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Roles of attachment and self-esteem: impact of early life stress on depressive symptoms among Japanese institutionalized children
No full texthild maltreatment increases the risk for psychiatric disorders throughout childhood and into adulthood. One negative outcome of child maltreatment can be a disorder of emotional functioning, reactive attachment disorder (RAD), where the child displays wary, watchful, and emotionally withdrawn behaviours. Despiteits clinical importance, little is known about the potential neurobiological consequences of RAD. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether RAD was associated with alterations in grey matter volume (GMV). High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging datasets were obtained for children and adolescents with RAD(n = 21; mean age = 12.76 years) and typically developing (TD) control subjects (n = 22; mean age =12.95 years). Using awhole-brain voxel-based morphometry approach, structural images were analysed controlling for age, gender, full scale intelligence quotient, and total brain volume. The GMVwas significantly reduced by 20.6% in the left primary visual cortex (Brodmann area 17) of the RAD group compared to the TD group (p=.038, family-wise error-corrected cluster level). This GMV reduction was related to an internalising problem measure of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. The visual cortex has been viewed as part of the neurocircuit regulating the stress response to emotional visual images. Combinedwith previous studies of adultswith childhood maltreatment, early adverse experience (e.g. sensory deprivation) may affect the development of the primary visual system, reflecting in the size of the visual cortex in children and adolescents with RAD. These visual cortex GMV abnormalities may also be associated with the visual emotion regulation impairments of RAD, leading to an increased risk for later psychopathology
急性期病棟看護師の高次脳機能障害に対する認識～質問紙調査報告～
No full text要旨:【目的】脳卒中を看護する急性期病棟勤務の看護師に対し、高次脳機能障害に関する知識を調査すること。【研究対象と方法】A病院脳神経センター(急性期)勤務の看護師24名に対し高次脳機能障害に関する質問紙を用いた調査を行った。質問紙の内容は、①自己学習の有無･方法、②脳部位、③症状、④抱くイメージ、⑤対応とし、②③④については自己学習の有無で回答を比較した。【結果】自己学習を行っているものは43％で、書籍やインターネットによるものが多かった。部位は「前頭葉」、「側頭葉」、「頭頂葉」の回答が、症状は「記憶障害」、「注意障害」、「遂行機能障害」、「社会的行動障害」、「失語」、「失行」、「失認」の回答が、イメージは「物が覚えられない」、「集中力がない」、「病識がない」の回答が多かった。尚、症状の「半側空間無視」のみで、自己学習なしに対し自己学習ありで有意に回答が多かった。【考察】今後は看護師に対する教育内容、教育方法を見直した上で、自己学習法についても検討していく必要がある
A developmental study of coloring materials to enhance the children's safety awareness
No full text子どもの事故防止策を構築するために，現職の保育・幼児教育者95 名から得た事故直前のヒヤリハッ
ト場面を要約整理し，40 場面の描画を塗り絵教材用として作成した．そして，それを別の保育・教育
現職者123 名に依頼し，どれが適切であるかの判断を求めた．同時に，その描画を使って安全指導を
する時の解説用シナリオの作成も依頼した．選択回答の多かった上位11 場面について，得られた解説
用シナリオの内容の特徴を検討しながらプロトタイプを抽出して，塗り絵教材としての可能性を探求
した
Seismic Performance Evaluation of Traditional Wooden Farmhouse in Ikeda of Fukui Prefecture
No full textThis study is planed to confirm the seismic performance for existing traditional wooden house in Fukui prefecture.From structural detail observation of a wooden farmhouse in Ikeda, the structure characteristics, the distribution of the seismic structure elements and the aging degradation are clarified. Based on the seismic diagnostic method, the required seismic force and the holding horizontal load-carrying capacity of the surveyed traditional wooden house are evaluated and the seismic performances are estimated
The Large Green Wall Cultivation and the Cool Breeze Effect
No full textIn recent years, many green walls are cultivated in Japan. In this study, a large-scale green wall of width 18m and height 10m was cultivated. The cool breeze effect by the large-scale green wall was estimated from photo which were taken with a fixed point web camera, at room temperature, and 1 day watering amount. The results showed the largescale green wall has a cool breeze effect of 2°C. Moreover, the water consumption increased with the large-scale green wall growth, and it was in inverse proportion to the humidity. Additionally, the water consumption increased with the hours of sunshine and the temperature
Effects of the Degree and Condition of Knee Pain on the Activities of Daily Living in Elderly Females
No full textThis study aimed to examine the differences in the activities of daily living (ADL) among the female elderly without knee pain (G1), with mild knee pain (G2), and with severe knee pain (G3). Our results demonstrated that ascending and descending stairs was inferior in the following order: G3 group > G2 group > G1 group. The G2 and G3 groups were inferior in sitting up to the G1 group. The G3 group was inferior in dressing while standing to the G1 and G2 groups. The G3 group was inferior in running, jumping across a ditch, standing within a bus or train, rolling up and putting away bedding, and rising from kneeling to the G1 group. In conclusion, female elderly with severe knee pain are inferior in ADLs that required movement of the knee joint such as locomotion, posture-change, and stability. In addition, it was judged that the female elderly with mild knee pain are inferior in the achievement of “ascending and descending the stairs” and “rising from kneeling.
