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Application of Fluorinated g-C₃N₄ Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Food Processing Wastewaters
No full textOrganic pollutants such as dyes and residues from food processing industries are a major concern for environmental and public health. In this study, we report the synthesis and evaluation of highly fluorinated graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄)-based photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of methyl orange (MO), a model pollutant representative of food dye contaminants. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a promising metal-free photocatalyst, yet its photocatalytic efficiency is hindered by limited visible light absorption and high electron–hole recombination rates. In this study, we report the preparation and characterization of highly fluorinated g-C₃N₄-based materials via direct fluorination using pure F₂ gas at room temperature. Three distinct pristine carbonitride precursors—standard g-C₃N₄, defective gC₃N₄, and carbon-rich g-C₃N₄—were synthesized through thermal treatment of melamine and polycarboxylic acid adducts and subsequently fluorinated under controlled conditions (1.5 h, 40 mL/min F₂, 20 °C). The fluorinated materials exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance toward methyl orange (MO) degradation under visible light irradiation compared to their non-fluorinated counterparts. Comprehensive structural and physicochemical characterization (XRD, DRIFT, TEM, DRS, EPR, TG-MS-FTIR) revealed that fluorination increased the band gap energy, reduced electron–hole recombination, and induced sp²-to-sp³ rehybridization via formation of stable C–F and N–F bonds. The maximum F/C atomic ratio achieved was approximately 0.96, surpassing conventional fluorination approaches. These findings demonstrate that high-level fluorination via pure F₂ gas is an effective strategy for tuning the electronic and structural properties of g-C₃N₄, thereby improving its applicability in photocatalysis for environmental remediation
Symbolic Reflection in Fashion Design: The Evolution of the Modern Woman Through Black and Gold Aesthetics (1990–2025)
No full textThis study explores the evolution of the female figure over the past three decades through the artistic design of garments, as a reflection of social, emotional, and aesthetic transition from 1990 to 2025. Based on the concept of the exhibition “The Silent Transition – The Woman Through Three Decades,” the research examines how fashion transforms into a visual language of collective memory and feminine identity. Through the analysis of black color and golden elements as two symbolic poles of sensitivity and strength, the study deepens the idea of duality that defines the modern woman – fragile yet unbreakable, silent yet radiant. Black is interpreted as a metaphor for emotional depth and the challenges that have accompanied women throughout history, while the golden glow represents the reflection of inner energy and the creative superpower she embodies. By employing design as a reflective medium of symbolism, the exhibition creates both a sensory and conceptual experience, where each garment becomes an individual narrative about the relationship between inner spirituality and social reality. This study aims to highlight the role of design in conveying collective emotions and in constructing a visual history that reflects the transformation, resilience, and brilliance of the modern woman
Typography in Furniture Design with emphasis on Minimalism & Postmodernism as Features in Experimental Product Design
No full textIn contemporary furniture design, the integration of typography has moved beyond traditional graphic applications, evolving into a multidisciplinary design strategy that merges visual communication with material function. This paper investigates three primary approaches to the incorporation of typography in furniture: Typographic Structure, Typographic Patterns, and Typography as a Narrative Layer. The aim is to explore how letterforms can shape not only the aesthetic character but also the structural, functional, and emotional dimensions of furniture design. Through case study analysis, visual documentation, and comparative design methodology, the research examines how typographic elements influence the form, surface, and semantic expression of furniture objects. The findings reveal that Typographic Structure allows letterforms to become integral components of physical support and silhouette, Typographic Patterns enriches surfaces through rhythm, repetition, and abstraction, while Typography as a Narrative Layer transforms furniture into a medium of storytelling and cultural expression. The results indicate that the thoughtful integration of typographic strategies enhances user interaction, communicates identity, and adds semantic depth to functional objects. This research contributes to a broader understanding of the role of typography within product and interior design, offering design professionals new strategies to bridge the gap between language, materiality, and spatial experience
Fashion and Cultural Identity in a Globalized Digital World — Artistic Perspective
No full textThis study explores the intersection of fashion and cultural identity in a globalized digital world from an artistic perspective. Fashion is considered a form of artistic expression, where garments convey cultural narratives through color, texture, form, and symbolism. Traditional cultural motifs, such as Balkan, Turkish, or Albanian patterns, can be digitally reinterpreted to create modern designs that merge art and heritage. Digital technologies, including VR, AR, and 3D simulations, transform clothing into experiential art, allowing interactive engagement with viewers and the communication of cultural messages. This research highlights how the artistic language of fashion design serves both aesthetic and cultural purposes
Artistic Illustrations in bi monthly journal “Jeta e Re” during the Years 1970–1973
No full textThis research examines the contribution of twelve Albanian artists in bi monthly journal on literature “Jeta e Re” during the period of the years 1970-73. Drawing from 18 issues that were published by the Kosovar publishing journal “Jeta e Re”, this research tries to uncover the artistic styles and illustrations that prevailed in the printed matters of the forementioned period. The issues were uncovered in the archives of the National Library of Kosova mainly presented in the form of drawings, etchings and rare painting reproductions in black and white printing. Because the journal “Jeta e Re” was focused mainly on literature, some of the illustrations that were uncovered, were made exclusively for this journal, hence were unique and not seen in other latter publishing’s of these artists, making their revelation and presentation very interesting to the future researchers. These works, published in the period of Former Yugoslavia, in a strong state-controlled governance, transcended ideological filters of social realism, and showed the artists boldness to adhere to international artistic styles of that time. Furthermore, these artists showed a remarkable originality in drawing their inspirations from Albanian folk culture, and translating those inspirations into the profound forms of contemporary art. The findings support the argument that artists in Kosova, in the period of Former Yugoslavia, developed a unique style of artistic expression, that was very genuine and of a high level of creativity
Statistical Modeling of Polyester’s Environmental Profile for EcoEfficient Design
No full textThe increasing emphasis on sustainable product design calls for a data-driven approach to material selection. This study focuses on polyester as a core material in the textile industry, assessing its environmental performance in comparison with selected plastic and textile alternatives. Four sustainability indicators were used: energy consumption (kWh/kg), CO₂ emissions (kg CO₂/kg), functional lifespan (years), and recyclability (%). Data were gathered from validated sources and analyzed using statistical methods, including ANOVA and multiple linear regression. An empirical model was developed to predict material lifespan based on the selected indicators. The findings highlight polyester’s favorable balance of durability, moderate energy demand, and recyclability, positioning it as a viable choice for sustainable textile applications. These insights contribute to informed, sustainability-oriented decisionmaking in product design
Visual Identity as Strategy: How Graphic Design Drives Branding, Marketing, and Rebranding challenges
No full textThis study discusses and analyzes the effects of graphic design on branding, marketing, and brand rebranding, highlighting its evolving role in the age of technological transformation. It focuses on the specific impact visual identity has within brand management and marketing strategy. The research identifies a gap in studies addressing how visual design elements, such as colors, shapes, graphics, and styles combined with emerging digital tools, influence customer perception, awareness, and trust toward existing or new brands. The essential hypothesis is that coherent and strategically implemented graphic design, especially when aligned with digital advancements, influences customer perception, brand awareness, and trust. A mixed-method approach is used, including a review of relevant literature, case studies, and a survey with industry professionals. Results show that coherent and strategic design, especially when adapted to digital platforms, significantly enhances brand perception and customer trust, while drastic visual changes during rebranding may create confusion or scepticism. In conclusion, graphic design, now shaped by rapid technological advancements remains a vital element in building a strong, consistent, and competitive brand presence
Reporting of portals in Kosovo on gender-based violence
No full textGender-based violence constitutes a serious violation of human rights and a reflection of structural inequalities. In Kosovo, although violence against women and girls is widespread, media reporting often fails to place it in a social and institutional context. This topic addresses precisely such a deficiency, drawing on the framework of framing theory and critical analysis of feminist discourse. The study relied on a mixed methods approach that includes content analysis and critical discourse analysis. The findings revealed that reporting by portals in Kosovo on gender-based violence is dominated by articles based on official reports, episodic framing, and a neutral tone with significant cases of sensationalism. The victims are almost all women, while the stories of survivors and the perspectives of experts remain in the shadows. The research also reveals that victim-blaming language and sensationalism remain pervasive, which consequently reinforces stereotypes. The study finds that while portals in Kosovo help raise awareness, they often reproduce limited narratives
The impact of podcasts on the creation of public discourse in Kosova
No full textIn the digital era, podcasts have emerged as a powerful medium of communication that significantly influences public discourse. This study aims to highlight the impact of podcasts on the creation and shaping of public discourse in Kosovo. Through an in-depth analysis of podcast content and a series of interviews with creators, listeners, and communication experts, this paper examines the ways in which podcasts contribute to informing, educating, and mobilizing public opinion. In Kosovo, where traditional media face various challenges, podcasts have become an important platform for information and discussion. They provide opportunities to address topics that often remain outside the focus of traditional media and include diverse voices in public debates. In this context, podcasts have emerged as a flexible and accessible tool for providing information and creating public discourse. They not only inform but also play a key role in shaping public opinion and encouraging important social discussions. The research findings show that podcasts offer a format that allows for deeper and freer discussions, less constrained by censorship or time limitations typical of traditional media, enabling the exploration of a wide range of topics— from political and economic issues to cultural and social matters
The Right to Good Administration in the Republikc of Kosovo
No full textThis scientific paper aims to examine the right to good administration as a fundamental guarantee of protection of citizens rights, as a right which defends us against the arbitrary administrative decisions in the Kosovo. This paper aims to answer the following question: how can we improve good administration in the Republic of Kosovo? Under Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union Article 41 is guaranteed Right to good administration. Additionally, Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo Chapter II defines and guaranteed Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. Furthermore, the right to good administration is upheld through administrative procedure, judicial review and public liability. In regrade, The Principles of Public Administration (2023) endorsed by the OECD and the European Commission, sets out what good public governance entails in practice and outlines the main requirements to be followed by countries during the European Union (EU) integration process. Thus, Law No. 05/L-031 on General Administrative Procedure (LGAP)meets the minimum standards of good administration. This right includes: the basic rights of the parties, the right of access to files of the proceedings, the right to be heard prior to final decision and the right to appeal first-instance decisions. In this regard, administrative appeal may also be lodged against administrative inaction, if the public institution has kept silent past the statutory deadline. In this study, analyse the possibility to encode the fundamental principles of the good administration, to modernize the public administration in Kosovo. Furthermore, this study substantiates the need for the legal reform. Methods: In this study, various methodologies are employed, including qualitative, analytical, comparative-legal, descriptive and quantitative (statistical) methods. The results provide insights that the general framework for administrative proceedings how Law No. 05/L-031 on General Administrative Procedure and harmonisation of other procedural laws with the LGAP is not the right solution. For this reason, the authors substantiate the necessary to approved for the Code for Administrative Procedure for putting the principle of good administration into practice, protection of citizens rights and good governance