UIN (Universitas Islam Negeri) Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta: E-Journal Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam
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The Determination of Money: A comparative analysis of Zakat (Alms) and Income Tax payers among selected ASEAN countries
Get PDFAbstractPurpose: The objective of this study is to provide a solution for ASEAN countries regarding zakat and income tax under Islamic monetary system. When the alms payer spend their alms, they don’t need to pay income tax because they have to deduct already their amount through one channel only.Design/Method: This study based on qualitative measurement technique and includes several constitution acts regarding zakat (alms) payer and income tax acts. This study builds a notion to make the alms as the subtrahend of income tax so it could minimize the burden for those who are obliged to pay both of the tax and alms, where it will lead to a positive impact in terms of increase the number of alms payer and tax payer.Results: The result of these alms are distributed among eight categories set in Quran in order to decrease poverty and boost economic growth in particular countries. The alms payer are disputatively increase then the society will feel welfare of the distributed result of alms to the people. Moreover, everyone has more money to pay taxes especially those belong from low incomes, whose earnings have to be cut again by the income tax paid, which doesn’t mention the religious absolute obligation to pay zakat mal.Originality of Work: The study investigates a comparative analysis between two different deduction systems on income. Furthermore, this study also helps policy makers for real implication of alms in the country and creates reform of monetary system for financial institutions
MARKET POWER AND EFFICIENCY OF ISLAMIC BANKING AND CONVENTIONAL BANKING IN INDONESIA
Get PDFASEAN Economic Community (AEC) of banking industry requires both Islamic and conventional banking to improve their efficiency because the competition in banking market industry will be more intense. Therefore, this study aims to identify the type of hyphotesis of industrial organization which exists in Islamic and conventional banks in order to investigate their readiness for AEC. The research sampling consists of 10 Islamic banks and 10 conventional banks from January 2009 to December 2016. To measure x-efficiency and scale efficiency, this research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Meanwhile, the concentration is measured by Lerner index. The hypothesis is tested by using panel regression. The result shows SCP (Structure-Conduct-Performance) hypothesis is closely applied to Islamic and conventional banks because market concentration significantly influences profitability. RMP (Relative Market Power) hypothesis is also closely applied to Islamic and conventional banking, this indicates Indonesian banking has market power in determining prices and this condition makes the profit higher. RES (Relative Efficiency Structure) and SES (Scale Efficiency Structure) hypothesis do not exist in both conventional and Islamic banks because x-efficiency and scale efficiency do not affect profitability, concentration, and market share simultaneously. Market power and efficiency researches are commonly conducted in conventional banking, however there are only a few research in Islamic banking area. The novelty of this study is the comparison between conventional and Islamic banking in the term of market structure and efficiency
Zakat Fund As The Starting Point Of Entrepreneurship In Order to Alleviate Poverty (SDGs Issue)
Get PDFAs known, Indonesia is a nation with the largerst Moslem society in the world. According to data issued by Bappenas, in 2020 the population of Indonesia is predicted about 271,066,400 people (Bappenas: 2018). 85 percent of this population (ca. 230.406.440 people) are Moslems. It shows the huge potential in the acceptance of zakat fund, as an obligation for a Moslem who has qualified in accordance with the provisions of Islam. Since MDGs declared in 2000 (UNRC: 2008) which contains a commitment to accelerate human development and poverty alleviation (8 goals), Indonesia has a strong commitment to achieve the MDGs targets became one of Indonesia’s main priorities. As a continuation of the MDGs program, in 2015, more than 190 world leaders committed to 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Indonesia, 17 SDGs are grouped into 4 part, one of them is poverty alleviation (UNDP Indonesia: 2018). One of the goals for poverty alleviation is explained with the goal number 8, that is decent work and economic growth. And one of the drivers the existence of decent work and economic growth is the growth of entrepreneurship activities.The growth of entrepreneurship can be implemented with the support of funds. One of them come from the distribution of zakat fund acceptance. By terminology, zakat means a certain amount of property that is required by Allah SWT to be given to the mustahik mentioned in the Qur’an. Or it could also mean a certain amount of certain property given to a particular person (Solihin: 2010). There is a fund transfer from muzaki (zakat payer) to mustahik (zakat recipient).With the transfer of funds, there is an expectation that there will be a better life change for mustahik, so that in time they will be becomes muzaki.This activity is expected to occur continously, forming a circle of increasing goodness. And ultimately will improve society wellbeing. To support this paper, the author use a qualitative methods with secondary datas and supported by Tawhidi String Relation (TSR) theory which includes the method of circular causation and IIE (interaction, integration and evolution) method. Keywords : zakat, entrepreneurship, poverty alleviation, SDGs, TSR
ANALISIS PENGARUH INDEKS HARGA SAHAM GABUNGAN REGIONAL ASIA TERHADAP INDEKS HARGA SAHAM GABUNGAN INDONESIA
Get PDFABSTRACTThe aims of this research is to analyze the influence of NIKKEI 225 Index (^N225), HANG SENG Index (^HSI), KOSPI Index (^KS11), Strait Times Index (^STI), and Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (^KLSE) simultaneously and partially in Jakarta Composite Index (^JKSE) during 2009 to 2017. Method of multiple linier regression with significant level 0,05 using STATA 10 program. The populations and samples was used this research is stock index on ASIA regional (NIKKEI 225 (Japan), HANG SENG Index (Hongkong), KOSPI (South Korea), Strait Times Index (Singapore), Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (Malaysia), and Jakarta Composite Index (Indonesia)) was conducted during January 2009 to May 2017. Results of this research simultaneously model for all independent variables are influence to dependent variable. However, parcially model ^N225, ^KS11 and ^KLSE variables positive and significant influence to ^JKSE variable. Whereas ^HSI and ^STI variable are not effect to ^JKSE variable during January 2009 to May 2017.Keywords: JKSE; N225; HSI; KS11; STI; KLSE
Contemporary Issues in Current Account Operations in Pakistani IBs - Sharia Compliant Solution
Get PDFContemporary Sharia scholars have three stances about the Current Account Operations in Pakistani Islamic Banks (IBs) i.e., (i) Ijarah based contract (ii) Wadi’ah based contract, and (iii) Qard based contract. This paper is an attempt to delve into the root causes of the differences of scholars and to find the Sharia-compliant solution acceptable for all. Descriptive as well as applied approaches are used in this paper. Clearing of ambiguity on this issue may result in twofold benefits: from the public point of view, it would satisfy practising Muslims which may result in form of huge deposits in this account (ii) from IBs viewpoint the Current Account is a bonus deposit
Measuring The Efficiency of Pesantren Cooperatives: Evidence in Indonesia
Get PDFThe Cooperative (Koperasi) as a non-Bank financial institution has the purpose of improving the welfare of its members as Koperasi Hidmat and the staffs of Latifah Mubarokiyah Koperasi Ponses Suryalaya that have been since decades ago. Over time, the ideal cooperative can show a significant development and increase the welfare of its members. This study aims to determine the efficiency of cooperative as a benchmark, because by known the performance value of a cooperation, it will known the weeknesses and advantages so that it can be improved the weaknesses and maintain the advantages.The method used is apply Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Inputs used from principal savings, mandatory savings, and fixed assets while the output used from savings in the cooperative, savings in other cooperative and SHU. As for result of this research indicates there are 9 perfect efficient DMUs (100 %) and inefficient DMU is 11 DMUs, consisting of 7 (IRS conditions) and 4 (DRS condition). The most inefficient cooperative is Koperasi Hidmat (2014) of 30.66% efficiency level.Kopkar IAILM is able to maintain its grade efficiency level from 2009 to 2015 when compared to other DMUs cooperatives in the observation, except in 2014. The calculation of efficiency level in this research is relative and it is not absolute, so that it is possible when the cooperative sample is added or the observation year is expanded, so it will get different result. The necessity of any cooperative or BMT based on Pondok Pesantren to make annual financial statements in order to increase accountability and transparency of fund management
THE DETERMINANTS OF RURAL POVERTY (A Study of Tobacco Farmers in Temanggung)
Get PDFRural poverty is a problem that seemed vicious because poverty is a structural problem that will always be there. Poverty of farmers in rural areas must be addressed in an effort to increase the capacity and capability of farmers to form farmers\u27 productive behaviors that have an impact on increasing empowerment.This study tried to explore the problems of poverty in rural areas, particularly poverty tobacco farmers in Temanggung. This is motivated because the Temanggung tobaccos are the world\u27s best tobacco, but its majority people are poor. This study uses primary data approach, the method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using path analysis. Then in-depth explanation with interviews and observations analysis techniques to obtain optimal qualitative interpretation.The results showed that the capacity, culture, government empowerment, social capital and religiosity as independent variables affect the attitudes of society, which in turn affect the empowerment of the poor as poverty reduction efforts
PENERAPAN METODE PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS SIX SIGMA PADA HEYJACKER COMPANY
Get PDFKota Bandung selama ini dikenal sebagai kota dengan destinasi wisata belanja yang menarik. Kota ini juga bertujuan untuk menjadi kota ekonomi kreatif, yang untuk mewujudkannya diperlukan UMKM yang terus bertumbuh. Heyjacker Company sebagai UMKM di bidang fashion harus bersiap dengan terus menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas produknya agar bisa tetap bersaing dengan UMKM lain yang sejenis. Dalam proses produksi parka, Heyjacker Company kerap menghasilkan produk cacat hampir mencapai 10% dari jumlah produksinya pada setiap bulannya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan penerapan pengendalian kualitas six sigma pada produksi parka di Heyjacker Company. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) dengan menggunakan New seven Tools dalam setiap tahapannya. Melalui metode six sigma , dapat diketahui bahwa nilai sigma sebesar 3.96 dengan DPMO 6.911,53. Pada tahap define digunakan diagram sipoc untuk mengetahui hubungan antara proses dengan input dan output. Tahap analyze digunakan tree diagram untuk mengetahui penyebab utama dari setiap kecacatan, tahap ini merupakan pengembangan dari factor umum penyebab cacat yang sebelumnya telah dicari menggunakan diagram afinitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa six sigma dapat menurunkan tingkat kecacatan produk parka pada Heyjacker Company. Faktor penyebab timbulnya kecacatan dipengaruhi oleh pegawai, sarana & prasarana, teknik kerja, alat & bahan kerja. Namun, faktor pegawai dan teknik kerja mendominasi faktor penyebab timbulnya kecacatan produk parka pada Heyjacker Company. Kata kunci: Pengendalian Kualitas, Six Sigma, DMAIC, Diagram Sipoc, Tree Diagra
Factors Influence Intention to Opt for Islamic Investment Schemes among Market Players
Get PDFEmploying theory of reasoned action with religiosity as its additional construct in the model, this paper is aimed at examining factors influence the intention of investors to opt Islamic investment schemes in Malaysia Islamic capital markets. As many as 120 questionnaires were collected from market players in Bursa Malaysia using online survey. Afterwards, the data collected were analyzed using structural equation model to reveal the relationship of variables tested in the proposed model. The result shows that religiosity and subjective norms appeared to be the significant factors affecting intention to choose Islamic investment schemes in Malaysia Islamic capital markets. Interestingly, despite its significant role shown in previous studies, this study has shown insignificant level of the attitude in predicting the intention behavior. The managerial implications are discussed in this paper
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGHENTIAN PREMATUR ATAS PROSEDUR AUDIT
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is: 1) knowing the sequence of audit procedure which most often signed off by auditor 2) testing effect of external and internal factors on premature signed off of audit procedure. The sample of this study are auditors of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK RI) in the head office and the representative office. Sampling technique used is convenience sampling. Survey method for this study by distributing questionare. Data analysis uses Friedman test and regression logistic analysis with significance level (α) 5%.Friedman test result indicates that there are sequence of priority of audit procedure tend to be signed off. The most audit procedure which often to be signed off is internal auditor judgment and audit procedure which seldom to be signed off is substantive test. Logistic regression test shows that audit risk, materiality, professional commitment, and locus of control affect premature sign off of audit procedure, meanwhile time budget pressure, time deadline pressure, and role overload do not affect premature sign off of audit procedure