International Journal of Commerce and Finance (IJCF - İstanbul Commerce University)
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Corporate Governance, Audit Quality and Audit Expectation Gap: Theoretical and Conceptual Perspectives
Get PDFThe main focus of this study is to create a discourse as to the extent to which corporate governance practices and audit quality are predictor variables for the audit expectation gap based on the premise that upholding external auditors’ independence factor would assist in narrowing the expectation gap in society. The theory of inspired confidence and stakeholders’ theory underpins the framework concerning the nexus among corporate governance practices, audit quality and audit expectation gap. Research has been conducted on the nexus between corporate governance practices and the audit expectation gap however, there are fewer research efforts on the mediating effect of audit quality between the two variables. Hence, this study recommended the need to develop the body of knowledge in this regard as the present review has conceptualised the incorporation of corporate governance practices and audit quality as mechanisms for narrowing the audit expectation gap in our society
Investigating the Effect of Energy Price on Food Price Inflation in Three Asian Countries
Get PDFThe rising of energy prices resulting from the turmoil inthe Middle East may be responsible for the recent food price inflation in the world, which may occur through transmission mechanism. This study investigates the effect of energy prices on food price inflation in three Asian countries, namely; China, Philippine, and Vietnam using monthly data from 2002:M01 to 2020:M12. Employingthe Panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) model withImpulse Response Functions (IRFs), the results provided that shocks in energy prices and economic growth have a positive and significant effect on food price inflation while shocks in exchange rate and agricultural production have anegative but insignificant effect on food prices inflation. The PVAR causality results revealed that economic growth is a predictor of food price inflation, energy prices, exchange rate, and agricultural production. Also, a causality runs from economic growth and exchange rate to energy prices and again, from economic growth to exchange rate and agricultural production. This implies that a feedback effect is found between economic growth and exchange rate as well as economic growth and agricultural production. Therefore, the study recommended the need to stabilize energy prices through effect energy policies in Asian countries. Key words: Food prices inflation, Energy prices, Food insecurity, Economic growt
Analyzing The Determinants and Stability of Non-Performing Loans at Indonesian Private Commercial Banks
Get PDFThis study examines the determinants and stability of Non Performing Loans at private commercial banks in Indonesia during 2003-2021. The determinants of NPL included are both internal and external factors. The internal factors are credit growth and lending rate while the external factors are production index as proxy for GDP, exchange rate and inflation rate. Stability test is added to the analysis. This study defines stability of NPL function as the stability in regression coefficient and the stability in the intercept over time. Taking aggregate monthly NPLs at private commercial banks in Indonesia from 2003 to 2021 this study finds that loan growth has a negative impact while lending rate has a positive impact on NPL. Regarding to external or economic variables, exchange rate and inflation show a negative effect on NPL while Index production has no effect on NPL. Regarding the stability test, this study finds that the regression equation on NPL show a structural change over time. The intercept also differs over years during the study period
Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Spending: A Study of Public Sector Organizations in Tanzania
Get PDFCorporate social responsibility (CSR) has today become an important phenomenon and most organizations spends substantial amount of funds on CSR activities. However, empirical evidence on what determine the amount spent on CSR activities by public water sector organizations in Tanzania is lacking. Thus, the current study focus on determining factors that influences CSR spending by public water supply and sanitation authorities in Tanzania. Quantitative data were collected from 2015 to 2019, and a Fixed Effect estimation technique with instrument variable was employed in the analysis. The study revealed that; the approved CSR budget size, revenue collection efficiency, financial leverage, and organization size significantly influence CSR spending. The study contributes to the existing CSR literature in the public sector, and provides inputs on policies formulation that aims to enhance CSR investment public sector organizations
Corporate Governance and Sustainability Reporting : A Literature Review
Get PDFAbstractPurpose - These research objectives to get an overview of the corporate governance's impact on sustainability reporting through a systematic literature review.Methodology - The review method was conducted qualitatively through SLR in mapping existing research, with a sample of 62 articles published in 2012-2020.Findings - The findings provide three categories for how corporate governance affects sustainability reporting. Board characteristics consist of 5 variables (board size, board independence, board meeting, CEO duality, CSR committee), board diversity consists of 7 variables (community influential member, board age, board expertise, board incentives, board education, board nationality and gender diversity), and the audit committee characteristics consists of 4 variables (audit committee expertise, audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee meetings).Research limitations – Since the subject of the study is major corporations, the findings cannot be generalized, however they will be the same for other study subjects like micro, small, and medium-sized businesses.Originality - The research focuses on how corporate governance affects sustainability reporting and generates a thorough report on the predictor variables of sustainability reporting and its measurements in order to shed light on future sustainability reporting aspects
Aiding Fragility or Stability? The Impact of Foreign Assistance on Government Effectiveness and Violence in Afghanistan
Get PDFThis paper considers the response of two dimensions of stability—government effectiveness and level of violence—to the inflow of foreign assistance into Afghanistan. Novel econometric techniques—frequency domain causality and wavelet coherence analysis—are employed in analyzing time-series data covering the period 1995-2022. Firstly, it is confirmed that a virtuous cycle exists, in which the level of government effectiveness responds to the inflow of foreign assistance, and the inflow of foreign assistance in turn responds to the level of government effectiveness. Secondly, it is found that the nature of the relationship is positive, in which higher levels of foreign assistance inflows are correlated with higher levels of government effectiveness. Thirdly, it is discovered that foreign assistance inflows take the lead in this relationship, leading to the conclusion that foreign assistance inflows raise the quality of government effectiveness in Afghanistan. Finally, the results show that foreign assistance inflows significantly predict the absence of violence in Afghanistan. In summary, the findings suggest that foreign assistance can increase stability in Afghanistan by promoting government effectiveness
Analysis of The Impact of Tax Knowledge and Penalties On The Compliance Level of Taxpayers With Religion As A Moderator
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the effect of tax knowledge and tax sanctions on taxpayer compliance with religiosity as a moderating variable. The study population includes all individual taxpayers who do independent work and own businesses in DKI Jakarta, with 113 samples. The research method uses multiple regression analysis with primary data sources. Moreover, the research design used causal and quantitative. This research showed that the tax knowledge variable had a positive effect on tax compliance, the tax sanction variable had a positive effect on tax compliance, and Religiosity as a moderating variable proved to strengthen or weaken the influence between variables so that religiosity was a moderating variable. This research aims to provide information to the government and policymakers about taxes so that what should consider religious aspects to increase public awareness of paying taxes. The originality of this research is to include religious variables in the study of awareness of paying taxe
The Mediator Role of Artificial Intellıgence in the Influence of Corporate Strategies and Competitive Strategies on Company Performance
Get PDFThis study examines the mediating role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its effects on firm performance in terms of corporate and competitive strategies. The focus of this research is the finance and telecommunications sectors, as these are the most common and first areas to use digital technologies. Data were collected from 569 employee in these indutsries. Frequency distribution analyses, explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to the data. According to the findings of the research, corporate and competitive strategies have significant effects on AI and company performances. It has been determined that AI has a significant impact on company performance. In addition, the partial mediating effect of AI was found in the effect of corporate and competitive strategies on company performance
Financial Reporting for Non-Profit Organizations: The Case of Peace Corps Gambia
Get PDFConcerns about the non-profit sector's alleged lack of accountability and transparency have led to calls for the creation of accounting standards or recommended practices. This should be a framework for covering all aspects of the NPO sector, from governance and compliance to information asymmetry and transparency, and effectiveness. The purpose of this article is to review the Financial Statements of the Peace Corps Gambia, in view of the IFR4NPO prepared by CIPFA and search for some common points
The Probiotic Market in Turkey
Get PDFThe focus on the gut microbiome is driving many health initiatives today, as it plays a critical role in maintaining overall body health. As a result, the use of microbiotic products is rapidly increasing, and Turkey is an important market in this area. To understand the dynamics of this market, its growth potential, and future predictions, a case study was conducted based on an interview with industry expert Haydar Yılmaz.During the interview, topics such as the history and current state of the industry, growth potential, market trends, consumer behaviour, regulations, and competition were discussed. In addition, detailed information was gathered on the product ranges, production processes, and R&D activities of companies operating in the sector. This information provided an important resource for understanding the industry's current state and identifying future growth opportunities. In the study, the data obtained were analyzed using the narrative analysis method.The microbiome and probiotic market in Turkey has high growth potential, creating opportunities for companies in the future. Investing in R&D and innovation is crucial for the sector's development and utilizing the microbiome in marketing strategies can be advantageous. Ultimately, this sector can have positive effects on human health