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Anxiety, Depression, and Peer Support in Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth
No full textTransgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) youth experience higher rates of depression, anxiety, rejection, neglect, and bullying than cisgender youth. Research has shown that peer relationships are crucial to adolescents’ mental health (La Greca & Harrison, 2005). However, there is limited research regarding the impact of peer support systems on the mental health of TGNC youths. The aim of this study was to explore the possible impacts of TGNC youths’ peer relationships on several mental health variables for this vulnerable population. Ninety-two TGNC youth participants (ages 14-17), recruited through social media platforms (i.e., Tumblr, Twitter, Facebook, and Reddit), anonymously completed an online self-report questionnaire about peer support, anxiety, and depression factors (Interpersonal Support Evaluation, Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Peer Version, SCARED, and PHQ-A). Peer support was found to significantly predict mental health outcomes. Specifically alienation and belonging significantly predicted overall depression symptoms. Aspects of peer support measures were correlated with symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder and significant school avoidance. Mental health outcomes were found to be significantly predicted by peer support. Based on the findings, it is critical for TGNC youths to have positive peer relationships in which they feel connected to and supported by their peers; and free from alienation and further stigmatization. Results also suggest that TGNC youths do not currently view the majority of their peer relationships as having the level of communication, trust, and in person support that they would like. Intervention and prevention programs for TGNC youths should emphasize the creation and cultivation of positive peer relationships to reduce overall negative mental health symptoms and improve quality of life for TGNC youths
Do College Freshman Engage in Healthy Weight Maintenance Behaviors? An Examination of Lifestyle Behaviors in The Transition from High School to College
No full textRates of overweight and obesity are high, considered a world-wide public health concern, and are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health costs (Cawley & Meyerhoefer, 2012; Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). While behavioral weight loss (WL) has been extensively studied (Wadden et al., 2011), successful weight loss maintenance (WLM) and weight maintenance (WM) in general, are areas in need of further investigation. Research examining WM seems important, given the possible preventive value. Behavioral strategies that appear to contribute to successful WLM include eating a diet low in fat and caloric value, monitoring weight and dietary intake regularly, engaging in high levels of physical activity, daily consumption of breakfast, limiting screen time, and consistently sustaining behavioral changes (Thomas, Bond, Phelan, Hill, & Wing, 2014; Wing et al. 2015; Wing & Hill, 2001). Investigating the presence of these behavioral strategies among a young adult college population is of interest as this is a transitional period during which young people often make significant lifestyle changes that can impact health and these changes may persist in later adulthood. It is also a period associated with higher incidence of undesired weight gain (Anderson, Shapiro, & Lundgren, 2003; Holm-Denoma, Joiner, & Vohs, 2008; Levitsky, Halbmaier, & Mrdjenovic, 2004). This study examined the extent to which college freshmen engaged in behaviors identified as strategies associated with successful WLM and WM. In addition, we explored whether college students reported a change in lifestyle behaviors between spring of senior year in high school and fall of their freshman year of college. A total of 27 college freshmen participated in this study. It was hypothesized participants would report undesired weight gain and detrimental changes in behaviors from senior year of high school to freshman year of college. Results of the study were mixed, and interesting findings emerged regarding the lifestyle behaviors of participants
The Use of Exposure Therapy for Patients with PTSD or a History of Trauma
No full textDespite popular clinician opinion to the possible harmful effects of exposure therapy, research has continued to support the use of exposure therapy for patients with PTSD or a history of trauma. This study utilizes empirical studies of exposure therapy and those diagnosed with PTSD to analyze the rate of participant attrition and adverse events. Similarly, it utilizes small semi-structured interviews with clinicians in 2 county areas within Oregon to determine how often clinicians who specialize in trauma or PTSD are using exposure therapy in their practice. Results showed that, out of 19 research studies or meta-analyses included, an attrition rate of 0-54% was found, with only 4 of these studies showing an attrition rate of less than 17%. One study was conducted in a clinical setting that found only 32 of 115 participants completed treatment, garnering a success or completion rate of under 28%. The majority of these patients (58%) dropped out of treatment after receiving information about how exposure therapy would work; of the remaining 48 patients willing to participate, 28% dropped out before completing treatment. Clinician interviews illustrated that negative perceptions of exposure therapy made clinicians hesitant to utilize this treatment with their patients. Clinicians argued that exposure therapy could retraumatize patients, cause an increase in symptomatology, cause serious adverse events in patients, and increase patient withdrawal from treatment
Impact of Credential Inflation on Healthcare Practice
No full textCredential inflation refers to a decline in value of earned degrees. It exists throughout many fields and is evident through job requirements that once required a lower degree or certificate that now necessitate an advanced degree. In healthcare professions, credential inflation is visible through the increase in entry-level degree requirements for several fields, such as occupational therapy, physical therapy, pharmacy, and audiology. These professions once required a Bachelors degree to enter the field, then a Masters degree, and will soon require a Doctorate for entry-level practice, if not already a requisite. Providing the best and most ethical care to patients is the utmost importance to me and I wonder if credential inflation inhibits or promotes this endeavor. Credential inflation impacts education, yet more research is needed to objectively determine the extent this applies to healthcare practices rather than broad anecdotal theories. Current research indicates credential inflation leads to increased cost of education, decreased access to education, and a shortage of qualified instructors. Potential research methodology may include examining phenomenology through assessment of healthcare professionals’ lived experiences, differences of nurturing professional growth, analyzing application and admission criteria to allied health professional schools, and examine healthcare provider burnout. Conclusions predicted: poor returns on financial investments for clinical doctorates, decrease diversity among future providers, and nurturing professional growth among institutions will be paramount for facilitating innovative providers
Blood Glucose Log 4x/Day with Carbs, Snacks and Insulin - Spanish
Get PDFA log for a patient to record 4 times/day his/her blood glucose levels, carbohydrates and snacks consumed and their insulin amounts. (Spanish
degenerative disorders of sclera
No full textPatient age is unknown. Anterior view of globe.https://commons.pacificu.edu/od/1531/thumbnail.jp