International Journal of Progressive Education (IJPE)
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Equating TIMSS Mathematics Subtests with Nonlinear Equating Methods Using NEAT Design%253A Circle-Arc Equating Approaches
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to equate Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) mathematics subtest scores obtained from TIMSS 2011 to scores obtained from TIMSS 2007 form with different nonlinear observed score equating methods under Non-Equivalent Anchor Test (NEAT) design where common items are used to link two or more test forms. The ultimate goal is to determine whether different forms of mathematics tests that administered in different years with anchor (common) items caused any inequalities with respect to students. In addition, results obtained from chained and frequency estimation based on equipercentile equating methods were compared to four different methods (Tucker, Levine, Braun-Holland and chained) based on a new nonlinear equating approach called circle-arc equating in order to see which method is the most appropriate for equating these forms. The results of different nonlinear equating methods were compared with respect to Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) index, mean of bootstrap standard errors (MBSE) and mean of bootstrap bias. Results indicates that TIMSS 2007 mathematics tests were easier than TIMSS 2011 mathematics across the score scale which indicates that results were biased against to students participated to TIMSS 2007. Moreover, equating methods based on nonlinear circle-arc equating outperformed the equipercentile equating methods and presmoothing decreased both standard error and bias associated with each method
Teaching Controversial Issues in the JLL Classroom for Chinese Students
Get PDFThis paper discusses how teachers explore teaching controversial issues in the Japanese language classroom to Japanese language learner (JLL) or culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students who have different cultural and political backgrounds. Assuring educational opportunities with consideration of JLLs background is important especially in this globalized world. Students who spent several years in their home countries had missed the earlier part of the culture in the host countries, and they do not internalize host culture fully. Lack of cultural knowledge or literacy would lead to inequality of attainment. The research was conducted in a Japanese language classroom for Chinese from Peoples Republic of China (ROC) newcomer students in a commercial night public high school in Japan.
This study examines how a Japanese teacher were aware of the cultural aspects of students, searched for appropriate methods to teach controversial issues. The research methods are participatory observations and semi-structured interviews with teachers. Through interaction with Chinese newcomer students, the Japanese teachers cultural and political awareness and political correctness was induced as he observed what the students needed to know and experience. The teacher tried to infuse students with global awareness in his hybrid history embedded Japanese language class. The concept which were not relevant to the political status of the country of origin, neutrality between the country of origin and Japan, were explored during the lessons
Pre-service Social Studies Teachers’ Views about the Teaching Knowledge Test
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to determine pre-service social studies teachers views about the Teaching Knowledge Test (TKT). The study was conducted within the framework of case-study which is one of the qualitative research methods. The study-group consists of 13 pre-service teachers. Two semi-structured interview forms were used to collect data. Descriptive analysis approach was utilized for the analysis of the collected data. Upon reviewing of the results, it was seen that during the interviews both before and after the exam, pre-service teachers were of the opinion that the content knowledge test should be continued to be conducted%253B that the number of questions in the exam is not sufficient to measure the content knowledge%253B that giving weight to undergraduate academic lessons will have an affirmative contribution to this exam
Examining Preschool and First Grade Teachers’ Opinions on the Effects of School Readiness to Classroom Management
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to examine preschool and first grade teachers opinions on the effects of school readiness to classroom management. The participants of this research consisted of the 18 preschool and 22 first grade teachers who work at public and private schools in the cities of Konya, Ankara and Kayseri in Turkey. Phenomenological research design is used in this qualitative study. In order to identify the opinions of the preschool and first grade teachers on the effects of school readiness to classroom management, an interview form comprised of open ended questions developed by the researchers was used. The data is gathered from the teachers answers given to the structurally prepared questions and the collected data is analysed through content analysis method. The result of the research shows that both the preschool and first grade teacher groups expressed that level of readiness has an impact on classroom management. The teachers in both groups have stated that it is observed learning difficulty in children with low level of readiness and boredom and impatience in children with higher level of readiness. At the end of this research the necessary suggestions were given according to the obtained findings
Scores Assigned by Inexpert EFL Raters to Different Quality EFL Compositions, and the Raters’ Decision-Making Behaviors
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to examine the variability in and reliability of scores assigned to different quality EFL compositions by EFL instructors and their rating behaviors. Using a mixed research design, quantitative data were collected from EFL instructors ratings of 30 compositions of three different qualities using a holistic scoring rubric. Qualitatively, think-aloud protocol data were collected concretely from a sub-sample of raters. The generalizability theory (G-theory) approach was used to analyze the quantitative data. The results showed that the raters mostly deviated while giving scores to very low level and mid-range compositions, but that they were more consistent while rating very high-level compositions. The reliability of the ratings of high quality papers (e.g. g%253A .87 and phi%253A .79 respectively) was higher than the coefficients obtained for mid-range and low quality compositions. This result indicated that more reliable ratings could be obtained in the rating of high quality papers. The think-aloud protocol analysis indicated that the raters attended differently to different aspects of these three level compositions. Implications are given from performance assessment practice perspectives
Educational Reform in Turkey
Get PDFAs a country seeking admission to the European Union, this paper explores educational reforms in Turkey that enhance its possible entry into the European Union and changes still needed for it to be an equal partner. An overview of the school system in Turkey is provided including information on teacher training and preparation, special education policy, and post high school participation. Its educational system still faces significant hurdles and must address human rights issues in order to provide equal access and nondiscriminatory education for all. While strides have been made to improve educational opportunities, inequality is still a reality for many females and those of lower socio-economic status. Higher education opportunities continue to improve with infrastructure problems competing to keep pace with the number of facilities available. Turkey continues to address these educational concerns while progressing toward the goal of improving its status as a European Union candidate
The Examining Reading Motivation of Primary Students in the Terms of Some Variables
Get PDFThe purpose of this research, is to examine reading motivation of the primary 2, 3 and 4th grade students in the terms of gender, class and socioeconomic status. Research is structured according to model of survey in the descriptive type. In the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data mix method. The sample consists of total of 769 students studying in the same province including class 2, 3 and 4 in three different schools. Research data is collected by scale of Motivation to Read Profile. According to the survey results, however students%252339%253B value of reading is affected class and gender variables, students%252339%253B value of reading is not affected by socioeconomic status. The value of reading of 3rd grade students is higher than 4th grade students. The value of reading of girls is higher than male students. Self-concept as reader and reading motivation of students variate depend on class, gender and socioeconomic status. In addition, reading motivation of 2nd grade students is higher than the 4th grade students. Self-concept as reader and reading motivation of students having upper socioeconomic status are than self-concept as reader and reading motivation of students having lower and middle socioeconomic status
Teachers’ Views about Educational Research%253A A Qualitative Study
No full textThe purpose of this case study is to examine the views of teachers about educational research. The present research is designed as a qualitative case study. The group of this study is consisted of teachers (n %253D 27), working in primary, middle, and high schools in the province of Niğde in Turkey. An extensive literature review was made on educational research and some scales in this regard were examined in detail in order to prepare the research questions in the study. At the end of this extensive literature review, a semi-structured interview form for the study was prepared. For data collection, teachers were visited in their schools by the researchers and asked to participate in the study. The teachers in the study group were interviewed directly by face-to-face in their schools in the autumn semester. The data obtained in the study were analysed by using descriptive analysis technique. According to findings obtained in the study, totally four themes were acquired as a result of the descriptive analysis technique. The obtained themes were concluded as%253A need for educational research, importance of educational research, applicability of education research, and contribution of educational research to professional development
12-14 Aged Turkish Students’ Levels of Using Media Tools (Bad Sӓckingen Town Sample, Germany)
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the levels of Turkish students attending Hauptschule, Realschule and Gymnasium in Bad Sauml%253Bckingen in the state of Baden Wuuml%253Brttemberg, Germany, in terms of using media tools. Of the qualitative data collecting tools, an interview method was applied in the research. In the context of this research, interviews were carried out with 13 students attending Hauptschule, 14 students at Realschule, and 8 students at Gymnasium, using semi-structured interview forms prepared by the researchers. The questions were prepared considering the media tools the students were using widely at the end of an observation lasting a whole year. The data acquired at the end of the student interviews was analysed using a content analysis method. The results showed a similarity in terms of the preferred media tools and the time the students spent on these media tools. It was concluded that there was a close similarity in the period students spent daily on television, on the internet, and on their mobile phones%253B the students attending Hauptschule and Realschule mostly preferred Turkish channels and programs, while the Gymnasium students did not in general make any distinction between the Turkish and German channels%253B what the students mostly preferred were TV series and game programs%253B students attending these three schools did not read newspapers and journals much, but sometimes books%253B the period spent on reading books was slightly higher in the Gymnasium students%253B and the students at all these three schools used the internet mostly for similar interests (such as for accessing social networks, watching and downloading videos%252Ffilms, playing games, and obtaining information)
Policy Debate in Ethiopian Teacher Education%253A Retrospection and Future Direction
No full textThough, Ethiopia registered an extraordinary achievement in terms of increasing student enrolment, still quality of education remains a challenge and is becoming a bottleneck. One of the problems might be the structure and nature of teacher education itself. The purpose of this study therefore was to critically examine the existing literature and policy documents and come up with effective as well as valuable modality of teacher education which will be workable in Ethiopian context. In Ethiopia, there are two extreme views that can be taken as challenges for teacher education program%253A pedagogical knowledge vs. subject matter knowledge. There is also contention on the modality of teacher education%253A concurrent vs. consecutive. The study show that the greatest ever challenge in teacher education is registered during the Post-TESO period. The program is troubled. Based on the results of this study, imperative implications for practice are forwarded