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Overview of the Related Studies, Genealogy, and the Other Viewpoints of the Study on <The Diffusion<
No full textEffects of context on the processing of Japanese homophones varying in phonological familiarity
No full textHomophone effects had always been found for Japanese homophones with a single mate, but not for those with multiple mates. Mizuno and Matsui (2016), by controlling their phonological familiarities, found larger homophone effects for multiple-mate homophones than for single-mate homophones, and suggested that the high phonological familiarities of the former might shorten their lexical decision times. However, if phonological familiarity were a unique facilitative factor, Japanese would be regarded as an inefficient language, as Japanese has many homophones with multiple mates, and their phonological familiarities are not always high. Because Japanese is a high-context language (Hall, 1976), we contend that context should facilitate homophone processing, even for homophones with low phonological familiarity. In this experiment, the lexical decision times of multiple-mate homophones with high and low phonological familiarities were measured in with- and withoutcontext conditions. Homophone effects were found for homophones with low phonological familiarity in the without-context condition, but not for either high- or low-familiarity homophones in the withcontext condition. These results indicated that contexts have robust facilitative effects on Japanese homophone processing
カイゴ ロウジン ホケン シセツ ト カイゴ ロウジン フクシ シセツ ニオケル チョウサ ケンキュウ リハビリテーション ニツイテ
No full text【目的】本研究は、介護保険の入所施設である介護老人福祉施設(以下特養)と介護老人保健施設(以下老健)のリハビリテーション(以下リハビリ)状況を調査し、比較・検討後両施設のリハビリ課題を明らかにすることである【方法】名古屋市の老健UK施設と小牧市の特養K苑の2施設を対象とし、リハビリ担当職員を対象に聞き取り調査を行った。【結果】特養では機能訓練指導員の雇用が義務付けられているがセラピストの雇用の義務はなく、K苑では専従の機能訓練指導員と非常勤のセラピスト2名によりリハビリが行われていた。老健は入所者100人に対してセラピスト1人の雇用が義務付けられているが、UK施設では個別リハビリを行うために、複数のセラピストが雇用されていた。【考察】第2次世界大戦後のベビーブームに出生した団塊の世代が満65歳を超え、超高齢社会(高齢化率21%以上)となった現在、高齢化が進むことにより、重度の要介護者が増え、居住目的で設置された特養にもリハビリスタッフの必要性が示唆された
CuI as a P-type Transparent Semiconductor
No full textWe propose a simple new method for the synthesis of truly transparent p-type CuI films. The chemical reaction between Cu3N thin films and solid-phase iodine was found to yield highly transparent polycrystalline CuI films with shiny appearance. An as-prepared film had a resistivity of 1.1x10-1Ω cm, hole density (nh) of 1.1x1019cm-3, and mobility (μ) of 5.6cm2 V-1s-1. Mild heat treatment at 100-120℃ under an inert atmosphere was found to suppress nh and enhance μ. The heat-treated films had μvalues of 20cm2V-1s-1, which are much higher than those of other wide-bandgap p-type semiconductors grown epitaxially at high temperatures above 400℃. Furthermore, we successfully fabricated p-CuI/i-ZnO/n-ZnO heterojunctions with good rectification ratios exceeding 104 on PET substrates. These findings would assist studies on applications of CuI thin films in transparent electronics
The Transition of Methods to Teach Singing in Pre-war Singing Education (1) - Centered on Manuals for Elementary School Teachers in the Meiji Era (1880\u27s) -
No full text音楽科教育における唱法の論争は戦前より始まり、戦後の学習指導要領で「移動ド唱法を原則とする」と定められたものの、いまだにそれが定着したとはいえない。本論は、学習指導要領告示以前の戦前における唱法の教授法に焦点を当て、主に教師用書を通して「移動ド」唱法のルーツを辿りつつ、唱法教授の変遷を考察した。その結果、唱法の教授法が最初に明文化されたのは伊澤修二の作成した「唱歌法凡例」で、「数字による(ヒフミ)唱法」と「ハニホによる唱法」の二つの唱法が定義された。前者が「階名唱」を、後者が「音名唱」を意味していたと考えられる。その後、日本で最初の音楽教科書『小学唱歌集初編』で唱法教授の定型が示され、その教師用書『音楽指南』でその具体的な教授法が述べられ、以後この教授法が継承された。階名唱と音名唱は、唱法教授過程の初期から同時に学ぶ課業だったが、いずれの史料も階名唱を積極的に教授する傾向を示していた。The debate about singing methods in singing education started since pre-war times, and despite the government curriculum guidelines ordaining the use of the movable do solfege to teach, it is not to say that this has been firmly established to this day. The body of the argument examined the evolution of the methods to teach singing, while focusing on the teaching methods of singing in pre-war times before government curriculum guidelines were published, and arriving at the origins of the movable do singing method by mainly using manuals meant for elementary school teachers. As a result, it was determined that the first documented teaching methods for singing were the method of singing by numbers (hifumi) and the haniho solmization method, as in <Explanatory Notes for Singing Methods< written by Shuji Isawa. It is assumed that the former was equivalent to the method of using solfa (movable do), and the latter to the method of using note names (fixed do). After that, a fixed approach to teaching singing was published in the first music textbook in Japan, <Shogaku Shokashu Shohen (Songs for Primary Schools First Volume)<, and a detailed teaching method was written in its teachers\u27 manual, <Ongaku Shinan (Manual for Music)<, which was passed on ever since. The solfa method and note name method were taught simultaneously in the early processes of teaching singing; however, the historical records examined have all shown a trend of actively using the solfa method to teach singing
Experimental Study on the Rheological Properties of Polycrystalline Solid Carbon Dioxide - implications for tectonic processes on Triton -
No full textThis study investigates the evolutionary process of planetary surfaces in the outer solar system. The inelastic properties of non-water ice were measured by a low temperature uniaxial deformation system. Constant strain rate tests of polycrystalline solid carbon dioxide were performed at temperatures between 150 - 185 K and strain rates from 0.0001 - 0.01 per sec. Ductile behavior of solid carbon dioxide was observed over 180 K and brittle fracture was observed at 170 K. This result implies that solid carbon dioxide could be able to support the uneven feature on Triton
Relationship between the process of development of employment rules of Matsuzakaya store clerks and the department store making process in the Taisho era
No full textCultivation of Parental Support Ability in Training Education Needed by Active Childcare Workers
No full text本研究では、保護者支援のために養成教育で修得が必要な学習や経験について、現職保育者に対して質問紙調査を実施した。その結果、第1に、養成教育に求められる保護者支援の学習は、子ども理解と姿勢、保育者としての態度や役割、表現力や感性、健康や安全に関する知識という4 つの特徴にまとめられた。第2に、保育所保育士と幼稚園教諭を比較した結果、保育所保育士の方が、保護者支援のために子どもの発達、児童福祉、ソーシャルワーク、子どもの保健に関する学習を学生により求めていることが明らかになった。以上から、保護者支援力育成のための養成教育は、子ども理解の教育が重要であり、就職先の違いに合わせた教育内容が必要である