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Point Arrays Characterize Antibody Interactionwith HE71 Virus Capsid
No full text1 Broadside. 48"W x 36"HPoint arrays can be used to characterize the structure of a spherical virus capsid.
Antibodies can neutralizeviruses by (1) changing virus structure (2) interfering with binding (3) affecting capsid stability or (4) aggregation of viral particles.
HE71 antibodies A9 and D6 vary in theirneutralizationmechanisms
A9 and D6 neutralization mechanisms are reflected in HE71 point array of models and in comparing RMSD.Kalamazoo College. Department of Biology. Diebold Symposium, 202
Effects of Cytokines on the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Renal Cell Carcinoma
No full textiv, 32 p.Kidney cancer presents in many different forms, some more aggressive than others. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common form of kidney cancer, may undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) where cells become elongated and spindly and metastasize. There is evidence in other cancer types, that EMT may also lead to changes in immunogenicity of the tumor, including upregulation of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-L1. When cells undergo EMT, various transcription factors are upregulated or downregulated by environmental conditions and cytokines. This study explores the effects of hypoxia, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) on EMT and PD-L1 expression in 786-O and Caki-1 clear cell carcinoma cell lines. Protein level analysis was conducted using cell cultures and Western blotting techniques. Results indicated that the presence of cytokines and hypoxia, both individually and together, play important roles in the induction of EMT in ccRCC and in regulation of PD-L1. Understanding the genetic mechanisms of EMT and its effects on the immune microenvironment can aid in the development of promising cancer treatment and prevention methods for the future
Data Sets and Dead Ends in My Summer Internship
No full textv, 7 p.During my experiential SIP, I learned about SQL and the resources available for online learning, the back-and-forth problem solving with big company IT departments to obtain needed program accesses, and the abilities that Microsoft Power BI provides when it comes to a live data stream. This essay details my journey chronologically, with emphasis on the skills learned and the work completed
Chicago's Chinatown as an American Repertoire
No full text75 p.Chicago's Chinatown was formally established in 1910 however, the first Chinese in Chicago immigrants can be dated back to 1878. Chinatown initially functioned as a textbook ethnic enclave, where new Chinese immigrants resided in this community to find familiarity within the same ethnic group in a strange new country. Chinatown was initially viewed as "dirty, dangerous, and full of diseases," these racist sentiments were catalyzed due to the Chinese Exclusion Act and segregation. Chinatown's image of being "undesirable and unwelcoming" ironically contributed to the idea of Chinatown today. Now functioning as a tourist center, Chinatown reframed itself for the tourist economy and a space where one could visit the "Orient" without having to go there. The pivot of Chinatown to be a tourist hub was an act of survival to boost capital, jobs, and the assimilation of future generations of Chinese Americans. This necessary shift paved the way for Chicago's Chinatown to serve as a stepping stone for immigrants to pursue their American Dream. While underneath the economics, Chinatown still functions as an ethnic enclave, many younger generations are questioning the functions and purpose of Chinatown as a constant redevelopment for tourism rather than an actual community. This research analyzes the shifts and byproducts of temporal spaces Chinatown undergoes to redevelop itself for the tourist economy and how this impacts residents' ability to find community amidst these changes
The Role of Cux1 on Ift122 in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
No full textiv, 21 p.Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a common genetic disorder that causes the formation of fluid filled cysts in the kidney which eventually leads to renal failure. Autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) is the more common form of the fatal disease, and results from a mutation in either the PKD1 or PKD2 gene which respectfully encode for polycystin-1 and polycystin-2. These proteins are located in the membrane of renal nephron primary cilium, an important structure that plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Located in the lumen of epithelial cells, they are thought to play a role in PKD cystogenesis. Cux1 is a transcription protein that regulates cell growth and cystic progression in PKD. New research has shown that Cux1 has a role in regulating ciliary genes such as Ift122 in the Galapagos Cormorant bird. The Ift122 protein is used in ciliary formation and maintenance. This study aimed to observe whether Cux1 has a role in regulating the Ift122 gene in mammals as was seen in other species. Ift122 protein expression was measured in this experiment by double labeling kidney tissue sections from various genotype RBP-J knockout mouse models. RBP-J is part of the notch signaling pathway, and when knocked out causes an increase in Cux1. The results found that in upregulated Cux1 environments, Ift122 protein expression was absent. This suggests that Cux1 plays a role in the downregulation of the ciliary protein Ift122 in mammals. As a change in Ift122 protein expression can cause ciliary disfunction, this study suggests another way that Cux1 is involved in the PKD ciliopathy. The data can be used with future experiments to identify therapeutic targets for disease treatment
On the Origin of Species : An Exploration of Scientific Evolution in Nineteenth-Century Boston
No full text74 p.The disciplines surrounding the fields of science and religion have long been in contention regarding the theories of evolution, of natural selection, and God's role within these processes. The discourse on these topics has been extensive, reaching millions of people across the country for over a hundred years. These evolutionary debates, however, largely originated from ideas discussed after Charles Darwin's publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859. Now, Darwin's ideas are generally accepted, and Darwin has been placed amongst the most influential scientists to have ever lived. There has been little discussion, however, of the reactions by Americans during the nineteenth century when Darwin's book was published. American society has transformed greatly, especially in regards to the role of religion and science within our cultural, intellectual, and religious spheres. The utilization of science and religion to explain the evolutionary process and other broader philosophical questions reflect an individual's ethics, values, and priorities. Each individual then contributes and helps shape a society's overarching priorities and values by bringing their own viewpoints to public opinion. By looking at the ways Americans of the past received Darwin's work and integrated it into their belief systems, we can learn a lot about how society has developed through these decisions
Surveillance Biopsies in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients
No full textv, 28 p.Acute rejection is a significant risk factor for allograft loss in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Identifying and treating rejection prior to a clinical appearance by surveillance biopsy has been associated with improved allograft function and survival. There are no strong patient demographic patterns associated with increased risk of subclinical rejection. Appropriate surveillance biopsy time intervals have yet to be standardized to minimize risk and maximize clinical outcomes. We reviewed all renal allograft surveillance biopsies at six-, twelve-, and twenty-four-month intervals from February 2020 through September of 2022 at a tertiary care facility. Clinical history, relevant laboratory findings, immunosuppression and hypertension medications, and biopsy related complications were recorded. Subclinical rejection was identified in accordance with the Banff Diagnostic Categories of Renal Allograft Pathology. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to identify clinical risk factors. Twenty-nine patients received a total of 47 surveillance biopsies. The mean age at date of transplant for the 29 subjects was 12.2 years (SD 5.0 years) and 18 (62%) were male. Subclinical inflammation or rejection was identified in three of 22 (13.6%) six-month surveillance biopsies, seven of 18 (38.9%) twelve-month surveillance biopsies, and none of the twenty-four-month surveillance biopsies. We experienced six (12.8%) minor complications (significant hematoma n=2; gross hematuria n=4). Our rates of rejection at each interval suggest a nine-month interval could be explored as an alternative for surveillance biopsies done at six- and twelve-months post-transplant. Twenty-four-month biopsies could be eliminated from the program due to a lack of positive findings
Radically Shameless: Creating and Performing the Original One-Person Show, Unzipped
No full text125 p.Unzipped , an autobiographical collection of original monologues and songs, is the
story of my coming-of-age as a queer Chinese-American. The best way I can describe it
is as a theatre-concert: theatrical storytelling intertwined with dynamic, staged musical
performance. The music all exists in the realm of indie folk and indie rock, composed for
a band with keyboard, guitar, bass, and drums. The script of Unzipped is written to
involve the performer’s whole self. The performer has to personify the main character’s
psychology, embody other characters in the plot, and intuit with the musicians
Investigations into the tunneling magnetoresistance effects in thin films of (La1−yPry)1−xCaxMnO3
No full text20 p.Thin lms of (La1−yPry)1−xCaxMnO3 (LPCMO) are known to undergo phase separation between
a ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) phase and a charged-ordered insulator (COI) phase. When cooled
down from room temperature to achieve this phase separation, it appears that the FMM regions can
move through the COI regions as if they were in a
uid, which is known as the
uid phase separated
(FPS) state. By manipulating the FMM regions in the FPS state using magnetic and electric elds,
one can achieve tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) e ects desirable for the creation of magnetic
tunnel junctions (MTJs), which are useful for data storage. In this investigation, two di erent
LPCMO samples were fabricated, one with metal contacts separated by a few millimeters (the
\millimeter" sample) and another with contacts separated by a few micrometers (the \micrometer"
sample). It was observed that TMR e ects were present in the \micrometer" sample, but not in the
\millimeter" sample, indicating that the \micrometer" sample is more useful than the \millimeter"
sample for the creation of MTJs. In addition, electric eld e ects on TMR were observed, but are
not yet fully understood