African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
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Family Planning in Africa: Old Belief and New Perspective
Get PDFThis article reviews the underlying assumption of most family planning programmes in Africa. The results show that the hypothesis that African men oppose the use of contraceptive methods is erroneous. Rather, current data reveal that men want to learn more about birth control. Also, most men and women believe that husbands are the primary decision-makers of reproductive and sexual lives. A new perspective for men's involvement programmes is then provided as a route to low fertility in Africa
Pourquoi les Femmes Arrêtent-Elles D'utiliser la Contraception? L'exemple du Botswana
Get PDFCette étude examine les causes de l'arrêt des méthodes de régulation de la fécondité au Botswana en se basant sur les données de son Enquête Démographique et de Santé menée en 1988. La majorité des femmes qui ont arête l'utilisation de leur méthode de planification familiale ont évoqué deux causes principales: les problèmes de santé rencontrés et le désir d'avoir d'autres enfants. L'opposition du mari (ou du partenaire sexuel) est l'une des autres raisons importantes mentionnées par les femmes. L'auteur identifie ensuite les facteurs socioéconomiques et culturels qui peuvent influencer les femmes à arrêter leur méthode de regulation de la fécondité. Finalement, quelques implications pour les programmes africains de planification familiale sont discutées
Risky Sexual Behaviour, Sexually Transmitted Infections, HIV/AIDS and Health Promotion among Students in the University of Douala
Get PDFThere are about 9,335 students in the University of Douala, 6,686 males and 3,832 females with a mean age of 20 years. Knowledge of the transmission of AIDS is high as indicated by 95% of the students, 80% were also able to identify preventive strategies. However, there is a failure to translate knowledge into protective action and behaviour. Between 1998 and 2001, there has been a nearly three-fold increase in cases of STIs from 137 to 360. Tuberculosis, which is strongly linked to HIV/AIDS in Douala, has also increased from 7 cases to 38. HIV/AIDS prevalence among students is estimated between 3%-5%. Both male and female students constitute a high-risk group because of multiple partners due to the adoption of several supposedly emotional/financial safe strategies. These include sponsors or male friends who pay rents, furnish rooms etc, in addition to campus girl friends/boy friends 'safety belts' and other short-term relationships. Condom usage is irregular. The University of Douala as part of its health promotion-prevention strategy has intensified its information, education and communication programme on HIV/AIDS with the support of governmental, non-governmental organisations and students clubs on campus and Peer educators have increased their sensitization activities. Preventive strategies include valorising positive cultural norms, empowering and encouraging students to practice sexual abstinence and fidelity. There is a need to incorporate students more in the design of appropriate and acceptable intervention strategies towards the prevention, health enhancement, treatment and management strategies of HIV/AIDS in the university arena
Conditions de vie des ménages et recours aux soins parmi les personnes âgées
Get PDFLes transitions démographiques en cours en Afrique sub-Saharienne affectent progressivement la structure démographique de la population, et posent ainsi de nouvelles questions liées au vieillissement des populations. Cette étude examine le recours aux soins de santé parmi les personnes âgées, notamment la diversité des stratégies dans ce domaine et l'influence des conditions de vie des ménages. Même si les analyses, basées sur des données d'enquête (ECAM II), confirment l'importance des caractéristiques démographiques et économiques des ménages, elles mettent aussi en exergue l'importance des croyances étiologiques et la vulnérabilité généralisée des personnes âgées face à la maladie. L'étude suggère ainsi une prise de conscience accrue de la vulnérabilité de ce groupe émergent.
CONTRIBUTION A LA DEMOGRAPHY HlSTORIQUE OUEST AFRICAINE: UNE ETUDE DES MIGRATIONS BURKIN ABE VERS LE GHANA ET LA COTE D'IVOIRE PENDANT LA PERIODE COLONIALE
Get PDFMulti-Media Campaigns, Interpersonal Contacts and Contraceptive Behaviour in Southwest Nigeria
Get PDFRecent evidence suggests that mass media may be an effective tool for motivating people to adopt family planning. Little is known, however, about the process by which this takes place. In this exploratory study, we argue that following an exposure to mass media message(s) about family planning, interpersonal discussion of such message(s) is an important intermediate stage in the process of deciding to use or not to use contraception. If this is the case, interpersonal discussion is expected to enhance or attenuate the effects of exposure to media messages on contraceptive behaviour. Our results show that there is a significant positive relationship between exposure to media messages and contraceptive use in Southwest Nigeria. Furthermore, among women who are exposed to media messages, those who discuss the messages with other people are more likely to use contraception compared with those who did not discuss the messages
De la pertinence de l’approche systémique d’explication de la sexualité à risque des adolescents et jeunes au Cameroun
Get PDFLes explications classiques des comportements sexuels à risque parmi les adolescents et jeunes mettent l’accent sur les déterminants familiaux, négligeant ainsi les dimensions extrafamiliale et individuelle. Notre recherche examine l’apport d’une approche explicative systémique de ces comportements en s’appuyant sur les données de l’Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS) réalisée au Cameroun en 2004 et d’une enquête menée par l’IFORD en 2000. Les analyses multivariées de régression logistique ont été effectuées pour identifier les déterminants de la précocité des premiers rapports sexuels, du multipartenariat sexuel et de la non-utilisation du condom parmi les adolescents et jeunes. Les résultats issus de ces analyses montrent que ces déterminants débordent largement le cadre familial et se situent aussi aux niveaux extrafamilial et individuel. Ils témoignent ainsi de la pertinence de l’approche globale d’intervention sur le VIH/sida
Breastfeeding and infant and child mortality, in Amagoro Division of Busia District, Kenya
Get PDFThis study examined the impact of breastfeeding duration and age at supplementation on infant and child mortality. Data was collected for both open and closed intervals from women aged 15-49 years and resident in Amagoro Division, Busia District, western Kenya. The study found that breastfeeding initiation is quite high, with an average of 99% of the women initiating breastfeeding. The duration of breastfeeding is long, with the majority of the women breastfeeding for 19-24 months. The major problem noted in the study is early supplementation. By the age of 3-4 months about 70% of children in the open and closed intervals were already being fed on other diets in addition to breast milk. The study also found that, for both the open and closed intervals, breastfeeding duration, age at supplementation, work status of the mother, type of toilet facility used by the household, and immunizations received by the child were significant in child survival. The major conclusion derived from the results of the study is that breastfeeding practices, environmental factors, and socio-economic factors are very significant in influencing infant and child deaths. However, the impact of breastfeeding and age at supplementation are greatly modified by environmental and socio-economic factors. The study therefore recommends the re-education of health personnel, especially those in the Maternal and Child Health clinics (MCH), on the importance of breastfeeding and proper age at supplementation for the children. The paper also recommends that female employment opportunities and female education be increased, since maternal education highly determines the work status of the mother and the nutritional, health care and sanitary conditions of the household