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Distribution of Plecoptera (Insecta) in the Yahagi River system, central Honshu, Japan, with special reference to the artificial impacts on the distribution
Get PDFStonefly nymphs (Insecta, Plecoptera) were collected at 78 sites in the Yahagi River system, central Honshu, Japan in 2015-2016. In addition to the data from literature on the nymphs, at least 45 taxa of Plecoptera were identified, and out of these 24 were identified to the species level. Each taxon (species) of Plecoptera tended to occur in a characteristic scale of river basins (area of catchment basin) and in a characteristic zone of altitude, not only in the zone under the altitude ca. 1000 m, but also in the zone over ca. 1000 m. For instance, Scopura montana (Scopuridae) and Isoperla towadensis (Perlodidae) nymphs were abundant at small-scale mountain streams (catchment basin : smaller than 0.1 km2) and at the altitudes higher than ca. 1000 m. This indicates that the suitable habitat of each taxon (species) about area of catchment basin and about the altitude is similar to that observed in the Tama River system, central Honshu, also in the streams at the altitudes over ca. 1000 m. Oyamia lugubris (Perlidae) nymphs were not collected at all between the four dams along the Tomoe River, the largest tributary of the Yahagi River. These sites are included in the suitable habitat for Oyamia lugubris about the area of catchment basin and about the altitude, but O. lugubris did not occur. It is not clear whether artificial impacts affect the occurrence, or not. Xanthoneuria (Perlidae) nymphs were collected continuously above the Yahagi Dam, but they were not collected at all below the dam, where six other dams are located. Isoperla nymphs were also abundant above the Yahagi Dam, and they were collected below the dam too, but they were rare in the drought stretches below the diversions. Xanthoneuria and Isoperla nymphs may be affected by artificial alteration of river environment by the dams
The Management Condition and Relevance of Management Indicators of Municipal Hospitals
Get PDFThis paper aims to make the management condition of municipal hospitals time series, to see the characteristics, then to evaluate the functions that the indicators obliged to improve management efficiency played a role in improving management and their relevance
The Use of Runes in Old English Writings
Get PDFThere are some Old English texts in which runic letters are adopted, and they often draw the reader’s attention. However, little detailed research has been done on the use of runes in Old English writings, and there is no consensus of opinion as regards their connotations. This paper treats the adoption of runic letters in Old English writings
The Diagnosis for Intellectual Property Management of Small and Medium Enterprises in Japan : The Problems in Amendment of Patent Support System
Get PDFWe proposed the framework called “patent application strategy matrix” that was able to diagnose the patent application strategy of enterprises. It can be diagnosed with two standards, the execution possibility by other competitive enterprises and the quality of a patent application document. The application numbers of an enterprise in one year was used as the execution possibility by the others and the volume of pages of a patent application document was used as the quality of that. The enterprises published in Japanese unexamined patent application publication on each area of the matrix ware extracted, and the questionnaire survey was done to those enterprises. In this paper, the problems of the patent support system for small and medium enterprises by the Patent Office in Japan were considered from the results of the questionnaire survey
The Anger Experiences Causing Anger-Recall in Daily Life
Get PDFAnger-recall is one of the most important aspects of anger to control its maladaptive effects on behaviors and mental health. In this study, 174 participants reported their daily anger experiences. Their experiences were categorized and summarized to examine factors related to anger-recall. The results showed that the degree of anger and the unresolved feeling to anger situation were related to the ease of anger-recall