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Research on the Connotation, Dilemma and Path of Digital Transformation of Specialized, Sophisticated, Specialized and Innovative Enterprises
Full text linkThe digital transformation of specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative (SRDI) enterprises has evolved from technological tool upgrades to strategic transformations that restructure core competencies and achieve high-quality sustainable development. This paper systematically defines the concept of “high-quality digital transformation” for SRDI enterprises, which focuses on enhancing total factor productivity through coordinated evolution of technological and organizational architectures, thereby digitally strengthening specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative capabilities. The study identifies three key characteristics: strategic orientation with high-quality constraints, cross-level coupling of driving factors, and highly dynamic transformation processes. These features reveal triple advantages in operational efficiency, innovation capacity, and management decision-making. The research further analyzes four critical challenges faced by enterprises—cognitive ambiguity, fragmented applications, security vulnerabilities, and resource shortages—along with their practical manifestations of “reluctance to transform, inability to transform, fear of transformation, and inability to transform.” Optimization pathways are proposed across four dimensions: top-level design, system integration, security governance, and resource support. The integrated analytical framework established in this paper provides theoretical references for digital practices in SRDI enterprises and empirical evidence for digital policy design in small and medium-sized enterprises
Governance Mechanism of Non-state-owned Shareholders and Enterprise Investment
Full text linkThe participation of non-state shareholders in governance, as a key aspect of deepening the mixed-ownership reform of state-owned enterprises, holds significant importance in improving corporate governance, particularly in corporate investment. This paper manually compiles a unique dataset of non-state shareholder governance indices for state-owned enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets from 2010 to 2024, considering multidimensional governance at three levels: equity governance, top management governance, and network governance. It examines the impact of non-state shareholder participation in governance on corporate investment. The research indicates that the participation of non-state shareholders in governance can enhance corporate investment efficiency. Specifically, this enhancement is primarily achieved by increasing the level of compensation incentives and capital allocation efficiency. This paper expands the research on non-state shareholder governance mechanisms and corporate investment, providing empirical evidence for improving internal governance and investment levels of state-owned enterprises in the context of mixed-ownership reform
Party Building-Led High-Quality Development of Local Education Groups: A Case Study of Z City Education Group Empowering the Education Undertaking and the Culture and Sports Industry
Full text linkAgainst the backdrop of deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises and advancing the high-quality development of regional economy and society, how local education groups can uphold the Party’s leadership, strengthen Party building, and convert their unique advantages into a driving force for boosting the progress of education and the prosperity of the culture and sports industry has become an important issue with both theoretical value and practical significance. Taking Z City Education Group as the research object, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of its practice of Party building leadership. Firstly, it elaborates on the significance of Party building leadership for the group to empower the education undertaking and the culture and sports industry. Secondly, in light of the group’s actual development, it systematically analyzes the current shortcomings in market-oriented transformation, the settlement of legacy issues, talent team construction, digital transformation and internal synergy. Finally, from four dimensions—strengthening political guidance and ideological emancipation, consolidating organizational foundation and talent support, deepening business integration and collaborative development, and building a strong barrier of discipline and safety—this paper proposes an optimized path for education groups to empower the progress of education and the prosperity of the culture and sports industry under the guidance of Party building. The study is intended to provide theoretical references and practical experience for the high-quality transformation and development of local state-owned enterprises, especially those in the education sector, in the new era
Socioeconomic Status Inequalities Partially Mediate Racial and Ethnic Differences in Children’s Amygdala Volume
Full text linkBackground: While race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) impact brain structures such as the amygdala, less is known on whether or not family SES partially explains why amygdala volume is smaller for racial and ethnic minority groups. Purpose: This study tested the mediating effects of family SES on racial and ethnic differences in right and left amygdala volume. Methods: We borrowed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data of the Children Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a brain imaging investigation of childhood brain development in the US. The total sample was 8977, 9-10-year-old children. The independent variables were race and ethnicity. The primary outcomes were right and left amygdala volume. Age, sex, household size, and marital status were the covariates. Multiple SES indicators such as family income, subjective family SES, parental employment, parental education, and neighborhood income were the mediators. To analyze the data, we used regression models without and with our mediators. Sobel test was used to test if these mediational paths are statistically significant. Results: Black and Latino children had smaller amygdala sizes than non-Latino White children. The effects of race and ethnicity on amygdala volume were partially mediated by SES indicators, suggesting that one of the many reasons Black and Latino children have smaller volumes of right and left amygdala is their lower SES. Conclusions: For American children, lower family and neighborhood SES indicators partially, but not fully, explain smaller amygdala sizes of Black and Latino children compared to non- Latino White children
Critical Discourse Analysis of Chinese Aerospace Reports in China Daily
Full text linkWith the continuous development of China's aerospace industry, China Daily, as an important window for international communication, plays a crucial role in shaping and disseminating China's aerospace image. This study takes the reports on Chinese aerospace in China Daily as the research object, adopting Fairclough's three-dimensional critical discourse analysis model and corpus-assisted research methods. From the perspectives of text, discourse practice and social cultural practice, this paper explores the linguistic characteristics, discourse strategies and image construction logic of the reports. The research finds that China Daily constructs a positive and comprehensive Chinese aerospace image featuring independent innovation, peaceful development, and international cooperation through specific lexical selection, syntactic structure arrangement, and diverse citation methods. This image construction is not only closely related to China's aerospace development achievements and national diplomatic concepts but also influenced by the media's international communication orientation and cultural value transmission needs. The study is expected to provide reference for optimizing the international communication of China's aerospace discourse and enhancing the international influence of China's aerospace image
A Study on the Application of Investors’ Reasonable Expectations in the Fair and Equitable Treatment Clause
Full text linkThe fair and equitable treatment clause is a core provision of modern international investment agreements. As the central criterion for the interpretation and application of this clause, the concept of an investor’s legitimate expectations originates from the principle of protection of legitimate expectations in domestic administrative law and has evolved through arbitration practice into a key basis for determining whether a host state has breached its obligations. Due to the absence of clear and uniform rules for its determination, its application faces challenges such as inconsistent standards, excessive expansion of scope, and an imbalance between the interests of investors and host states, thereby encroaching upon the host state’s regulatory sovereignty. This paper examines the underlying theories and logical connections between the two concepts. Addressing the practical challenges, it proposes pathways including the clarification of constituent elements, the delineation of boundaries for application, the standardisation of interpretative methods, and China’s response strategies. These aim to provide support for balancing investor rights with the host state’s regulatory authority, contribute to the improvement of the international investment legal framework, and align with China’s requirements for the development of its foreign-related legal system
Understanding the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance: The Roles of Capital Structure and Regional Culture
Full text linkThis conceptual work explores the mechanism through which corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects firm performance, highlighting the role of capital structure and cultural influences. Unlike Hofstede’s framework of culture, this study applies a framework based on Chinese regional culture, which might be more suitable for companies in China. It also explores the role played by capital structure in the process. Taken together, this conceptual framework deepens the understanding of the link between CSR and firm performance and guides managerial decisions and CSR engagement
Research Progress in Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration Function and Implications for Karst Desertification Governance
Full text linkCarbon sequestration is a core ecosystem service for mitigating global warming, yet it is highly vulnerable to degradation in karst desertification areas due to geological and anthropogenic factors. By using bibliometric tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 2247 relevant publications retrieved from the Web of Science database up to 2024, clarifying the global research pattern, research hotspots and three major developmental stages in this field. This study elaborated on the carbon sequestration mechanisms and influencing factors of forest, grassland and soil ecosystems, and meanwhile pointed out the existing research deficiencies such as insufficient exploration of vegetation carbon sequestration potential and inconsistent understanding of soil organic carbon stability. Aiming at the governance of karst desertification, targeted strategies were proposed, including revising remote sensing data combined with field investigations, constructing region-specific assessment systems, and exploring soil carbon fixation pathways at multiple scales, which provides scientific support for carbon sink enhancement, carbon sequestration and ecological restoration in ecologically fragile areas
Research on Monitoring Plan for Xiaolangdi Reservoir Based on Nonlinear Programming
Full text linkThe water and sediment flux of the Yellow River fluctuates under the influence of various natural and human factors, significantly impacting ecological management and water resources in the Yellow River basin.This study investigates the patterns of sediment-water flux variation in the Yellow River and evaluates the practical effectiveness of the “water diversion and sediment regulation” project. Utilizing multiple linear regression models, seasonal ARIMA models, and grey prediction models, it comprehensively employs Excel, Matlab, and SPSS to analyze the relationship between sediment concentration and time, water level, and flow rate. The research summarizes the patterns of sediment-water flux variation and assesses the actual outcomes of the “water diversion and sediment regulation” initiative to enhance Yellow River basin management and address practical challenges.Addressing the first issue, Excel was first used to clean the water-sediment monitoring data from a specific hydrological station on the Yellow River between 2016 and 2021 (Appendix 1), removing invalid data lacking sediment concentration values. Subsequently, Matlab was employed to plot scatter diagrams of sediment concentration versus time, water level, and flow rate. These plots indicated a preliminary linear relationship between sediment concentration and water level/flow rate, suggesting the applicability of a multiple linear regression model.SPSS was employed to solve the multiple linear regression model, yielding regression coefficients of 0.568 for water level and 0.002 for flow rate, confirming the linear relationship between independent and dependent variables. A multiple linear regression model was then re-established to estimate sediment concentration in the Yellow River over the past six years. Excel was used to calculate annual total water flow and annual total sediment discharge.For Problem 2, the water-sediment flux research methodology was first defined, dividing water-sediment flux into water flux and sediment flux. Water flux was measured by flow rate indicators, while sediment flux was measured by sediment discharge indicators. Excel was used to filter and consolidate the required research data.Second, employing a “combination of numbers and shapes,” annual line charts for water and sediment fluxes were plotted, along with 72-month variation patterns (January to December) for each year from 2016 to 2021. This enabled visual analysis of the hydrological station’s water-sediment flux characteristics, including abrupt changes, seasonality, and periodicity.For Problem 3: First, aggregate the water and sediment flux data from 2016 to 2021 at this hydrological station. Construct a seasonal ARIMA model and solve it using SPSS to verify that the original sequence passes the stationarity test. Analyze the autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation plots to obtain the model results. Use Excel to plot line charts showing the future two-year trends in water and sediment flux at this hydrological station. Second, based on the patterns of water and sediment flux variation, a nonlinear programming model was constructed. Using Matlab to solve the nonlinear programming model, an optimal sampling and monitoring plan for the next two years was formulated. This approach aims to understand the dynamic changes in water and sediment flux while minimizing sampling and monitoring costs and resource utilization.For Question 4, first use Excel to plot a line chart based on the water and sediment data from May to October 2016–2021 in Appendix 1 and the riverbed elevation data in Appendix 3. This will enable a comparative analysis of the actual effectiveness of the “water and sediment regulation” measures at Xiaolangdi Reservoir.Second, exclude the June data from Appendix 2 to calculate the elevation changes (either rise or fall) of the riverbed over the two-year period. Construct a grey prediction model and solve it using SPSS to forecast the future changes in riverbed elevation over the next decade
Under the EU-US Economic and Trade Agreement: Risk Impacts and Response Strategies for Chongqing-EU Economic and Trade Cooperation
Full text linkIn August 2025, the European Union and the United States announced the conclusion of the Reciprocal, Fair and Balanced Trade Agreement, further accelerating the restructuring of transatlantic economic and trade rules and generating significant spillover effects on external economies. As an important manufacturing base in western China, Chongqing maintains close ties with the European market in high value added industries such as electronic information, automobiles, and high end equipment. Based on trade structure and industrial dependence, this paper examines the potential risks posed by the coordination of economic and trade rules between the European Union and the United States to Chongqing, including tighter market access, restricted technology supply, higher standards thresholds, and supply chain reconfiguration. The study finds that although Chongqing has made some progress in diversifying its foreign trade, its key industries still remain strongly connected to the European market, technology sources, and regulatory systems. In response, Chongqing should accelerate the expansion of diversified markets, promote domestic substitution in key segments and supply chain localization, optimize the layout of international logistics corridors, enhance standards alignment and regulatory compliance capacity, and improve risk early warning and legal protection mechanisms, so as to strengthen the resilience and international competitiveness of its manufacturing sector