Taiwan Association of Engineering and Technology Innovation: E-Journals
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Transmission Wheeling Pricing in Embedded Cost Using Modified Amp-Mile and MVA Utility Factor Methods
Get PDFTransmission wheeling pricing is one of the decisive aspects of present open access electricity market. Various methods are available for transmission; however, no method is proved to diverse operating conditions of power system. These methods are not able to quantify the full recovery of embedded cost. All the variables i.e. remaining charges, used circuit capacity are not counted in the existing methods. This Paper explicates two methods, Modified Amp – Mile method and MVA Utility Factor method, to recover embedded cost. Modified Amp-Mile method is customized form of existing Amp-Mile method. In the MVA Utility Factor method, cost allocation is based on marginal participation (MP). It evaluates the cost, using sensitivity analysis of network power. The proposed methods are tested on an IEEE 6 bus system and further verified on Hadoti region real 37 bus system. All the results are presented in Full Recovery Model (FRM) and Partial Recovery Model (PRM)
Development of a Cost-effective Design of a P-V Ventilated Greenhouse Solar Dryer for Commercial Preservation of Tomatoes in a Rural Setting
Get PDFCommercial preservation of agro-produce by solar drying entails using large-scale dryer units that are generally not affordable by potential users in a rural setting. The objective of this study was to design a photo-voltaic greenhouse solar drying unit with air convection powered by a photovoltaic system as part of a research study to develop a cost-effective commercial solar dryer for the preservation of tomatoes in a rural setting. The design methodology involved. First, the determination of thermophysical properties of local tomatoes and predicting its drying model. Second, determination of design parameters; design equations, design conditions and assumptions, and psychrometric analysis. Third, application of the design parameters under the climatic conditions of Botswana to produce the embodiment of design with the drawings and specifications for a solar hot air dryer unit of 2000 kg batch-load of wet tomatoes. This drying unit is integrated into a solar collector with a cost-friendly thermal energy storage system to store solar energy during the day for use after sunset for better performance
A Review of Image Scrambling Technique Using Chaotic Maps
Get PDFImage scrambling is a process to convert a meaningful image into an unidentifiable or an unordered image by changing the pixel position such that an unauthorized user should not be able to access the original contents. The paper summarizes the various chaotic maps based scrambling methods with their performance measures. The discussion focuses on the scrambling techniques like Arnold map, Affine map, Baker map, Henon map, Logistic map, Fibonacci sequence, Fibonacci-Lucas sequence, and Fibonacci P-code transformation used to shuffle the image pixels in various image encryption algorithms. Each scrambling method is observed by using the adjacent pixels correlation coefficient, NPCR and UACI, scrambling/unscrambling speed, mean value analysis, entropy and peak signal-noise ratio. A comparative table is used to represent the reasonable computational outcome of each analysis parameter. The relative analysis of the performance and security measure highlights the weakness and strength of discussing scrambling techniques and can be used in the case-based image cryptosystem in future research.
Efficacy of Nanocutting Fluids in Machining-an Experimental Investigation
Get PDFThis paper presents the experimental investigations on the performance of eco-friendly vegetable oil based nanofluids in turning operation. In order to assess the quality of nano cutting fluids used during machining, cutting temperatures, cutting forces, tool wear and surface roughness under constant cutting conditions are measured. The influence of two types of nanofluids prepared from nano boric acid (NBA) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) mixed separately with coconut oil (CC), on machining performance during turning operation is examined. Comparative analysis of the results obtained is done under dry, soluble oil (SL) and lubricant environments at constant cutting conditions and 0.25% nano particle inclusions (NPI). To understand the influence of NPI experiments were conducted using CCNBA and CCCNT at varying NPI as well. Results obtained using cutting fluids prepared from vegetable oil based nanofluids are encouraging and more pronouncing by the application of CCCNT at machining zone. The extent of improvement in reduction of cutting temperatures, main cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness is tracked to be 13%, 37.5%, 44% and 40% respectively by the application of CCCNT compared to dry machining. It was found that application of CCNBA and CCCNT at 0.5% NPI is more effective in improving the machining performance
Ball Nut Preload Diagnosis of the Hollow Ball Screw through Support Vector Machine
Get PDFThis paper studies the diagnostic results of hollow ball screws with different ball nut preload through the support vector machine (SVM) process. The method is testified by considering the use of ball screw pretension and different ball nut preload. SVM was used to discriminate the hollow ball screw preload status through the vibration signals and servo motor current signals. Maximum dynamic preloads of 2%, 4%, and 6% ball screws were predesigned, manufactured, and conducted experimentally. Signal patterns with different preload features are separatedby SVM. The irregularity development of the ball screw driving motion current and rolling balls vibration of the ball screw can be discriminated via SVM based on complexity perception. The experimental results successfully show that the prognostic status of ball nut preload can be envisaged by the proposed methodology. The smart reasoning for the health of the ball screw is available based on classification of SVM. This diagnostic method satisfies the purposes of prognostic effectiveness on knowing the ball nut preload statu
Spatial Correlation-Based Clustering in Wireless Sensor Network
Get PDFThe wireless sensor networks generally comprise of a large number of sensors. The sensors are disposable and resource-constrained devices. Despite the significant improvement in battery technology, energy conservation is still an imperative function of wireless sensor networks to prolong the network operational lifetime. In the last decade, the clustering approach is normally employed to extend the network operational lifetime, where aggregated sensed information is sent to the base station. The cluster heads are responsible for managing cluster members, information accumulation, and data transmitting. Therefore, the selection of an efficient cluster is a primary concern in the clustered architecture. This paper proposes a correlation model and a localized clustering approach whose goal is to extend the network operational lifetime using fuzzy logic and spatial correlation characteristics. The fuzzy logic is utilized to key out the cluster heads and spatial correlation characteristics are employed to form clusters of closely located sensors in the observing field. Simulation results demonstrate that a significant improvement in energy efficiency can be attained utilizing the proposed approach as compared to the LEACH, CHEF, and DEC approaches
Performance Analysis of LMS Filter Using Barker and Chaotic Sequences for Radar Target Detection
Get PDFTarget detection and tracking play a very foremost role in space and underwater scenario. In this paper, we presented a new Least Mean Square based Radar Target Detection (LMS-RTD) model is proposed to de-noising of continuous wave radar transmitted signal. In target detection, radio frequency (RF) energy is transmitted to and reflected from the reflecting object which has a status of target information. Signal generation and target detection of Radar model is designed and simulated using MATLAB 2017a Simulink. The study of performance analysis of signal generation model using binary chaos phase sequences using different chaotic maps, barker codes, combined barker code sequences and the de-noising algorithm using adaptive LMS filter is also presented in this paper. Implementation of an adaptive LMS filter using Verilog HDL and its analyses using Xilinx FPGA tool. In FPGA analysis, the number of LUT’s and used flip flops are improved in proposed LMS-RTD method than conventional methods
Robust Control of Delayed Fin Stabilizer Stochastic Systems of a Ship
Get PDFIn this paper, the robust control problem of delayed fin stabilizer stochastic system of a ship with uncertainty is discussed and investigated. To describe the system, Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) modelling approach and multiplicative noise term are used to establish the corresponding polynomial model. For simulating the general operating environment, the delay effect is considered as time-varying case. Moreover, the gain-scheduled control scheme is employed to discuss the delay-dependent stabilization problem and to design the corresponding controller. Moreover, a novel Lyapunov-Kravoskii function is proposed by using parameter-dependent matrix and integral Lyapunov function to reduce the conservatism of the derived stability conditions. In order to apply the convex optimization algorithm, the derived conditions are converted into Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) form. By solving the conditions, some feasible solutions can be obtained to establish the controller to guarantee robust stability of the delayed fin stabilizer stochastic system of a ship in the mean square
Long Pinions for Alternative Transmission Mechanizations
Get PDFMulti-speed transmissions are used in the automotive industry. The design of such transmissions may be framed as an algebraic/graph theory problem. Such an approach is particularly useful for designs with multiple planetary gear sets. Some automotive manufacturers use “long pinions” or “shared pinions” as building block elements within these gear sets. The long pinion is an interesting architectural arrangement that combines certain packaging and functional attributes. In the present article, the algebraic use of the long pinion is demonstrated in the creation of vastly different transmission architectures from the same skeleton diagram
Single-Crossarm Stainless Steel Stayed Columns
Get PDFStability and strength of imperfect stayed columns are studied in 3D using ANSYS software. Following three tests of stayed columns with a reasonable geometry, the numerical modelling is validated and subsequently compared with available analytical and numerical 2D results. Arrangement and values of prestressing of ties and initial deflections of the columns affecting the nonlinear stability problem are discussed in a detail. The effect of nonlinear stress-strain relationship corresponding to common stainless steel material is shown, with respect to loading level corresponding to loss of the column stability. The assembly technique of the stayed columns is taken into account, comparing the method and stability/strengths of columns with fixed or sliding stays in the connection to the central crossarm. Finally some recommendations concerning the analysis and use of such stayed columns are given