Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón
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Alternative Method for Determining O-2 and CO2 Transmission Rates Through Microperforated Films for Modified Atmosphere Packs
Full text linkMost experimental systems for measuring the permeability of microperforated polymeric films are static, mainly because in dynamic systems the small differences in pressure on both sides of the perforation may result in serious errors in the measurements. The O-2 and CO2 transmission rate through microperforations of different sizes (from 40x30 to 350x110 mu m) were determined in a static and in a dynamic system. In the latter case, rather than the diffusive flow, the hydrodynamic flow generated by the difference in pressure was measured (between 5 and 90mbar). This was determined by applying Bernouilli's theorem and an experimental equation potentially relating the area of the microperforation with the transmission rate. A comparison of the transmission rates obtained in both cases gives coefficients of determination close to one (>0.993). This means that measuring the hydrodynamic flow can be considered as an alternative for the quantification of the diffusive flow through a microperforation. This is a simple and quick methodology that does not require expensive equipment. Furthermore, this feature enables commercial leak detection equipment to be used to quantify diffusive transmission rates through microperforations. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.The authors express their gratitude to the “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” (Spain) for providing the
financial support for the study (project no. PTQ-09-01-00700).Publishe
Ganadería de pequeños rumiantes de razas locales: ¿qué factores económicos, sociales y ambientales determinan su resiliencia?
Full text link(Proyecto PID2020-120312RA-I00) financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Investigación y Universidades y la Agencia Estatal de Investigació
Fotografías de la Jornada sobre emprendimiento en Apicultura y venta de miel
No full textActuación subvencionada por el Gobierno de España y el Gobierno de Aragón con cargo al Fondo de Inversiones de Terue
Ovine oocytes display a similar germinal vesicle configuration and global DNA methylation at prepubertal and adult ages
Full text link© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Epigenetic mechanisms are thought to be involved in the reduced developmental capacity of early prepubertal ewe oocytes compared to their adult counterparts. In this study, we have analyzed the global DNA methylation pattern and in vitro meiotic and developmental competence of oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage obtained from adult and 3-month-old donors. All oocytes were aspirated from antral follicles with a diameter ≥3 mm, and DNA methylation on 5-methylcytosine was detected by immunofluorescence using an anti-methyl cytosine antibody. The main global chromatin configuration pattern shown by both prepubertal and adult ovine oocytes corresponded to condensed chromatin localized close to the nuclear envelope (the SNE pattern). Immunofluorescence showed that a global bright nuclear staining of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) occurred in all germinal vesicle stage oocytes and matched the propidium iodide staining pattern. The total fluorescence intensity values of lamb GVs were not lower than those observed in adult GVs. The meiotic competence and cleavage rates were similar in adult and prepubertal oocytes, however, the developmental competence of embryos to reach blastocysts was higher for adult oocytes than lamb oocytes (p<0.0001). In conclusion, our results indicate that adult-size oocytes derived from 3 to 4 month old prepubertal ewes show similar GV morphology and DNA methylation staining patterns to those obtained from adult animals, despite exhibiting a lower developmental competence.This work was funded was suportad by INIA, Spanish Ministry
of Economy and Competitiveness (RTA2011-00128-C02 and
RTA2013-00041-C02)Antral follicleSheepChromatinEpigeneticEmbryoBlastocystPublishe
Evaluación del comportamiento de especies silvestres de almendro en un escenario de estrés hídrico. Listados de especies silvestres de almendro tolerantes y sensibles a estrés hídrico
Full text linkSe evaluó el comportamiento de especies silvestres de almendro frente al estrés hídrico, buscando identificar variedades tolerantes y sensibles. En 2023 y 2024 se propagaron in vitro especies como Prunus webbii, P. kostchii, P. mira y otras seis más, logrando su establecimiento exitoso. Además, se realizó un estudio de asociación del genoma completo (GWAS) en 140 genotipos (silvestres, comerciales, locales y modernos) del banco de germoplasma de Prunus (CITA), relacionando variabilidad genética con el uso eficiente del agua (UEA) a través del análisis del isótopo Δ13C. Valores bajos de Δ13C indicaron mayor eficiencia en el UEA. Las especies silvestres analizadas, junto a variedades como Mardía®, Vialfas® y ‘Guara’, mostraron mejores UEA. El GWAS permitió identificar 45.350 SNPs y reveló tres grupos poblacionales según origen y estatus, con solapamiento entre accesiones silvestres y variedades locales. Finalmente, se detectaron dos regiones genómicas clave (en cromosomas PD06 y PD08) asociadas al UEA, útiles para el desarrollo de futuros marcadores moleculares en el programa de mejora genética del almendro.Creado dentro del Plan Complementario de Agroalimentación AGROALNEXT en el marco del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia y financiado por la Unión Europea – NextGenerationEUPublishe
Egg White Protein Film Production Through Extrusion and Calendering Processes and its Suitability for Food Packaging Applications
Full text linkThe goal of this study was to produce a film made of egg white protein (EWP) through extrusion and calendering processes, the most common filmmaking processing technology, and to determine its potential for food packaging applications. The latter was assessed by measuring the mechanical, barrier, thermal, and optical properties; plasticizer leakage; and microbial resistance of the EWP film when exposed to specific combinations of relative humidity (RH) and temperature, and by comparing some of the results to those of commercial polylactic acid (PLA) film, the most commonly used bioplastic for food packaging applications. A transparent, continuous, thin, and uniform EWP film was produced with extruder-zone temperatures of 40 degrees C-50 degrees C-60 degrees C-70 degrees C-75 degrees C from feeder to die and with roller temperatures and speed set to 115-120 degrees C and 0.111rpm. The permeability, lightness, and transmittance of the resulting film were affected by temperature while the RH affected its thickness, tensile properties, permeability, color, transmittance, and glycerol loss. Compared to the PLA film, the EWP film was less breakable and flexible, and had a lower barrier to water and higher rigidity, thermal resistance, and barrier to oxygen. The two materials present similar transparency, lightness, color, barrier to ethanol, and sensitivity to RH. This study proves that EWP film can be produced through extrusion and calendaring processes and can be used as an alternative to other materials for food packaging applications where thermal resistance, rigidity, strength, barrier to oxygen, and avoidance of condensation are desired.The authors thank the Hatch project 1007253 from
the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food
and Agriculture (USDA NIFA). The authors also thank Abdhi Sarkar
with the Michigan State University Center for Statistical Training and
Consulting for her advice on the statistical analyses performed in this
study. Dr. González-Buesa thanks the National Institute for Agricultural
and Food Research and Technology (INIA) for a DOC-INIA research
contract, and the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the
European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013),
REA grant agreement no. 332201.Publishe
Relationship between Sainfoin Proanthocyanidins and in Vitro Fermentation Depending on Time of Harvest and Level of Inclusion in the Diet
Full text linkThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of the presence of active proanthocyanidins (PAC) from sainfoin, either fresh or dehydrated included in the concentrate, on in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters, by including polyethylene glycol to block PAC. Total gas and methane productions, ammonia (NH3-N), and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were analyzed in fresh and in dehydrated sainfoin included in concentrates at different rates (0%, 20% and 40%), and ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) only in the latter. Active PAC from fresh and dehydrated sainfoin reduced the production of gas and methane (P 0.05). The presence of active PAC reduced NH3-N content in fresh sainfoin (P < 0.01), whereas the lower PAC contents in concentrates including dehydrated sainfoin only elicited a tendency (P = 0.06). The presence of sainfoin PAC in the concentrate decreased the BH extent and promoted the trans-11 BH pathway (P < 0.05). The inclusion of dehydrated sainfoin in the concentrate decreased the branched-chain fatty acids (FA; P < 0.01) and increased most of the trans-monounsaturated FA, C18:3 n-3, and BH intermediates (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of sainfoin in the diet of small ruminants can be a useful strategy to reduce gas and methane productions. In addition, the inclusion of dehydrated sainfoin in the concentrate produced changes in the ruminal FA profile that could promote a healthier meat FA profile.Este trabajo ha contado con el apoyo del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España a través de la subvención RTA2017-00008-C02-01; del Gobierno de Aragón a través de la subvención Fondos Agrupados de Investigación (Grupo A25_23R); y de la AEI a través de la beca predoctoral PRE2018-086670.Unpublishe
Screening for genetic resistance in advanced selections of almond rootstocks for the recognition of genotypes resistant to fungal root pathologies
No full texthybrid rootstockFungal diseasesphenotypingartificial inoculationroot-associated pathogensPublishe
Blood transcriptome of Rasa Aragonesa rams with different sexual behavior phenotype reveals CRYL1 and SORCS2 as genes associated with this trait
Full text linkReproductive fitness of rams is seasonal, showing the highest libido during short days coinciding with the ovarian cyclicity resumption in the ewe. However, the remarkable variation in sexual behavior between rams impair farm efficiency and profitability. Intending to identify in vivo sexual behavior biomarkers that may aid farmers to select active rams, transcriptome profiling of blood was carried out by analyzing samples from 6 sexually active (A) and 6 nonactive (NA) Rasa Aragonesa rams using RNA-Seq technique. A total of 14,078 genes were expressed in blood but only four genes were differentially expressed (FDR1) in active rams, whereas the CRYL1 and immunoglobulin lambda-1 light chain isoform X47 (ENSOARG00020025518) genes were downregulated (log2FC < -1) in this same group. Gene set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) identified 428 signaling pathways, predominantly related to biological processes. The lysosome pathway (GO:0005764) was the most enriched, and may affect fertility and sexual behavior, given the crucial role played by lysosomes in steroidogenesis, being the SORCS2 gene related to this signaling pathway. Furthermore, the enriched positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070374) pathway is associated with reproductive phenotypes such as fertility via modulation of hypothalamic regulation and GnRH-mediated production of pituitary gonadotropins. Furthermore, external side of plasma membrane (GO:0009897), fibrillar center (GO:0001650), focal adhesion (GO:0005925), and lamellipodium (GO:0030027) pathways were also enriched, suggesting that some molecules of these pathways might also be involved in rams’ sexual behavior. These results provide new clues for understanding the molecular regulation of sexual behavior in rams. Further investigations will be needed to confirm the functions of SORCS2 and CRYL1 in relation to sexual behavior.This study was partially financed by the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain research project INIA-RTA2015-00090, the Research Group Funds of the Aragón Government (Ref. A14_20R), and FEDER funds. K. Lakhssassi is supported by a doctoral (BES-2017-080154) grant.sexual behaviortranscriptomeramsbloodCRYL1SORCS2Publishe
Effects of feeding strategies during lactation and the inclusion of quebracho in the fattening on performance and carcass traits in light lambs.
No full textThe interest for grazing systems and the use of condensed tannins (CTs) as sources of natural antioxidants in animal diets has been increasing in recent years. The objective was to study the animal performance and carcass quality of the lambs according to the feeding strategy during lactation (indoors, grazing alfalfa, grazing sainfoin) and the inclusion of quebracho as a source of CTs (50 g kg-1 ) in the fattening concentrate.The feeding strategy during lactation only had effects on carcass quality. Indoor lambs had a greater dressing percentage and deposition of kidney fat than sainfoin and alfalfa lambs. The kidney fat of sainfoin- and alfalfa-fed lambs had a greater yellowness, chroma and carotenoid content than the fat of indoor-fed lambs (P < 0.05), whereas the subcutaneous fat colour was not affected by the feeding during lactation. The use of fat colour to trace the feeding strategy was assessed and found insufficiently accurate to implement its use. The inclusion of 50 g kg-1 quebracho in the concentrate fed during the fattening period increased lamb weight gains and feed intake but had little effect on the carcass characteristics.The feeding strategies during lactation had an effect on the carcass characteristics, highlighting the importance of the dam's diet during this period. The inclusion of quebracho in the lamb's concentrate had minor effects.The authors wish to thank the staff of the CITA de Aragon for their help in data collection and lab assistance. This study was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain and the European Union Regional Development Funds (INIA RTA2012-080-00 and INIA RZP2013-00001-00) and the Research Group Funds of the Aragon Government (A49 & A11). M. Blanco is supported by INIA-EFS and S. Lobón by a doctoral grant from the Aragón GovernmenPublishe