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The Treaty of Versailles and the Rise of Nazism in Germany, 1918-1933
Get PDFThis project explores the way in which the Nazi Party used the Treaty of Versailles, which laid out the Allies’ terms of defeat for Germany after World War I, in their propaganda before 1933. The First World War had disastrous effects on Germany. The volatile conditions of post-war society created many roadblocks to recovery and left millions feeling alienated and disconnected from the newly established democratic government. The Treaty of Versailles was incredibly unpopular and factored into much anti-government propaganda during the interwar years. In my research I analyzed Nazi publications, speeches, and member testimony from 1918-1933 and discuss how the Treaty was politicized by the Party to fit their agenda. I found that the Nazi Party used the Treaty to build their movement by identifying people or groups who had caused Germany’s collapse and to justify the purging of those elements. Through the extreme rhetoric of violence and conflict the Nazi Party also used the animosity toward the Treaty of Versailles to create their own set of cultural values for Germany to rebuild the national community and restore Germany as world power
Protective Labor Legislation: How Oregon Attached Motherhood to Working Women
Get PDFIncreased focus on working conditions with the rise of women adrift leaving home to look for work at the turn of the 20th century led to a massive wave of reform in the Progressive Era called protective labor legislation. This legislation would aim to aid women workers in securing shorter hours, higher wages and better working environments, but ultimately was met with contention. To achieve the goal of protecting women, women’s organizations like the Consumers’ League of Oregon adopted the idea of difference theory which stated that men and women are fundamentally different, and took to the courts. This research showcases the importance of difference theory in the approval of women’s labor rights in Oregon and highlights that while protection was granted, it was at the expense of women’s identities as laborers. Sex-based legislation might have convinced the supreme courts that women deserved protection, but it also convinced the courts that women would never be equal to men
Coloring Graphs from Knots
No full textKnots and links can be categorized by invariants such as colorability. A knot is a three-dimensional object, so any two-dimensional diagram of that knot must consist of a set of crossings and set of strands that indicate the behavior of the three-dimensional object. Past authors have defined knot coloring using a system of equations at the crossings in the knot diagram. Since we can associate a knot with a strand adjacency graph, here we investigate whether a knot’s associated graph can be used to provide a non-algebraic version of colorability. We explore a couple different arrangements for a strand adjacency graph and the results that occur under several types of colorability. Along the way, we also take a look at cablings of knots and their distinctions from prime knots in these results
Preserving Unity: the Threats of Catholicism and National Liberal Support of the Kulturkampf
Get PDFMy source is Vatican I’s “Dogmatic Constitution Pastor aeternus, on the Church of Christ,” which was released by the Vatican Council on 18 July 1870 and codified the doctrines of papal primacy and infallibility. The doctrine of papal primacy declares the pope as the supreme head of the Church, while the infallibility doctrine declares that when the pope speaks “ex cathedra,” he possesses divine infallibility to define doctrines concerning faith and morals. [1] The doctrines of primacy and infallibility made Catholics look like a threat to the German nation. Because Catholics were perceived as a threat, the German government initiated a Kulturkampf—literally “culture war”—to preserve German unity from the supposed disuniting threat of Catholicism.
[1] “Vatican I’s Dogmatic Constitution Pastor aeternus, on the Church of Christ.” ewtn.com. Accessed 27 April 2021. https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/teachings/vatican-is-dogmatic-constitution-pastor-aeternus-on-the-church-of-christ-24
The correlation between statistics and winning an NBA Championship
No full textThe evolution of the game of basketball motivates fans and statisticians to ask questions such as what championship winning teams have in common, statistically. In this presentation, we compare and contrast the correlation of specific statistical categories of NBA championship teams from the 2009-10 season through the 2019-20 season. Using the programming language R, we manipulate and analyze the data using the Pearson correlation test. Analyzing the correlations between the statistical categories (e.g. points, rebounds, assists), we attempt to relate the findings to the rules and structure of basketball and investigate how the correlations vary for championship teams
Terror in Soviet Industry: Tensions between Managers, Workers, and the Secret Police, 1930s
Get PDF“Terror in Soviet Industry: Tensions between Managers, Workers, and the Secret Police, 1930s” understands the nature of terror—a wave of arrests, purges, investigations, and death sentences in the Soviet industrial sector against management in the 1930s and contributes to the debate of who is responsible for the terror that was carried out. Behind the Urals by John Scott written in 1942, an American welder who worked in the Soviet Union, provides detailed insight on his experiences of working in Soviet industry: including terror, unsanitary housing conditions for workers, and the grueling workdays. Scott’s American industrial skillset earned him a well-respected position working in Soviet Industry. This source draws on the perspective of a valuable industrial worker who witnessed the terror of his supervisors and Scott’s personal discussion on how the secret police interrogated the managers within industry
The Hairy Ball Theorem and Other Hairy Situations
No full textFor this research project a clear and concise definition of the Hairy Ball Theorem, also known as the Hedgehog Theorem, will be considered. This theory addresses the way combed vectors can be visualized by thinking of the hair on an individual’s head or the spines of a rolled-up hedgehog, and how there will always be a zero vector or a cowlick. Look into how the Theorem might interact with higher dimensions or with other shapes in 3-D. Covering how Hopf Fibrations might explain why the Hairy Ball Theorem always holds true. After looking at the proof the question will be posed, “How would manipulated vectors on a shape other than a sphere, specifically a torus or donut shape, behave?” This article is meant to get creative mathematical juices going and encourage us to question, “What if”
The Mutual Importance of Intergenerational Relationships: Ties Between Grandfathers & Young Adult Grandchildren, a Dyadic Study.
No full textThe current study focuses on the intergenerational relationships between grandfathers and young adult grandchildren. This is done from the life course perspective to determine how the relationship has changed over time as young adult grandchildren enter into emerging adulthood. Closely examining influences of gender differences in role performance and perspective, protection of autonomy, and generativity and legacy within the dyad. Highlighting the importance of grandfathers in the lives of their young adult grandchildren and the impact they have on each other