Taiwan Association of Engineering and Technology Innovation: E-Journals
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An Overview of Own Tracking Wireless Sensors with GSM-GPS Features
Get PDFWireless Sensors (WS) mobility and pause time have a major impact directly influencing the energy consumption. Lifetime of a WS Network (WSN) depends directly on the energy consumption, thus, the hardware and software components must be optimized for energy management. This study aims to combine a compact hardware architecture with a smart energy management efficiency in order to increase ratio Lifetime/Energy Consumption, to improve the operating time on a portable tracking system with GPS/GSM/GPRS features and own power. In this paper we present the evolution of own WS tracking architecture with GPS/GSM/GPRS features, basic criterion being the lifetime combined with low power consumption. Concern was focused on hardware and software areas: Large number of physical components led to reconsideration of hardware architecture, while for software, we focused on algorithms able to reduce the number of bits in transmitted data packets, which help to reduce energy consumption. The results and conclusions show that the goal was achieved
Influence of Cold Sensation on Plantar Tactile Sensation for Young Females
Get PDFCold sensation (CS) is a cold feeling on people’s hands or feet; this is a well-known health problem for young females. Plantar tactile sensation plays an important role in postural control and is affected by skin temperature. However, there is no research focusing on the relation between CS and plantar tactile sensation. In this study, we address the question of whether the CS influences plantar tactile sensation. 32 non cold sensation (Non-CS) and 31 cold sensation (CS) young females have participated in this research. A tactile sensation test was conducted at five plantar points (first and fifth toes, first and fifth metatarsal heads, and heel). Experimental results showed that although there was no significant difference at the first and fifth toes as well as the first metatarsal head and heel, the sensation threshold at the fifth metatarsal head for CS was lower than the Non-CS (21.61 ± 8.10 μm, 27.42 ± 11.02 μm respectively, p < 0.05). It was concluded that plantar tactile sensation for young females with cold sensation was more sensitive compared to healthy subjects
A Robust Formation Control Strategy for Multi-Agent Systems with Uncertainties via Adaptive Gain Robust Controllers
Get PDFThis paper deals with a design problem of an adaptive gain robust controller which achieves consensus for multi-agent system (MAS) with uncertainties. In the proposed controller design approach, the relative position between the leader and followers are considered explicitly, and the proposed adaptive gain robust controller consisting of fixed gains and variable ones tuned by time-varying adjustable parameters can reduce the effect of uncertainties. In this paper, we show that sufficient conditions for the existence of the proposed adaptive gain robust controller are reduced to solvability of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed robust formation control system is verified by simple numerical simulations. A main result of this study is that the proposed adaptive gain robust controller can achieve consensus and formation control giving consideration to relative distance in spite of uncertainties
FTIR Analysis of Biodegradation of Polystyrene by Intestinal Bacteria Isolated from Zophobas Morio and Tenebrio Molitor
Get PDFSince the 1970s, polystyrene (PS) plastic marine pollution has become a global concern. Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio beetle larva actively respond to a diet of primarily polystyrene. The tantalizing evidence indicates that the gut bacteria of these beetle larva enables them not only to consume polystyrene, but to successfully biodegrade polystyrene. Heretofore, data collection to verify polystyrene degradation by the gut bacteria of these larva has taken up to six months per test. Our laboratory created a platform by dissolving PS into a liquid mineral culture medium to examine PS degradation by the gut bacteria. Under investigation, PS works as main carbon source supporting the growth of gut bacteria. Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is an effective method which can provide relevant information on chemical changes. This study presents a methodology using FTIR and Visible Light Spectrometry as an efficient methodology to verify the physiological degradation of polystyrene
Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of RC Deep Beam Using CDP Model
Get PDFFinite element analysis (FEA) is widely adopted these days to investigate relatively heavy structures such as reinforced concrete (RC) deep beam, which requires a higher investment of resources. This research aims to investigate a numerical modeling technique applicable to study the nonlinear behavior of RC deep beams by using FEA based on the software, ABAQUS. The nonlinear behavior of an RC deep beam adapted from an earlier research work is captured by using the uniaxial compressive and tensile stress-strain relationship and damage parameters of concrete. The response of the FE model is verified with the experimental results in terms of the load to midspan deflection curve and damage distribution. The ultimate shear capacity predicted by the FE model is 0.75% lower, and the corresponding displacement is 6.92% higher than the experimental results. The adopted modeling technique and the constitutive concrete models demonstrate the promising results indicating its possibilities for the investigation of RC structures
Dockless Shared Bicycle Flow Control by Using Kernel Density Estimation Based Clustering
Get PDFSince dockless sharing bicycles have become an indispensable means of everyday life for urban residents, how to effectively control the supply and demand balance of bikes has become an important issue. This study aims to apply Kernel Density Estimation based (KDE-based) clustering analysis and a threshold-based reverse flow incentive mechanism to encourage the users of bicycles to adjust the supply and demand actively. And it takes Shanghai Jing’an Temple and its surroundings as the research area. Its practical steps include: (1) compilation and processing of the needed data, (2) application of KDE-based clustering, partitioning, and grading, and (3) incentives calculation based on dockless shared bicycle flow control system. The study finds that the generalization function of KDE-based clustering can be used to estimate the density value at any point in the study area to support the calculation of the incentive mechanism for bicycle reverse flow
Determination of Natural Frequency and Critical Velocity of Inclined Pipe Conveying Fluid under Thermal Effect by Using Integral Transform Technique
Get PDFThis study proposes an analytical solution of natural frequencies for an inclined fixed supported Euler-Bernoulli pipe containing the flowing fluid subjected to thermal loads. The integral transform technique is employed to obtain the spatial displacement-time domain response of the pipe-fluid system. Then, a closed-form analytical expression is presented. The effects of various geometric and system parameters on the vibration characteristics of pipe-fluid system with different flow velocities are discussed. The results illustrate that the proposed analytical solution agrees with the solutions achieved in previous works. The proposed model predicts that the pipe loses the stability by divergence with the increasing flow velocity. It is evident that the influences of inclination angle and temperature variation are dramatically increased at a higher aspect ratio. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the temperature variation becomes a more harmful effect than the internal fluid velocity on the stability of the pipe at elevated temperature
Cost-Effective Customizable Indoor Environmental Quality Monitoring System
Get PDFPoor indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has become a global concern for World Health Organization (WHO), and its impact on health and well-being has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. To monitor and sanitize indoor air, this study develops a cost-effective and customizable IEQ monitoring system to detect unhealthy and low-comfort air levels. This system uses ThingSpeak (MATLAB), microcontrollers (Arduino Uno), and various low-cost sensors to measure indoor air quality (IAQ) and IEQ in terms of gas, particulate matter, temperature, sound level, and ultraviolet (UV) light. The presented system is validated with respect to temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter by benchmarking against the Camfil air image sensor manufactured by Camfil AB, Stockholm, Sweden. The average error of temperature, relative humidity, and PM2.5 are 0.55%, 5.13%, and 3.45%, respectively
Image Compression Using Permanent Neural Networks for Predicting Compact Discrete Cosine Transform Coefficients
Get PDFThis study proposes a new image compression technique that produces a high compression ratio yet consumes low execution times. Since many of the current image compression algorithms consume high execution times, this technique speeds up the execution time of image compression. The technique is based on permanent neural networks to predict the discrete cosine transform partial coefficients. This can eliminate the need to generate the discrete cosine transformation every time an image is compressed. A compression ratio of 94% is achieved while the average decompressed image peak signal to noise ratio and structure similarity image measure are 22.25 and 0.65 respectively. The compression time can be neglected when compared to other reported techniques because the only needed process in the compression stage is to use the generated neural network model to predict the few discrete cosine transform coefficients
Effects of Bi3+ Ion-Doped on the Microstructure and Photoluminescence of La0.97Pr0.03VO4 Phosphor
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to enhance the emission intensity of La0.97Pr0.03VO4 single-phased white light emitting phosphor. The Bi3+ ion-doped La0.97Pr0.03VO4 single-phased white light emitting phosphors are synthesized using a sol-gel method. The structure and photoluminescence properties of (La0.97-yBiy)Pr0.03VO4 (y = 0-0.05) phosphor are also examined. The XRD results show that the structure of La0.97Pr0.03VO4 phosphors with different concentrations of Bi3+ ion doping keeps the monoclinic structure. The SEM results show that the phosphor particles become smoother when the Bi3+ ion is doped. The excitation band for La0.97Pr0.03VO4 phosphor exhibits a blue shift from 320 nm to 308 nm as the Bi3+ ion contents are increased. The maximum emission intensity is achieved for a Bi3+ ion content of 0.5 mol%, which is about 30% greater than that with no Bi3+ ion doped. The CIE chromaticity coordinates are all located in the near white light region for different Bi3+ ion-doped La0.97Pr0.03VO4 phosphors