International Journal of Commerce and Finance (IJCF - İstanbul Commerce University)
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Risk Management in Viet Nam Tourism Industry under the Impact of a Two Factor Model during and after the Global Crisis
Get PDFOver past few years, the global financial crisis shows certain influence on emerging financial markets including Viet nam. Therefore, this study chooses an analytical approach to give some systematic opinions on how much some certain determinants such as income tax and leverage, affect the level of market risk in listed tourism companies. First, it calculates equity and asset beta values in three (3) different scenarios of changing tax rates and changing the level of financial leverage. Second, under 3 different scenarios of changing tax rates (20%, 25% and 28%), we recognized that there is not large disperse in equity beta values, estimated at 0,753 for current leverage situation. Third, by changing tax rates in 3 scenarios (25%, 20% and 28%), we recognized both equity and asset beta mean values have positive relationship with the increasing level of tax rate. Last but not least, this paper covers some ideas and policy suggestions.
Internal Branding and Brand Commitment: The Role of Years of Experience & Monthly Income
Get PDFEmployee brand commitment has a vital role in their brand supporting behaviors. Therefore, this study is investigated the effect of internal branding Mechanisms on employee brand commitment from the employees’ perspective. This study also is examined the differences in employees’ perspectives on internal branding mechanisms, and employee brand commitment depends on their years of experience & monthly income. This study is targeted the banking industry using a convenience sample that includes ten banks in Palestine. This study is explored the employees’ perspective, thus, the unit of analysis in this study is the banks’ employees. This study is employed a quantitative empirical causal research design, through a self-administered structured questionnaire. This study is used descriptive statistics tests, One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), post-hoc multiple comparisons, two-step SEM process, and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Moreover, the data is analyzed using the “Analysis of Moment Structure” AMOS 20 program. The findings are shown a strong effect of internal branding Mechanisms on employee brand commitment. Also, the study found differences in employees’ perspectives on internal branding mechanisms and employee brand commitment depend on their years of experience & monthly income. Therefore, this research study may provide some benefits to the banking sector and the researcher in order to understand better the factors that will increase employee understanding of internal branding activities and enhancing employee brand commitment
The Effect of Non-Financial Incentive Scheme on Employees’ Motivation
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of non-financial incentive scheme on employees’ motivation. Therefore, the study was descriptive as well as explanatory which used primary source of data. By that 162 questionnaires were distribute and all of them were returned and used for the study and stratified and simple random sampling methods were applied to determine respondent for the study. However, the study try to examine the perception of employees’ about the incentives scheme of the bank, motivation level of employees’ in the bank and the effect of promotion, recognition, training on employees’ motivation. Among the major findings, the overall perception of respondents about current non-financial incentive practices were shown as they are happy and satisfied with promotion and training but they are neutral on recognition. The result of regression analysis shows that; promotion, recognition, training were a significant predictors of employees’ motivation. Also of that, a significant portion of employees was at good motivation level to perform their job. It is recommended to review the bank's recognition practice to increase the current motivation level of employees
Non Performing Financing Factor in Syaria Commercial Banking in Indonesia
Get PDFThis research is based on one of the biggest risk faced by sharia banking that is related to problematic financing that happened due to failure in funding process at Bank Syariah. Sharia Banks must have the ability to manage risks on the distribution of financing so as to prevent the creation of non-performing financing (NPF). This study aims to examine the effect of return on Financing Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS), Bank Size and Inflation to Non-Performing Financing (NPF). The method used in this research is an analytical descriptive method to explain each research variable and verification with the quantitative approach to show whether there is the influence of the free variable on a dependent variable. The data to be analyzed in this study using panel data and will be analyzed by using multiple linear regression. The result of the research shows that the return of financing Profit and Loss Sharing has significant effect to Non-Performing Financing with negative influence direction, bank size influence to Non-Performing Financing with negative influence direction and inflation has no significant effect to Non-Performing Financing with positive direction. This study also shows the result that the return of financing Profit and Loss Sharing, bank size and inflation simultaneously (simultaneously) have an influence on Non-Performing Financing
Does Earning Management Happen in Islamic Bank? (Indonesia and Malaysia Comparison)
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the differences in earnings management practices in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. The method used in this research is descriptive and comparative method. The results of this study occur earnings management in Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia, and there are significant differences. The results of the SPSS statistical tool obtained a significance value of 0.02 <0.05, so there are significant differences between the practice of earnings management in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia
Delivery Terms in Transport Process of Export Trade and their Effect on the Risk of Discrepancy in Documentary Letters of Credit; Evidence from Estonia
Get PDFDocumentary letters of credit (DLCs) are method of payment developed to facilitate the process of international trade by replacing the payment risk of importer with irrevocable payment guarantee of a bank to exporter. Instead, the exporter is supposed to present fully compliant set of documents required by the credit. Documentary nature of DLCs make them vulnerable to the risk of discrepancy. This risk is will affect exporter’s business as he is the one who should absorb it. Therefore, it will be recommended to exporters to negotiate the minimum number of required documents while closing the underlying contract of sales with importer. Since different delivery terms (INCOTERMS) require presentation of different documents, this paper studies the correlation between using different terms of delivery with existence of discrepancy in export DLCs in Estonia. For this purpose, author takes empirical approach to answer following research questions: what is the relation between documentary discrepancy and choice of delivery terms and third party documents? and what is the correlation between above mentioned factors and documentary discrepancy in process of DLC operation in Estonian export landscape? The paper is divided into four parts: after the introductory section, the literature review will briefly analyses process of international DLC operation and latest version of INCOTERMS plus their role as delivery terms in international trade. Next section will discuss methodology and results of empirical study done on choice of delivery terms and third party produced documents on discrepancy rate in DLC operation in Estonian export trade. Last but not the least, final section will provide conclusions of the study
Business-IT Alignment Effects on Business Agility
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of business-IT Alignment effects on business agility. The questionnaire of this study was given to 504 people via online survey who work as a manager in 3 public, 9 private and 16 foreign capital banks in Turkey. 334 valid questionnaires were collected back and analyzed. Corellastion, Regresion and Multiple Regretion analysis were used. According to the findings business-IT alignment has a positive effect on the business agility. As sub dimensions intellectual alignment and business alignment have a positive effect on the business agility. When we look at Business –IT alignment effect on business agility dimensions. It has positive effects on all six dimension of business agility (Agile Values, Technology Workforce, Change Management, Collaboration & Coordination and Flexible Infrastructure.).
Gender, Entrepreneurship and Socioeconomic Reparation in Jammu & Kashmir
Get PDFThe entrepreneurship growth is being recognized as a serviceable means of tackling Jammu and Kashmir’s [J&K] socioeconomic challenges of high unemployment, and unbalanced distribution of income. The unemployment rates revealed by National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) for the state presents a depressed image of the condition of women in the state. According to the NSSO employment position of females in urban areas are worse than that of men. The indicators were analyzed and found that the females in urban areas are unemployed and the rate is at 11.7 percent. And the same pointer for the unemployment rate for the male population is hovering at 6.7 percent and the figure at all-India for the woman (urban) joblessness rate is at 7.9 percent. It is observed that existing policies overlook the gender as a potential input for addressing the grave issue. Despite this females have proven their mettle using their peculiar gender nature effectively and efficiently in small and micro business which calls for an immediate attention by the government towards promotion of women in entrepreneurship.
Export Credit Insurances in Developing Countries: The Case of Turkey and IMT Countries
Get PDFExport credit insurance is one of the substantial tools to promote export in a country. This paper endeavours to find out the effect of Export Credit Insurance covered by Export Credit Agencies on the developing countries’ export figures and GDP. The countries subject to the analysis are Turkey and Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand also known as IMT Countries. The relationship between export value, economic growth and export credit insurances will be analyzed using Vector Autoregression (VAR) Model.
How Industry 4.0 Changes Business : A Commercial Perspective
Get PDFIndustry is the part of an economy that manufacture components and goods which are highly automatized. This paper presents a general understanding about the Fourth Industry Revolution- Industry 4.0 approach from a commercial point of view. Firstly, the history of Industrial Revolution is explained and the roadmap to Industry 4.0 is shown. Industry components and the main understanding of Industry 4.0 is explained through the previous studies. Secondly, the most common usage, implementation areas and the challenging points are demonstrated. Commercial and industrial application examples of Industry 4.0 in different sectors and the possible implementation areas are defined based on countries and sectors. Finally, the commercial impacts of this new business model is given from the industrial and human perspectives