International Journal of Global Community (Riksawan Institute - IJGC-RI)
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Trends in stomach cancer mortality in relation to living conditions in childhood:A study among cohorts born between 1860 and 1939 in seven European countries
No full textAim: To assess whether secular trends in stomach cancer mortality were correlated with trends in infant mortality rate (IMR) or gross domestic product (GDP).Methods: Data from seven European countries were analyzed. We used Poisson regression to describe mortality trends among birth cohorts of 1865-1939 and correlation coefficients to determine associations with IMR/GDP.Results: Large differences were observed between birth cohorts in mortality from stomach cancer. In each country, these cohort differences were closely related to IMR/GDP levels at birth time. However, stronger associations were observed with measures of living conditions during later life. In comparisons between countries, stomach cancer mortality rates were not consistently related to national levels of IMR/GDP.Conclusion: General living conditions in childhood do not seem to have had a predominant effect on secular trends in stomach cancer mortality. The mortality decline is likely to be related to more 1specific factors, such as declining Helicobacter pylori prevalence. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p
Triggered codeswitching:A corpus-based evaluation of the original triggering hypothesis and a new alternative
No full textIn this article the triggering hypothesis for codeswitching proposed by Michael Clyne is discussed and tested. According to this hypothesis, cognates can facilitate codeswitching of directly preceding or following words. It is argued that the triggering hypothesis in its original form is incompatible with language production models, as it assumes that language choice takes place at the surface structure of utterances, while in bilingual production models language choice takes place along with lemma selection. An adjusted version of the triggering hypothesis is proposed in which triggering takes place dialing lemma selection and the scope of triggering is extended to basic units in language production. Data front a Dutch-Moroccan Arabic corpus are used, for a statistical test of the original and the adjusted triggering theory The. codeswitching patterns found in tire data support part of the original triggering hypothesis, but they are best explained by the adjusted triggering theory.</p
Recensie van Jose de Kruif, Marijke Meijer Drees en Jeroen Salman, Het lange leven van het pamflet
No full textLandscape, nature and national identity.:An introductory note
No full textIt was one hundred years ago, in 1905, that a group of schoolteachers, biologists, merchants and members of the nobility founded the Dutch Society for the Preservation of Natural Monuments (Vereeniging tot behoud van Natuurmonumenten), heralding the start of the Dutch movement for nature conservation. This inspired the KNHG to organize a conference on the history of nature conservation in the Low Countries during the course of the nineteenth and twentieth century. The way in which people perceived naturein the nineteenth century was strongly influenced by their sense of history; a point which is reflected in the introduction to this special issue of the BMGN/ LCHR. During this period, nature was seen as the backdrop to, and physical manifestation of, the history of the Dutch nation and landscape therefore became an expression of national identity. This is illustrated in the discussions on the works of writers such as David Jacob van Lennep, Jacobus Craandijk and Frederik van Eeden, Sr
