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Study on Deterioration of Concrete due to Transformation of Laumontite
Laumontite is a harmful mineral for concrete. Standard specifications for concrete structures described that laumontite and its dehydration material leonhardite would need care because there was volume change between laumontite and leonhardite due to drying and wetting. This action causes cracks in the concrete. However, no standards or conditions have been set for the use of laumontite -bearing aggregates. The purpose of this study is to considervt the effect on concrete and the formulation of deterioration countermeasures when using laumontite-bearing aggregates. First, qualitative and quantitative analysis using X-ray diffraction was performed on aggregates in New Caledonia and Japan. Next, cement paste containing single crystal of laumontite and mortar containing laumontite-bearing aggregates was prepared for deterioration reproduction and exposed in an environment where wetting and drying were repeated. Then, Density-enhanced mortar containing cement admixture was produced to prevent deterioration and exposed in a repeated dry and wet environment. From these results, deterioration was confirmed in the cement paste containing the single crystal of laumontite. On the one hand, no deterioration was confirmed in the mortar containing laumontite-bearing aggregates at the age of 196 days. Then, it was confirmed that the mortar containing the admixture tended to have higher strength than the mortar not containing the admixture
CVDホウ オ リヨウ シタ シリコン ナノ リュウシ ネツブンカイ タンソマク カラ ナル リチウム イオン デンチ フクゴウ フキョク ザイリョウ ノ ゴウセイ ト ヒョウカ
The change of physical activity amount before and after self-refrain from going out in college students : Utilization of Exercise Guide
The state of emergency declaration (SED) has significantly changed the lifestyle of people. College students may have changed their physical activity amount (PA) levels by limiting their activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in PA levels, using the Exercise and Physical Activity Guide for Health Promotion 2006, among college students before and after SED. A total of 84 college students were analyzed. PA Exsasaizu (Ex=Mets・h) significantly decreased after SED. Although non-exercise activity (NEA) was significantly decreased in SED, exercise (Ex) was not significantly different after SED. A total of 66 college students performed Ex with part-time jobs (Pt) before SED. Pt Ex significantly decreased after SED. PA levels after Ex were compared between students with and without Pt. NEA (Ex) was significantly larger in students with Pt than in students without Pt before SED. We suggested that SED significantly decreased PA in college students by limiting their activities; students with Pt may be particularly affected by the recent SED