Taiwan Association of Engineering and Technology Innovation: E-Journals
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Preface
Get PDFThis is the Part 1 of the Special Issue on Innovations and Applications in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks. There are 6 papers which are selected from the many submission to this special issue. They cover many scientific and engineering challenges from both academia and industry, especially for the development of power consumption reduction, efficient and reliable Wireless Sensor Networks based on Internet of Thing (IoT). All of the papers submitted to this special issue subsequently underwent a rigorous peer-review by members of the Editorial Board of International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation (IJETI). Accordingly, acceptance for publication in this special issue was based on reviewer recommendations, mandatory revision, and final examination by the guest editor. It is also expected to offer some significant points which related to the innovations and applications in the field of wireless sensor networks. I also wish to thank the many academicians, researchers and people who contributed their expertise to this important issue and for their efforts to bring this project fruition. In particular, I would deeply acknowledge the efforts of Professor Wen-Hsiang Hsieh, Editor-in-Chief of International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation (IJETI), for his kind support to the publication of this special issue. Guest EditorDr. Jia-Shing SheuAssociate Professor,Department of Computer Science,National Taipei University of Education,Taiwan, ROC
Reliable and Congestion Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to analyze review and different congestion control protocols that are employed at the transport layer and some of them working at the medium access control layer in wireless sensor networks. Firstly, a brief introduction is given about wireless sensor networks and how congestion occurs in such networks. Secondly, the concept of congestion is discussed. Thirdly, the reason of occurrence of congestion in wireless sensor networks is analyzed. After that, congestion control and why it is needed in the wireless sensor networks is discussed. Then, a brief review of different congestion control and reliable data transport mechanisms are discussed. Finally, a comparative analysis of different protocols is made depending on their performance on various parameters such as - traffic direction, energy conservation characteristic, efficiency etc. and the paper is concluded
A Fast Anticollision Algorithm with Early Adjustment of Frame Length for the EPCglobal UHF Class-1 Generation-2 RFID Standard
Get PDFThis paper develops a fast algorithm to identify a large number of tags in a short period of time duration in RFID systems. The main goal of the proposed algorithm is to meet the requirement in supply chain management. In this paper, we derive mathematical model to analyze the tag identify process. Based on the analysis, we can decide the optimal frame length and when the current read round is early ended. We find that the optimal frame length should be set to 1.72 times of the number of tags when the ratio between collision-slot duration and empty-slot duration is 4. Through the use of early adjustment of frame length, the RFID interrogator examines the fitness of frame lemgth only at three time slots in each read round. The primary advantage of our algorithm is the ability to achieve a good compromise between throughput performance and computation complexity
A Wireless Sensor Network-Speech Recognition Scheme Using Deployments of Multiple Kinect Microphone Array-Sensors
Get PDFSpeech recognition has successfully been utilized in lots of applications recently. With the development of the Kinect sensor device from Microsoft, speech recognition could be further promoted to be used in an ubiquitous environment where a wireless sensor network using Kinect sensors is deployed. This study develops a wireless sensor network (WSN)-speech recognition scheme using deployments of multiple Kinect microphone-array sensors. Presented speech recognition by Kinect-WSN could effectively capture the acoustic data made from the talking speaker and then perform the corresponding voice command control on certain target. In this study, different strategies to deploy multiple Kinect microphone-array sensors for constructing an ubiquitous Kinect-WSN speech recognition environment are investigated. Several different acoustic sensing data fusion methods are also explored for achieving superior performance on Kinect-WSN speech recognition. The presented method in this paper is evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness in an 5m×5m laboratory environment in which any of four test speakers is to make the voice command anywhere. Developed Kinect microphone array sensor-deployed WSN speech recognition in this work is finely utilized in various different applications in control
The Innovative Design of Wheelchair with Lifting and Standing Functions
Get PDFTraditionally, the mechanism of wheelchair with lifting and standing functions has 2 degrees of freedom, and used 2 power sources to perform these 2 motion function. The mechanism proposed for wheelchair with lifting and standing functions in this paper has 1 degree of freedom. Hence, we can use only 1 power source to drive the mechanism to achieve lifting and standing functions. For traditional standing wheelchair, its’ center of gravity moves forward when standing up and it needs 2 auxiliary wheels to prevent dumping. In this paper, by using the checklist method of Osborn, the wheelchair with 1 DOF is invented to perform lifting and standing functions. The center of gravity of this new wheelchair after standing up still located between the front and rear wheels, no auxiliary wheels needed. The new design has the advantages of simple operation, more stability, and more safety
Predictive Adaptive Control of an Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Process
Get PDFThis paper presents an application regarding a model based predictive adaptive controller used to improve the effluent quality of a conventionalactivated sludge wastewater treatment process. The adaptive control scheme consists of two modules: a robust parameter estimator and a predictive controller. The controller design is based on the process model obtained by recursive estimation. The performances of the adaptive control algorithm are investigated and compared tothenon-adaptive one. Both the set point tracking and the regulatory performances have been tested. The results show that this control strategy will help overcome the challenge for maintaining the discharged water quality to meet the regulations
Improved SVM Classifier Incorporating Adaptive Condensed Instances Based on Hybrid Continuous-Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization
Get PDFIn recent years, support vector machine (SVM) based on empirical risk minimization is supervised learning model which has been successfully used in the classification and regression. The standard soft-margin SVM trains a classifier by solving an optimization problem to decide which instances of the training data set are support vectors. However, in many real applications it is imperative to perform feature selection to detect which features are actually relevant. In order to further improve the performance, we propose the adaptive condensed instances (ACI) strategy based on the hybrid particle swarm optimization (HPSO) algorithm for the SVM classifier design. The basic idea of the proposed method is to adopt HPSO to simultaneously optimize the ACI and SVM kernel parameters for the classification accuracy enhancement. The numerical experiments on several UCI benchmark datasets are conducted to find the optimal parameters for building the SVM model. Experiment results show that the proposed framework can achieve better performance than other published methods in literature and provide a simple but subtle strategy to effectively improve the classification accuracy for SVM classifier
Zinc Sulfide Buffer Layer for CIGS Solar Cells Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition
Get PDFIn this study, ZnS thin films were successfully synthesized by chemical bath deposition (CBD) with starting materials of NH2-NH2, SC(NH2)2, and ZnSO4‧7H2O. ZnS thin films were deposited with different time on glass substrates by CBD at 80oC and pH=9. Based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, it is found that the ZnS thin films exhibit cubic polycrystalline phase. It was found that the optimum deposition time is 90 min for preparing ZnS thin film that is suitable as buffer layer for CuIn1-xGaxSe2 solar cells. The thin film deposited for 90 min has high transmittance up to 80% in the spectra range from 350 nm to 800 nm, and the optical band gap is about 3.59 eV
Analytical Study of Building Height Effects over Steel Plate Shear Wall Behavior
Get PDFIn the latest three decades, the steel plate shear walls (SPSW) system has emerged as a promising lateral load resisting system for both construction new buildings and retrofit of existing buildings. This system has acceptable stiffness for control of structure displacement, ductile failure mechanism and high energy absorption. This paper will quantify the effect of increasing the height over analytical behavior of SPSW (height effect). Considering abundant emergence of high-rise buildings all over the world in recent years and their need for strengthening, the importance of the studies presented in this paper cannot be overemphasized for optimum height usage of SPSW lateral resisting system. The study was performed through design of four models of dual system with special moment frames capable of resisting at least 25% of prescribed seismic forces. In this article, structure buildings consisting of 5, 10, 15 and 20 stories have been modelled. Results consisting of story shear absorption, support reaction forces, lateral story displacement and drift index have investigated for different cases. Results show that SPSW absorbs more shears at the lower stories than top stories. Furthermore, axial reaction of edge supports experience decreasing rate corresponding to increase in the story numbers. Drift magnitude of steel plate shear wall with the 5 stories has the maximum value at the top story while the systems with the 10 and the 15 stories have maximum drift at lower stories
Design of Slim LED Coupler for Collimated Light Source
Get PDFThis study proposed a slim coupler to collimate the light emitted from an LED, which can be used as a collimated light source. The coupler is substantially a 2-D compound parabolic collector (CPC); its bottom surface has longitudinally extending V-groove microstructures thereon. The parabolic side walls reflect the propagating light to converge only in the transverse direction, but the V-groove microstructures reflect the light and make its propagating direction gradually rotates around a central axis of the CPC. Therefore, the angular distribution of the light finally converges after several times of reflection on both side walls and V-groove microstructures. Moreover, the illuminance distribution on the outlet of the V-groove CPC becomes more uniform than a CPC without V-groove microstructures. The effects of V-groove microstructures on both angular and illuminance distributions of the light emerging from the outlet of the CPC is analyzed, and the feasibility of providing a uniform collimated light source is verified by conducting simulation