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Exploring Patterns and Growth in Motor Vehicle Registrations Through Data Visualization
No full textThis research examines the patterns and trends of motor vehicle registrations in North Macedonia\u27s municipalities between 2012 and 2023. The analysis, which breaks down vehicle types by year, includes motorcycles, passenger cars, buses, and freight vehicles. Every year, the data is arranged into blocks of nine columns, each of which includes comprehensive information for each town. Finding significant insights, such as growth patterns, changes in the popularity of particular vehicle types, and geographical variations, is the aim of this investigation. The project provides a thorough understanding of the evolution of automobile registrations in the nation over time by processing and visualizing data using Python and Jupyter Notebook
Data Science against Human Trafficking: Evidence from North Macedonia
No full textHuman trafficking is a severe yet often underreported crime in North Macedonia. With the rapid growth of technology and communication platforms, traffickers have shifted recruitment and exploitation strategies online. This project explores the patterns and trends of human trafficking in Republic of North Macedonia through and through the lens of using Data Mining and Different visual analytics. By using a structured dataset containing Victim demographics, the types of exploitation, recruitment methods and other different attributes, the analysis is Focused on identifying vulnerable groups, especially the individuals of age 18-25 and underage minors. Advanced visualizations have revealed the distribution of trafficking by victims age, the victims gender and nationality, while using decision tree modeling and confusion matrix evaluations provides predictions insights into the relationship between demographic factors and forms of exploitation such as sexual exploitation, forced labor, and forced marriage. The Projects results highlights alarming trends among underage female victims and dominant recruitment tactics, by offering critical support for law enforcement, NGO’s and policymakers. So this project not does only demonstrate the power of data science in social impact research but also provides a data-driven foundation for future interventions against human trafficking in North Macedonia
From Kahoot to ChatGPT: Student Perceptions of EdTech and AI in English Language Learning Motivation
No full textIn the age of artificial intelligence and digital education, understanding how students respond to technology in the classroom has become increasingly important. This study explores the perceptions of middle and high school students regarding the impact of educational technology (EdTech) and AI-powered tools on their motivation to learn English as a foreign language (EFL). Conducted in a private school in Mitrovica, Kosovo, the study surveyed 130 students from grades 6 to 12 using a structured questionnaire administered via Google Forms. The survey focused on commonly used tools such as Kahoot, YouTube, Grammarly, Duolingo, and ChatGPT. The findings aim to reveal how frequently students engage with these tools, how they perceive their usefulness, and whether they feel more motivated or confident in learning English when digital tools are integrated into instruction. Preliminary results suggest that interactive and AI-supported platforms can enhance students\u27 interest and participation, particularly when used in meaningful, context-driven ways. The study contributes to the growing body of research on technology-enhanced language learning and offers practical insights for educators seeking to integrate digital tools into their EFL classrooms effectively
Research on the Concentration of PM₁₀, PM₂. ₅ Particulate Matter and NO₂, O₃, SO₂, CO Gases in the City of Peje
No full textThis study presents the results of air quality monitoring in the city of Peje during 2024, focusing on the concentration of particulate matter (PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅) and gaseous pollutants (NO₂, O₃, SO₂, and CO). Measurements were carried out in accordance with the methodologies defined in Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and Law No. 08/L-025 on protection against air pollution in Kosovo. Pollutant concentrations were expressed in μg/m³, except for CO, which was reported in mg/m³. In parallel, meteorological parameters such as precipitation, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, wind direction and speed, and temperature were analysed to evaluate their influence on pollutant variability. The results showed that PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ concentrations increased during the winter season, mainly due to residential heating and intensified anthropogenic activities, and were strongly affected by atmospheric stability and limited dispersion conditions. In contrast, during the summer season, higher levels of tropospheric ozone (O₃) were observed, influenced by anthropogenic precursors, elevated temperatures, solar radiation, and meteorological dynamics. Comparison with the limit values set in both national and international legislation revealed several exceedances, emphasizing the need for stronger air quality management measures. This study provides valuable insights into the seasonal behavior of key air pollutants in Peja, a city characterized by its surrounding winter tourism potential and a river flowing through its urban area. The integration of meteorological parameters enhances the understanding of pollution dynamics, supporting evidence-based decision-making for public health protection and sustainable regional development
The investigation of the effect of post-harvest period on fruits of certain apple cultivars
No full textThe object of our research where the fruits of five apple cultivars such as Fuji, Gala, Green Smith, Red Falstaff and Jona Gold. The aim of the research was to analyze the impact of the post-harvest period on their chemical composition. The analyzed parameters were: water, brix value, Ph, vitamin C, proteins and nitrogen. The samples were analyzed at the Agricultural Institute of Kosovo in Peja. Based on the results obtained it was found that 6 months after the harvest there was a decrease in most chemical parameters (water, Ph, vitamin C, proteins and nitrogen), but from the other hand Brix value marked an increase. The Red Falstaff apple cultivar recorded the highest percentage of water loss, Ph and the highest percentage of Brix increase. The highest percentage of Vitamin C loss was observed in the Green Smith apple cultivar. While the highest percentage of protein and nitrogen loss was observed in the Jona Gold cultivar
The Process of Design and Production of Furniture and Interior with Wood Products in the Municipality of Gjakova
No full textThe wood processing and interior design industry represents a highly significant sector in economic development of the country, particularly in the municipality of Gjakova, which has a rich tradition of craftsmanship. This study aims to analyze the design and production processes of wooden interior products, examining the main challenges and opportunities faced by this sector. The research is based in a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including literature review, case analysis, and interviews with respective industry specialists. A total of 28 wood processing enterprises engaged in interior design in Gjakova were included in the study, where the design processes, the use of technologies (traditional and modern), and the management of raw materials and waste were analyzed. The results indicate that a large proportion of businesses still rely on traditional methods; however, a considerable number have begun to adopt modern technologies such as CNC machines, creating a synergy between tradition and innovation. Material selection is primarily oriented toward the use of solid wood, with a particular focus on beech, which is the most commonly used material due to its availability in Kosovo’s forests, as well as wood-based panels. Nevertheless, key challenges remain, including the harmonization between design and production, the supply of high-quality raw materials, the lack of professional training, and losses during manufacturing and transportation. The study suggests modernizing production processes, strengthening collaboration between designers and manufacturers, promoting the use of ecofriendly materials, and developing marketing strategies to enhance competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. In conclusion, the wood industry in Gjakova holds great development potential, but it requires an integrated approach that combines tradition with modern technologies and sustainable practices
Visualizing Transformation: The Intersection of Graphic Design, Sustainability, and Technology
No full textThis paper analyzes and discusses the development of graphic design in the context of sustainable development, taking into account the environmental, social, and technological factors that affect this field. It is assumed that sustainability has become a challenge that cannot be overlooked in design, and especially in graphic design. This analysis is focused on examining the concrete question of how sustainability principles are being incorporated into current design practices, adapting them to modern perspectives, through analytical and exploratory approaches. The analysis also includes current trends, technological innovations, and future potentials in this field. The paper illustrates how graphic design can act as a transformative factor for economic, environmental and social awareness. The results show that designers will need to create new and ongoing competencies in order to meet the demands and challenges arising from sustainability and technology. In the future, more in-depth studies will be needed to identify methods and opportunities to facilitate the required transformation of graphic design and increase its adaptive capacity
Environmental law and environmental crime on indoor air quality in life cycle assessments
No full textProducts used during construction and operation of a building can contribute to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) problems that affect occupants’ well-being. However, IAQ is conventionally not addressed in the life cycle assessments (LCAs) of buildings and building related products even though IAQ leads to one of the areas of protection under LCA - human health impacts. In this study, we proposed an overall framework for integrating IAQ into LCA using the standard steps of LCA. The framework focused on IAQ and LCA modeling from two categories of building related products: 1) passive products that realize their function through initial installation and have long-term decayed emissions, and 2) active equipment that realize their function and cause emissions through daily operation. Dynamic and static life cycle inventory modeling approaches were proposed for passive products and active equipment, respectively. We concluded that it was feasible to integrate IAQ into building related LCA studies. Development of IAQ related impact assessment methodologies can improve upon the limitations of this study. Further studies need to be carried out to compare the health. This study demonstrates the appropriateness and significance of integrating indoor environments into LCA, which ensures a more holistic account of all exposure environments and allows for a better accountability of health impacts. Reducing chemical pressure on human and environmental health is an integral part of the global sustainability agenda
Inflation and Social Welfare: The Role and Legal Responsibilities of the State for Ensuring the Standard of Living - The Case of Kosovo
No full textThis paper examines the relationship between inflation and social welfare at the global level, including the Republic of Kosovo, assessing the legal roles and responsibilities of the state to ensure an acceptable standard of living. The analysis are based on statistical data from 2010–2024, which show that the family’s basket products in 2010 were purchased for 89.4 €, in 2015 the same basket was purchased for 100 €, while in 2024 it costs 130.1 €, which means that in 2015 the same family basket cost 10.6 € more compared to the prices of the products of the family basket in 2010, while the prices of the same products of the basket in 2024 increased by 30.1 € more compared to 2015, respectively 40.7 € more compared to 2010. The findings show that high inflation expresses the erosion of the purchasing power of money and at the same time has influenced, firstly, the decrease in the purchasing power of families and secondly, it has increased relative poverty of families. So, coordinated legal and political measures are needed, including automatic harmonization of pensions and all other social benefits, ensuring that the cost of living does not decrease normally by strengthening budgetary transparency of all financial transactions and transfers in any country, especially in transition countries such as Kosovo. The non-harmonization of pensions and other social payments with inflation was considered by many institutions such as IKL as a violation of the fundamental rights of pensioners
Necessary Defense as a Legal Institute for the Exclusion of Unlawfulness in the Criminal Law of Kosovo
No full textNecessary defense constitutes one of the general grounds for excluding the unlawfulness of an act or omission which, under normal circumstances, would be considered a criminal offense. This legal institute is sanctioned by the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo and aims to protect legal interests in cases where law enforcement authorities are unable to intervene in time to ensure order and security. Through its legal framework, necessary defense enables individuals to act in self-defense without facing criminal liability, provided that the conditions set by law are fulfilled. This paper aims to provide both a theoretical and practical analysis of this legal institute, by examining the criteria that legitimize necessary defense and the boundaries within which it may be exercised. The study seeks to construct a clear and comprehensible approach to the function and importance of this mechanism within the criminal justice system, while also encouraging its correct interpretation and application in judicial practice. Ultimately, it is emphasized that necessary defense is not only a legal right, but also a necessity for preserving social order and the fundamental rights of individuals