African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
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Church-based organisations and their role in the support of older adults in Nnewi, South-east Nigeria
No full textBackground: Despite increase in the number of older adults in Nigeria, and the health, social and economic implications that accompany this reality due to burden of care on families, little is known about the role of church-based organisations in the provision of support and care to older adults in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to explore the place of the church in the support and care of older adults.Data Source and Method: Sample size of (n = 40) participants were recruited for the study. Focus Group Discussion and In-depth Interview were employed for data collection.Results: The findings revealed that church-based organisations were a significant source of support for older adults; however, some of the support provided by church-based organisations was exclusively at the reach of older adults who are members of a particular church network.Conclusion: The paper therefore recommends for an all-inclusive support and care for older adults by church-based organisations in the society, irrespective of the one’s religious denomination
Intimate partner violence and uptake of HIV testing and STI treatment among married women in Nigeria
No full textContext/Background: Nigeria has a high prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and STIs including HIV/AIDS - which constitute a major public health problem.Data Sources and Methods: This study examines the association between IPV, uptake of HIV testing and STI treatment and their correlates among married women of reproductive age, with recent STI, using the 2013 Nigeria DHS Data.Results: We observed high prevalence of any IPV (60%), lower prevalence of HIV testing uptake (20%) and higher prevalence of STI treatment (74%). There was reduced odds of HIV testing uptake and increased odds of STI treatment among women who experienced IPV, but these were not statistically significant. Education and health facility visit were associated with HIV testing uptake while wealth quintile and autonomy were associated with STI treatment.Conclusion: There is need to improve early identification of women at risk of experiencing IPV, understand the barriers to HIV testing uptake and STI treatment and intervene early.
Multilevel analysis of male fertility behaviour in Nigeria
No full textContext/Background: Fertility level in Nigeria remains high and currently, it stagnating at about six children per woman. Demographic literature had established the existence of preponderance of factors sustaining a high level of fertility in the country. Most previous studies on fertility had focused on women, and a few that examined male fertility behaviour focused mainly on individual-level factors, ignoring the influence of community contexts. This study, therefore, examined the influence of an individual, household and community level factors on male fertility behaviour in Nigeria.Data source and Methods: The study used male data from 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).Results: Results showed that community variables like region, ethnic diversity, community family-size norm and community-level of education significantly influenced male fertility behaviour in Nigeria (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study thus established community contexts as an important factor influencing male fertility behaviour, and this factor must be taken into consideration in the efforts to reduce the fertility level in Nigeri
Attitude to and cultural determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among childbearing mothers in Nsukka urban area of Enugu State, Nigeria
No full textBackground: Exclusive breastfeeding has been found to be effective in reducing infant mortality and morbidity in the contemporary world. This study explored attitude and cultural determinants of EBF among childbearing mothers in Nsukka urban.Data Source and Method: Data from 592 childbearing mothers were collected and analyzed using questionnaire, (SPSS), Chi-square and multiple linear regression.Results: Attitude such as infant’s inability to eat other food after EBF and that male infant should not be exclusively breastfed as well as cultural determinants such as the use of coconut water to loosen intestine and after-birth care were significant with EBF practice. The infant’s inability to eat other food after EBF and after-birth care were predictors of EBF on binary logistic regression.Conclusion: Findings suggest the need for government, healthcare and social workers to raise awareness on the risks of complementary feeding and the importance of EBF for the reduction of infant mortality and the achievement of related sustainable goals.
Perception of demographic and cultural factors associated with the crime of human trafficking in Nigeria
No full textContext/background:The demographic and cultural factors that drive the crime of human trafficking have not been properly researched in Nigeria. This study therefore examines the perception of the association between population characteristics, fertility norms and human trafficking.Methods:This study used 600 respondents from Imo State. Data was collected through questionnaire and in-depth interviews from two local governments that are active sites for human trafficking. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Results:The findings showed a preponderance of females as victims and traffickers than males, with a significant relationship of P<0.001 between the sex of traffickers and human trafficking. The age group that are mostly trafficked are 16-25 years for women and 5-14 years for male and female children. Large family size driven by a traditional fertility rite (ewu- ukwu) for women with 10+ children was found to be strongly associated with human trafficking. Conclusion:The study recommends aggressive birth control program that targets traditional fertility norms and programs that offer livelihood options and increased well being for women
A comparative study of fertility preferences of Nigerian female migrants and non-migrants in Benin City, Nigeria.
No full textContext/Background: Whereas a large body of literature has already focused on fertility and migration at destination area, relatively few studies have examined fertility in association with return-migration at country of origin. This study is an investigation of the association between international return-migrants and non- migrants’ fertility preferences among women in Benin City, Nigeria.Data Sources/Methods: Data were collected from 760 migrants and non-migrants through multistage sampling technique and were analysed employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square, correlation and Ordinal regression.Findings: Returnees' migration experience (X2 =212.971, df=4, p<.001) and length of stay abroad (X2 =15.899, df=6, p<.050) and socioeconomic status (X2 =8.674, df=4, p>.050) were associated with higher fertility preferences. Non-migrants’ fertility preferences were lower (3.89 children average) than those of migrants (4.14). Migrants who stayed longer abroad were 1.06 times more likely to prefer larger family size compared with those who stayed for shorter periods.Conclusion: Migration should not be discouraged in order to achieve the ideal fertility aspiration of the country’s population policy
Nigeria’s recent population censuses: a Benford-theoretic evaluation
Full text linkContext: Population censuses in Nigeria have been plagued with under- or over-enumeration, as well as outright manipulation. This paper examines the claim of manipulated results of Nigeria’s 1991 and 2006 population censuses.Data Source & Method: Data on both censuses were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics and analyzed via fitting Benford’s probability distribution. The overall census data, as well as aggregate data for the six geopolitical zones of the country were examined to determine the level of conformity with Benford’s distribution, using the Chi-square goodness of fit test.Findings: The conformity analyses showed that the overall counts differed significantly from Benford's in both censuses. The North-West region had the highest deviation in both censuses, while the North-East and South-West had the lowest deviation in 1991 and 2006 censuses, respectively. Significant conformity was observed in the sizes of the local government areas and the population density for the 2006 census.Conclusion: Some datasets with built-in minimum and maximum values may still conform to Benford’s distribution provided the range of values of the first significant digit span digits 1 to 9. Census results should be scrutinized on the basis of Benford’s distribution as an additional check on the quality
Impact of internal migration on fertility in Cotonou, Benin Republic
No full textContext/Background: In developing countries, fertility is usually higher in rural than urban areas. This is partly due to lower access to and utilization of reproductive health services in rural areas. However, migration to cities may alter the fertility behaviour of migrants from rural areas.Data Source and Methods: The study used 2012 Benin Republic Demographic and Health Survey data and focused on married women aged 15-49 years and residing in Cotonou (n=722). Tobit regression was employed for the multivariate-level analysis.Findings: The results showed that migrants adapt gradually to the fertility patterns of non-migrants. This gradual adaptation is compounded by a relative selectivity of migrants whose fertility preferences are similar to those of non-migrants. Finally, recent migrants for employment or school reason had the lowest number of births over the past five years, which supports the disruption hypothesis.Conclusion: The migration-fertility relationship depends on the length of residence, migrant’ socioeconomic characteristics and reason for migration.
River catchment dynamics and access to clean water in rural South Africa
No full textContext: This paper explores evidence-based indicators of the National Water Policy Review (NWPR, 2013) among households in the Mthatha River catchment of the Oliver Regina (OR) Tambo District Municipality, one of the rural areas of South Africa.Data source & Method: A total number of 420 households were surveyed in the upper, township/peri-township, lower and coastal regions of the Mthatha River catchment. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted on the data collected from households.Findings: Approximately 68% of the total households surveyed reported that they have access to the required minimum of 25 litres/person/day, but only 30% had access to piped water either in the house or from public taps. Logistic regression showed that access to clean piped water was influenced by lack of water infrastructure, proximity to urban regions, daily flow of pipe-borne water, household size and distance to public taps.Conclusion: The promotion of point-of-use technologies are recommended to ensure equitable clean water acces
Determinants of fertility rate among women in Ghana and Nigeria: Implications for population growth and sustainable development
No full textBackground: Some individual and community variables, such as rural population concentration, per capita income, life expectancy of men, female education, prevalence of contraceptive use among women, and composition of women education, have been revealed to determine the fertility rate among women globally. This study, in addition to these variables investigated the effect of remittances (a global environmental variable) on fertility among women in Nigeria and Ghana. The study also examined the trend in fertility among women in the two countries.Data Source and Method: Macro data spanning 1962-2015, obtained from World Bank data portal-under the African Development Indicators (ADI) were analyzed using descriptive statistics (line graph) and random effect panel regression.Results: Rural population concentration, per capita income, life expectancy of men, female education, prevalence of contraceptive use among women, and composition of women education are the key determinants of fertility among women in Ghana and Nigeria. Remittance inflows significantly increase fertility among women in Ghana and Nigeria. The fertility rate is declining more in Ghana than in Nigeria.Conclusion: The results advocate the imperative for governments, policy makers, and development agencies to intensify their sensitization or enlightenment campaigns to ensure that remittances are being used productively and the rural areas adopt appropriate family planning in order to moderate population growth and facilitate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal