UIN (Universitas Islam Negeri) Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta: E-Journal Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam
Not a member yet
684 research outputs found
Sort by
Relationship between Islamic Stock Prices and Macroeconomic Variables: Evidence from Jakarta Stock Exchange Islamic Index
Get PDFThis paper attempts to analyze the relationship between Jakarta Stock Exchange Islamic Index (JII) and selected macroeconomic variables namely exchange rate, industrial production, inflation rate, and money supply. We used monthly data from January 2000 toDecember 2010.The methodology used in this paper is time series techniques of co-integration and vector autoregression (VAR). In the analysis, we rely on variance decompositions and impulse-response functions to capture the strength of interactions among variables. The results revealed that there is co-integration between Islamic stock prices and macroeconomic variables. Specifically, Indonesian Islamic stock market are driven more by domestic factors. These macroeconomic factors considered to be emphasized as the policy instruments by the governments in order to stabilize Islamic stock prices
Significance and Key Challenges in Conducting Stress Testing for Islamic Commercial Banks
Get PDFWith the current cross-border growth in Islamic finance, Islamic commercial banks (ICBs) are looking forward to being perceived as an industry in the process of becoming mature. This would require the establishment of some basic infrastructure, including sophisticated risk management tools that enhance the soundness and resilience of the ICBS. This paper focuses on the latter that is the role and significance of stress testing as a risk management tool. The stress testing has become part of the regulatory and supervisory authorities within the financial stability analysis. The global financial crisis (2008) has placed the spotlight squarely on stress tests. Though, ICBs operate within the similar financial environment, and their balance sheet composition, however, calls for different treatment in stress testing. Apart from the specificities of ICBs, there are key issues and challenges that should be given due considerations in developing an appropriate stress testing regime. This paper explores key specificities and challenges. The paper argues that in the beginning, conducting the stress testing may not appear a simple task for the ICBs. However, a proper consideration to the challenges identified in the paper would certainly tend to improve the overall effectiveness and credibility of the stress testing programmes
The Foundations of Islamic Finance: Appraising the Approaches and Challenges
Get PDFThe emergence of Islamic finance as a system of thought and practice is timely in the midst of world crisis and the uncertain proposals for solving it. It is hoped that Islamic finance could offer a coherent perspective for understanding real economic problems as well as a genuine alternative to the very foundations of how finance should be managed to actualize human prosperity. It is widely expected that Islamic finance will continuously evolve into a more sophisticated form and structure in the next decade. Some, however, question whether the development is moving on the right track to realize the hopes pinned on it at the time of its initial establishment. This embarks from the differences in understanding the raison d?etre of Islamic finance emergence and hence approach taken in developing the industry. In this paper we argue that Islamic finance should be directed to provide for meaningful development in thetwenty-first century, Islamic finance must realize its full potential as a system, not merely a stopgap means of surviving the crisis. It must go beyond that to provide the guidelines for managing a good economy, stimulating growth and development, realizing socio-economic justice and promoting employment and stability. It cannot limit itself to merely offering economic and financial practices that satisfy the minimum standard of legal requirements
The Financing Problems Facing the Agricultural Sector in Nigeria and the Prospect of Waqf-Muzaraah-Supply Chain Model (WMSCM)
Get PDFAgriculture sector becomes important sector in many developing countries including in Nigeria. The contribution of agricultural sector to the development of Nigeria is considerable. This important sector was the economic backbone upon which the government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria relied for its foreign exchange and revenue. A country was once a net exporter of agricultural products. However, since the discovery of oil in the early 1960, agricultural productivity has continually decreased due to many problems, especially related to financial aspect. Several programmes and policies have been adopted by various administrations to find solution to the dwindling agricultural productivity but to no avail. These solutions have mainly focused on alleviating the financial problems the farmers face. Usually financial intermediaries including banks would provide micro-financing to the farmers but with high interest rates coupled with collateral requirements. Hence, this mode of financing has not produced any significant result. This study will therefore examine problems facing agricultural sector in Nigeria with special emphasis on its financial aspect and propose a Waqf-MuzaraahSupply Chain model (WMSCM). Under this model, Waqf fund will be used for providing financial facility of the farmers. The relationship between farmers and financial institutions is based on partnership where profit and loss will be shared by both parties. This will enhance commitment by and cooperation among both parties to ensure the success of the business. Furthermore, the issues of collateral and high interest rate that constrain the financial ability of the farmers and their agricultural output are inherently solved by the model. Moreover, the model has features of investment and risk diversification for both the financial institutions and the farmers that will lead to high agricultural productivity and employment generation in the economy
Islamic Banking - Value Added Intellectual Coeficient (IB-VAIC) as an Intellectual Capital Proxy Indonesian Islamic Banking
Get PDFThe main idea of this research is to make the concept of intellectual capital as the most valuable intangible assets for the company. Basically, tangible assets which is owned by the company is also controlled by humans. This study offers Islamic Banking-Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (IB-VAICTM) modified the model pulic by Ulum (2013) as a performance measurement of intellectual capital of Islamic banking in Indonesia. This study also makes Islamic banks rank in term of Best Performance Index (BPI) which is measured using IB-VAIC™. The data used are annual reports, particularly financial performance and balance sheet, obtained either through the official website of each bank as well as from BI website. This study finds that during the study period (2010-2014), the overall performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia in the category of "good performers" with a score of VAIC 2.57. The results also indicates that individual banks that including into the category of "top performers" are three (3) banks, "good performers" 4 (four) Bank and "common performers" 4 (four) Bank. The limitations of this study is that the data used only 11 (eleven) Commercial Bank (BUS) in Indonesia, while the overall number of banks per January 2015 was 197
Socio-Economic Disclosure in Islamic Banking Case Study in Indonesia
Get PDFIslamic Banking must give benefit for their stakeholders. Benefit reflects the performance of Islamic Banking which can be seen through their annual reports. One of important information which reflects the performance of Islamic Banking is socio-economicdisclosure. This report gives information about the performance of Islamic Banking which covers social and economic aspects which show the social economic responsibility of Islamic Banking. Socio-economic disclosure indicators have been taken from Corporate Social Performance which are the indicators consist of four parts, namely community involvement; human resources; natural resources and contribution to the environment; contribution to the product or service. This paper uses qualitative method. This research identifies the socioeconomic disclosure from annual report of Islamic Banking in Indonesia, majoring Bank Syariah Mandiri and Bank Muamalat Indonesia. The result of this paper shows that Bank Syariah Mandiri and Bank Muamalat Indonesia conduct social economic responsibility through socio-economic disclosure from annual report of both of the Islamic Banks in 2009
Analysis the Effect of Macroeconomic Indicators and Specific-Firm Characteristic as Determinant Profitability of Islamic Banks in Asia
Get PDF: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of macroeconomic indicators and specific-firm characteristics on the profitability of Islamic banks in Asia for period 2008-2012. Macroeconomic indicators using variables GDP growth and inflation, while the firm-specific characteristics using variables leverage, capitalization, operating expense, asset quality, number of branches, and firm size. Bank profitability measured by ROA and ROE. Research method using Ordinary Least Squares regression (OLS) to process the data types unbalanced panels and balanced panel. Unbalanced panel using sample of 42 Islamic banks with 188 observations, while on balanced panel using sample of 28 Islamic banks with 140 observations. The result of this research shows that capitalization, firm size, GDP growth, and inflation are determinants affecting ROA with positive and significant influence, while operating expense and leverage are significantly negative determinants that affect ROA. Asset quality and number of branches had no significant influence to ROA. The research also shows that determinant factors that affect ROE with positive and significant influence are captalization, number of branch, GDP growth, and inflation, while operating expense, and asset quality are determinants that affect significantly negative to ROE. Leverage and firm size don’t have significant influence to ROE. These results expected to be useful as a consideration material to improve the performance of Islamic banking, especially in Indonesia in order to compete with Islamic banking in Asia
Application of Islamic Consumer Theory: An Empirical Analysis in the Context of Bangladesh
Get PDFOne of the main goals of economics is to satisfy the wants of consumer. Like as conventional economics, Islamic economics has also its own law of consumption which is superior to that of conventional economics. This paper presents an empirical survey report on the application of Islamic consumer theory in Bangladesh.The survey is conducted on 184 graduate students of economics from university of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Besides, the consumption framework of Islamic economics has been discussed in this paper. The research finds that, the majority percent of respondents consider Halal (lawful), Haram (unlawful), economic disadvantages of other consumers, scope of reward and punishment in hereafter life (life after death) in their consumptions and other economic activities. The report explores that, though the wants is unlimited, the respondents are capable to control their wants and choose moderate and simple standard of living. In addition, they mentioned that, the use of interest is not essential to run economic activities and interest free economy is possible. It is found that, a large proportion of the respondents did not study Islamic economics due to unavailability of the reading materials in spite of having their interest while half of the respondents read it. Finally, the opinion is found that, religious and ethical instruments (Zakat, donation, hereafter life etc.) should be included in the syllabus of modern economics in school, college and university level. The findings satisfy the assumptions of Islamic consumption framework. Finally, it presents the problems, prospects and recommendations to apply the Islamic consumer theory in Bangladesh
The Rational Behavior Concept in Islam and Policy Framework Perspectives
Get PDFThe primary notion of preference and utility under Islamic perspective is to restore the consumer behavior in accordance with the concept of maslahah. The paper basically tries to apply the concept of maslahah by specifically defining it into Good Deeds (G) and Bad Deeds (B) concepts subject to a certain limit of Ability (A). Hicksian and Marshallian demand functions are used to model maslahah under Islamic banking practices in Indonesia and Malaysia. The paper employs several variables to gauge the Maslahah (M) as well as Ability (A) function. Empirically, the variables used to measure Maslahah function are deposit, financing, and rate of return variables. In addition, Cobb-Douglas (CD) utility function is utilized to model the maslahah. Indonesia seems to have bigger maslahah compared with Malaysia according to Islamic Banking practices, but more effort should be persistently undertaken by Indonesian Islamic Banks to retain a certain level of maslahah instead of Malaysia. Since maslahah is seen as the manifestation of Good Effort (Eg), some policies frameworks could be suggested, namely regarding shariah framework, tax regime, and someoutstanding issues and challenges for Islamic banking development
Accounting Treatment for Unrestricted Investment Deposits and its Implication to Islamic Financial Institution
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to analyze the accounting treatment for mudharabah especially for account unrestricted investment (mudharabah mutlaqoh) in practical side which has been appling in the current Islamic banking system. This paper also concerns on the impliaction of different accounting treatment to the islamic financial institution. This study finds that there two different accounting treatment for Unrestricted Mudharabah currently practised by Islamic banking, namely as liability and as different account between equity and liability. The two differents of accounting treatment for mudharabah investment account (UIAHS) will have some implication to Islamic banking, namely: Profit distribution, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Risk management and Capital structure. Based on IFSB Capital Adequacy Standard, in accounting treatment AAOFI standard, since the mudharabah Investment account has portion between liability and equity, thus the alpha maybe equal to 0.5. However, in case of Malaysia which is more based on IFRS which is treated this account as a liability, alpha is close to one (1). The different CAR also will have implication on the risk management that should be conducted by Islamic bank. Capital structure policy is another aspect that will be influenced by the different of accounting treatment of UIAHS. Hence, the accounting treatment of UIAHS on whether it will be treated as equity or liability will has direct effect on capital structure policy and some other aspect such as default risk, bankruptcy cost etc