University of Windsor, Ontario: Open Journal Systems
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Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Post-Secondary Science Classrooms
No full textAs students enter post-secondary school and begin their program of choice, they will encounter individuals that have different backgrounds, views, cultures, and socio-economic statuses. Equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) are important aspects to consider within the classroom as each student is unique. This study intends to provide insight into the thoughts instructors and students have about EDI within the classroom, such as teaching materials, assessments, and pedagogy/instruction. As a method of data collection, semi-structured interviews will be conducted, transcribed, and categorized into themes to be analyzed. Since many instructors are moving away from the traditional methods of lecturing and into a more active learning environment, the relationship between students, their peers, and instructors becomes more prevalent
More Than Language: The Learning Experience of Chinese International English Language Learners (ELLs) at a Canadian University
No full textThis study examines the learning experience of Chinese international undergraduate students taking a large core first-year anthropological science course (ANT101) by distance learning during the Winter of 2021 at the University of Toronto Mississauga (UTM). By analyzing qualitative and quantitative data collected from self-report pre- and post- course surveys (n=587), we review the general learning experience of Chinese international students (n=30) in comparison to other international students (n=34) and domestic students (n=523). Our study shows support, but at the same time undermines some prevailing notions about Chinese international student experiences of studying in Western universities. Our data suggests that while many Chinese international students may feel a lack of English language proficiency is a barrier to their learning, it does not significantly impact their performance when compared with domestic students. The preliminary results suggest that educational research and policy makers should move beyond a focus on language proficiency and examine the role of other factors when developing strategies to facilitate supportive learning environments for English Language learners (ELL) and international students in a university setting
Adapting the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire for a Writing and Communication Program
No full textIntegrating educational assessment tools such as the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) into university classrooms can help students and faculty gain insight into areas of strength and challenge for students. The present study adapted and integrated the MSLQ into a set of first-year communication courses for Faculty of Arts students at the University of Waterloo. This adaptation allowed us to better situate the scale within the writing and communication course context. Through exploratory and confirmatory analysis, a shortened questionnaire (MSLQ-AF) with 6 subscales (motivation, academic self-confidence, performance anxiety, critical thinking, planning for optimal learning, and peer learning) was created. MSLQ-AF proved to have stable factor structure, adequate and stable internal consistency, and construct validity (correlation with grades), when assessed across four samples spanning four university terms. We discuss the role of this new scale in helping students transition into university
An Open Education Journey: Connecting Student Affordability with Pedagogical Enhancement
No full textProviding educational resources without burdening students financially is considered higher education’s moral and sensible mission (Farrow, 2016). The financial burden of one or multiple textbooks can produce a great deal of stress on students, especially if the textbooks do not fulfill students’ needs in satisfying learning objectives. We attempted to bridge this digital divide by connecting student affordability with pedagogical enhancement to increase teaching impact on students’ learning. This essay will discuss the experiential understanding of student affordability, how teaching and learning can be improved by using Open Educational Resources (OER), and the team dynamic that developed while creating an OER for an undergraduate education course
Centering Anti-Racism in Social Work Education: Integration of Critical Race Theory Across an MSW Curriculum
No full textRanging from a multicultural approach to models of cultural sensitivity and cultural competency, social work education has historically avoided challenging the power of racism in shaping inequity in the United States. We argue that integrating critical race theory (CRT) in social work education decenters whiteness, counters color-evasive racism in education, and centers anti-racist ideas and practices. CRT provides social work educators with a framework that explicitly addresses race and racism while challenging social work students to self-reflect critically on their own experiences with privilege and oppression. Further, it enables social work students and practitioners to analyze race and other systems of oppression structurally. This manuscript offers an overview of how CRT is integrated across an MSW curriculum to better prepare social work students to engage in anti-racist social work practice. We describe specific examples of how CRT is infused into the curriculum in theory and practice courses. We conclude with an acknowledgment that CRT is not without limitations and call for more empirical research that assesses the effectiveness of CRT’s application to social work praxis
Preface to Canadian Journal of Practical Philosophy (CJPP), Volume 10, 2023: Eclectic Topics in Practical Philosophy 2: Issues and Perspectives
No full textIn this Volume, we are pleased to present a sequel to Volume 9, “Eclectic Topics in Practical Philosophy: Issues and Perspectives” (2023).
Volume 10 contains two special papers: 1) “Ultimate Integrity” by Christopher M. Maier and “The State of Court Administration in Ontario: A Preliminary Analysis of the Post-COVID Environment in the Ontario Court of Justice,” by Bruce Preston.
In the first paper, Christopher Maier argues that unlimited liability (UL), a pillar of the ethos of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) which obligates service members to accept as legally binding orders that may result in their death, is problematic and needs to be replaced by an alternate notion: ultimate integrity (UI). At worse, UL provides reasons for actions through veiled threats. At best, UL is unexceptional and unhelpful because it pushes service members to make rational, outcome-based decisions from a personal point of view. An ethos based on UI is more appropriate to the CAF, the first principle of which is to ‘respect the dignity of all persons,’ and better corresponds
with deeply held beliefs about the nobility of military sacrifice. The paper concludes by recommending that UI replace UL as a mainstay of CAF ethics.
In the second paper, Bruce Preston argues that the delay and backlog with which Canadian courts have been struggling for decades, became worse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Now that the pandemic has been declared over, we have an opportunity to take stock of where things stand. Focusing on the Ontario Court of Justice, and the decision of R. v C.L., this paper argues that judges are doing all they can under the circumstances to facilitate the disposition of cases. Any improvement to current conditions will require a renewed discussion of alternate models of court administration and judicial independence. The paper concludes that it is time to take a fresh look at the recommendations of Jules Deschênes’ and Carl Baar’s Masters in Their Own House (1981) and the Canadian Judicial Council’s Administering Justice for the Public (2007).
These papers are special by virtue of their topics and the respective contributions they make to practical philosophy
Are Fallacies Frequent ?
No full textThis paper provides methodological tools and considers the reasons why it is difficult to address the controversial question, “Are fallacies frequent?” After preliminary remarks on the need to clarify the meaning of both ‘fallacy’ and ‘frequency,’ this paper shows that the emphasis on whether fallacies occur frequently is recent and bound to contemporary definitions that make it a necessary condition. Then, it discusses three different, debated empirical approaches that are intended to support the claim that fallacies are frequent. All of them raise doubts or objections or are even controversial from a methodological point of view. Ultimately, more empirical research is needed to answer this question.Cet article fournit des outils méthodologiques et envisage les raisons rendant difficile de traiter la question controversée : « Les sophismes sont-ils fréquents ? » Après des préliminaires sur la nécessité de clarifier la signification de ’sophisme ‘ comme celle de ‘fréquence’, il montre que l’insistance sur le thème de la fréquence d’occurrence des sophismes est récente et liée à des définitions contemporaines en faisant une condition nécessaire. Il discute ensuite trois approches différentes, controversées, censées étayer la thèse de la fréquence des sophismes. Or, toutes soulèvent doutes ou objections ou s’avèrent controversées d’un point de vue méthodologique. Finalement, un complément d’enquête empirique est attendu pour répondre à la question
Corporate Liability within the IACC Framework: A Proposal for Enhanced Corporate Accountability
No full textThe current proposal for an International Anti-Corruption Court (IACC) provides a much-needed opportunity to assess the current state of global anti-corruption efforts and explore opportunities to enhance the legal mechanisms to combat grand corruption and the harms that it generates. An important element of the corruption equation is the role of corporations as suppliers of bribes to corrupt officials and kleptocrats. These corporations profit from continued public sector corruption and need to be held accountable for their role in contributing to corruption on a grand and global scale. This article argues that the proposal for an IACC should include liability for legal persons (corporations), to strengthen the existing anti-corruption framework and support the emerging norm of corporate responsibility for contributing to crimes with global scope and impact. The article begins with a brief reviewing the proposal by Wolf, Goldstone and Rotberg for the development of an IACC. It then goes on to emphasis the role played by corporations in contributing to grand corruption, making the argument that ignoring their role weakens the potential for the proposed court to achieve its ambitious goals. Following this, the article surveys the existing approaches to corporate liability for bribery, under international and domestic legal frameworks. It then presents possible avenues for inclusion of corporate liability within IACC, noting some of the key challenges including establishing a model for attributing corporate fault and ensuring the operation of the complementarity principle. The goal of the article is to provide a jumping off point for the exploration of corporate liability under international law, arguing that corruption and the development of an IACC provides the perfect opportunity to expand the scope of corporate liability and harden the mechanisms of corporate accountability at the international level
Before the Birth of Bioethics: The Shaping of Physicians’ Ethics in Canada, 1940-1970
No full textStudents who study bioethics today usually learn very little about the medical ethics of physicians prior to the 1970’s. The practices of earlier physicians are often characterized as being paternalistic and lacking in respect for patient autonomy and justice. Yet just as the emergence of bioethics was shaped by social context, so was the medical ethics that preceded it.
This paper is a work in “descriptive ethics,” which explores the de facto morality of physicians roughly between 1940 and 1970. De facto morality refers to the profession’s officially endorsed standards as stated in its codes of ethics and related documents, the beliefs held by most physicians about the moral issues in medicine, and the patterns of morally relevant conduct practiced by most physicians