the first theme, social work’s long-standing history of omitting BILPOC experiences in curricula is discussed. The second theme characterizes social work’s legacy of omission via inaction to address unjust governmental practices at the U.S. Southern border, thereby perpetuating the cycle of White power. Cementing these positions, we shift the discussion to the inherent pressures within the academy that prizes productivity above all else, perpetuating the culture of White supremacy. In turn, spaces to engage in creative thinking and teaching to dismantle systems of oppressions are limited. Lastly, we discuss the increasing pressure to produce “eurocentric” rigorous scientific knowledge takes precedence at a time when we must place equity and fairness on equal footing. For each of these four themes, we offer suggestions for how to create spaces for racial reconciliation, healing, and equality
Resisting Recovery Rhetoric: A Critical Discourse Analysis and Counter Perspectives from People With Substance Use Issues in Rural Ontario
No full textThe recovery concept informs research, policies, and practices related to mental health and substance use in Canada, which has consequences for people with substance use issues in rural areas. Although recovery is espoused as a personal journey with no “right” approach, dominant representations of recovery permeate public and private minds to (re)produce an ideal presumably urban-centered recovery, which may stigmatize people in rural communities. This qualitative, exploratory study draws on Foucauldian and intersectionality principles to examine power relations embedded in recovery discourse. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) using van Dijk’s Sociocognitive Approach (SCA) is applied to 40 semi-structured interviews with people who experience substance use issues in rural Ontario. Findings indicate that although dominant assumptions of substance use recovery are reinforced by people with lived experience in rural spaces, they are also rejected and resisted in ways that expose oppression, counter dominance, and promote more equitable alternatives
Did Canada Save British Baseball?
No full textCanadian military baseball in the Great War has often been relegated to a footnote in British Baseballhistory. Yet more baseball was played, in more places by more people, than at any other time in the game’s historyin Britain. The conventional reading of British Baseball history is one of continuous struggle and failure, withonly brief periods of potential growth. The paucity of research into the impact and legacy of military baseballhas overlooked the Canadian contribution to the game, which this article argues prevented its terminal decline,and it proposes that sources now available justify a re-evaluation.Le baseball militaire canadien pendant la Grande Guerre est souvent relégué à une note de bas depage dans l’histoire du baseball britannique. Toutefois, plus de baseball a alors été joué, dans plus d’endroits etpar plus de personnes, qu’à tout autre moment de l’histoire de ce sport en Grande-Bretagne. L’interprétationconventionnelle de l’histoire du baseball britannique en est une de luttes et d’échecs avec de brèves périodesde croissance potentielle. En raison du manque de recherche sur l’impact et l’héritage du baseball militaire, lacontribution canadienne à ce sport a été négligée. À l’aide de sources nouvellement disponibles, cet article proposeune réévaluation de cette histoire
Note: The Difficulties of Extradition From New Zealand to China: Minister of Justice v Kyung Yup Kim
No full textIn all extradition decisions, two competing values must be weighed: the desire to return criminals to face justice for alleged crimes; and the need to protect fundamental human rights such as freedom from torture and the right to a fair trial. Two approaches to extradition have emerged in modern extradition cases – the broad, systems-based approach, which prioritizes human rights concerns, and the narrow, individualizing approach, which prioritizes effective return. New Zealand’s Supreme Court has recently grappled with this balancing act in the 2021 decision of Minister of Justice v Kyung Yup Kim, a judicial review proceeding in which an individual challenged the decision to extradite him to China. The Supreme Court found that assurances were capable of meeting a risk of torture, and that provided further assurances were sought, they could also be capable of meeting the risk of an unfair trial. The decision of the Supreme Court can be contrasted to that of New Zealand’s Court of Appeal, which had held that before accepting assurances relating to human rights issues, a preliminary inquiry should be undertaken into the human rights conditions in the requesting state. The Supreme Court held that such a preliminary question was unnecessary. This case note discusses the approaches of both the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court and concludes that the Supreme Court has taken a narrower individualized approach
Enduring Effects: Name Mispronunciation and/or Change in Early School Experiences
No full textA person’s name(s) is typically tied to their family, culture, and sense of identity. Consequently, when a child’s name is inaccurately pronounced, altered, or avoided, a host of adverse consequences may transpire. Although seemingly innocuous, this necessitates attention, as name mispronunciation and change perpetuate microaggressions ubiquitous for marginalized populations, often in school contexts. In reflection of this, an Intrinsic Case Study, underpinned by a Social Constructivist Philosophical paradigm, was conducted to assemble the experiences of three adults in Ontario, Canada, who had their names mispronounced or changed in early educational experiences. The findings of this research signify that name mispronunciation and modification are pervasive and that teachers are often central contributors to this phenomenon. Moreover, findings denote that discord between one’s identity and cultural self is affiliated with name-orientated microaggressions. Participants of this study beseech teachers to denounce insensitive practices by pledging to accurately pronounce and honour each child’s name and in so doing engender more favourable longitudinal outcomes
Responding to Gut Issues: Insights from Disability Theory
No full text“Gut issues” refers to any condition that affects our digestive systems and causes pain or discomfort. The term points to the experience of our gut being an issue for us – interfering with our plans, undermining our bodily self-control, threatening our well-being. This paper aims to do three things: (1) introduce and justify a disability theory approach to gut issues; (2) use this lens to argue that the experience of gut issues has a social and relational dimension that could be otherwise, and (3) argue for a shared responsibility to ameliorate this dimension.
 
Incomplete Justice: The Costs of Partial Indemnity
No full textIn the mid-twentieth century, Ontario abandoned a simple, full indemnity costs rule in favour of a discretionary, partial indemnity costs regime with hundreds of sub-rules. This article argues that this was a mistake. Partial indemnity has no doctrinal, principled, or practical benefits that cannot be incorporated into a full costs regime. Additionally, partial indemnity carries significant costs to access to justice. Instead, this article proposes a costs regime that incorporates the best features of both the old rule and the new regime. In brief, it proposes a full indemnity rule; capped at the losing party’s costs; with exceptions for divided success, impecuniosity, and public interest cases; and discretionary fines for engaging in misconduct or dilatory tactics. Collectively, these rules would advance access to justice more than the existing costs regime.Au milieu du vingtième siècle, l’Ontario a abandonné la règle simple de l’indemnisation complète des dépens en faveur d’un régime discrétionnaire fondé sur l’indemnisation partielle des dépens et comportant des centaines de sous-règles. Le présent article fait valoir qu’il s’agissait d’une erreur. L’indemnisation partielle ne présente aucun avantage doctrinal, fondé sur des principes ou pratique qui ne puisse être intégré à un régime d’indemnisation complète des dépens. De plus, l’indemnisation partielle entraîne des coûts importants pour l’accès à la justice. Le présent article propose plutôt un régime d’indemnisation des dépens comprenant les meilleures caractéristiques de l’ancienne règle et du nouveau régime. Bref, il propose une règle d’indemnisation complète des dépens, plafonnés aux dépens de la partie qui succombe, avec des exceptions en cas de succès partagé ou d’indigence et dans les affaires d’intérêt public; il propose également des amendes discrétionnaires pour inconduite ou tactiques dilatoires. Collectivement, ces règles amélioreraient l’accès à la justice davantage que l’actuel régime d’indemnisation des dépens
Un Réseau de Schémas d\u27Argumentation et de Questions Critiques
No full textIn this paper, we devise a network that consists of argumentation schemes and critical questions that participants in debates can use to easily construct arguments that attack or support former arguments. As a prototype, we build a potential network of argumentation schemes and critical questions with a practical reasoning scheme at its center. The usefulness of a NASCQ in constructing and reconstructing complex arguments and in formal argumentation is also explored along with argumentation more broadly.Dans cet article, nous concevons un réseau composé de schémas d\u27argumentation et de questions critiques que les participants aux débats peuvent utiliser pour construire facilement des arguments qui attaquent ou soutiennent d\u27anciens arguments. En tant que prototype, nous construisons un réseau potentiel de schémas d\u27argumentation et de questions critiques avec un schéma de raisonnement pratique en son centre. Nous explorons l\u27utilité d\u27un NASCQ dans la construction et la reconstruction d\u27arguments complexes, dans l\u27argumentation formelle et également dans l\u27argumentation en général
The Influence of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Canadian Jurisprudence in the First Decade Since its Ratification
No full textCanada’s ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities [CRPD]in 2010 was met with hope and excitement that it would lead to much-needed improvements in equality, inclusion and accessibility for persons with disabilities in Canada. This paper explores the impact the CRPD has had on Canadian jurisprudence in the decade since Canada ratified the treaty. Our analysis of the jurisprudence indicates that Canadian courts and tribunals have employed a variety of approaches to the CRPD, for which we provide illustrative examples. Overall, the CRPD has impacted the reasoning or outcome in a small number of cases, but has not exerted great influence in Canadian jurisprudence to date. Despite this limited impact, a number of emerging factors suggest that the CRPD may well become more influential in Canadian jurisprudence in the future.La ratification par le Canada de la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées [CRDPH] des Nations Unies en 2010 a été accueillie avec joie, d’aucuns nourrissant l’espoir qu’elle mène à des améliorations plus que nécessaires en matière d’égalité, d’inclusion et d’accessibilité pour les personnes handicapées au Canada. Cet article traite des répercussions qu’a eues la CRDPH sur la jurisprudence canadienne au cours de la décennie qui a suivi la ratification de cette convention par le Canada. Selon notre analyse de la jurisprudence, les tribunaux judiciaires et administratifs du Canada ont adopté différentes approches, dont nous donnons des exemples, à l’égard de la CRDPH. Dans l’ensemble, la CRDPH a eu des incidences sur le raisonnement suivi ou le résultat obtenu dans quelques affaires, mais son influence sur la jurisprudence canadienne a été minime jusqu’à maintenant. Cependant, certains facteurs émergents donnent à penser que cette influence pourrait bien grandir avec le temps
The Three-Legged Stool of Voter Engagement: Social Work’s Role in Mobilizing the Vote Among Marginalized Communities
No full textDisparities in voter turnout have increased significantly over the past four decades. Members of historically oppressed groups, those who are low-income, and or who have lower levels of education vote at significantly lower rates than white, wealthy and or more educated community members. These disparities correlate directly to political power and the eventual allocation of resources by elected officials. Therefore, eliminating these disparities through targeted voter engagement with client groups is particularly important for the profession of social work. This article describes the conceptualization of voter engagement as a three-legged stool, consisting of voter registration, regular voting, and basing voting decisions on self-interest.Without attention to all three legs, the potential for generating political power collapses, resulting in minimal influence on elected officials