African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
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Ethical issues related to research on pregnant school-going teenagers in South Africa
No full textBackground: This paper describes the procedures the researcher followed in order to both observe and respect ethical issues when conducting research on pregnant teenagers attending secondary schools in South Africa.Data sources and methods: The paper draws on the literature to discuss pregnant school-attending teenagers as a vulnerable population and indicates the measures the author took to respect ethical issues.Findings: Pregnant school-going teenagers in South Africa are vulnerable as they are young, pregnant and under the authority of a school. Pregnancy amongst school-going teenagers is a public health issue that requires research in order to yield solutions and pregnant teenagers are important participants in such research as they have experiences and suggestions to share.Conclusion: Researchers should ensure that pregnant teenagers are given sufficient information about the research process so they can give informed voluntary consent to participate. Furthermore there should be justice, confidentiality, anonymity and beneficence throughout the research process
Evolution des inégalités devant la mort (1992-2012) selon les caractéristiques de l’enfant: cas des enfants de moins de 5 ans au Niger.
No full textL’examen des différents résultats des Enquêtes Démographiques et de Santé (EDS) réalisées au Niger permet de constater que le niveau de la mortalité infanto-juvénile a diminué régulièrement au cours des vingt dernières années en passant de 318 ‰ à 127 ‰ entre 1992 et 2012. On note une mortalité différentielle des enfants de moins de cinq ans selon l’âge, le sexe, le poids à la naissance, et l’intervalle inter-génésique de l’enfant. A partir des résultats des quatre EDS (1992, 1998, 2006, 2012) et sur la base de calculs d’indice d’évolution notre objectif est de mettre en évidence les évolutions des inégalités selon ces différentes variables en fonction des différents quotients de mortalité (néonatale, post-néonatale, infantile, juvénile). Nos résultats montrent que la baisse de la mortalité des enfants s’accompagne souvent d’une aggravation des inégalités devant la mort.
Does education influence the value of older persons? Assessing socio-demographic determinants of older persons’ value in Uganda
No full textAlthough older persons make substantial contribution to their communities, there is paucity of information on determinants of their value in Uganda. This study of 605 older persons from 4 rural districts and one urban centre examines socio-demographic determinants of the value of older persons in the country. The findings from a binary logistic regression indicate that older persons who were aged 60-69, educated to primary and above, owned land, with migrant children, with limb ill-health and lived in the Western, Northern and Kampala urban regions of the country were more likely to have high aggregate value than those who were aged 80+, uneducated, landless, with no migrant children, with no limb ill-health and lived in the Central region. It is recommended that later-life socioeconomic programmes be designed, learner access and retention in education system be increased and a special age fund be established for all
Is delivery with no one present linked to other health care risks across the maternal and child health continuum in northwest zone of Nigeria? clues from the demographic and health survey
No full textInformation is scarce on how women who delivered with no one present (NOP) have fared in the continuum of care through the first 1000 days after birth. This study examines whether women who deliver with NOP were more likely to underutilize other MNCH services compared to women who delivered with attendants. This question was assessed in a sample of 5,619 currently married women aged 15-19 years, resident in the Northwest Zone of Nigeria who have had at least a live birth. The sample was obtained from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The study revealed that women that delivered with NOP were also likely to significantly underutilize MNCH services across the continuum of care. To accelerate progress in MNCH outcomes in Nigeria, it is recommended that policy and program efforts be designed to address the underlying drivers of inequality in access to MNCH care
Single motherhood and marasmus among under-five children in Sub-Saharan Africa: a regional analysis of prevalence and correlates
No full textDespite efforts aimed at improving child health status globally, marasmus remains a health burden in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) and an important risk factor for illnesses and death, especially among young children. Using pooled data from the latest (2010-2014) demographic and health surveys of 21-SSA countries, we examined the relationship between single motherhood and marasmus among under-fives in SSA. Multivariate logistic regression was fitted on a representative sample of 59,013 under-fives who were either marasmic or physically healthy. Contrary to some studies, we found no evidence that single-motherhood was associated with the risk of marasmus in SSA and its sub-regions regions. Results from the regression analysis revealed that the risk of marasmus was lower for under-fives of single mothers in West Africa (OR=0.72 CI:0.508-1.016), East Africa (OR=0.55 CI:0.230-1.299), Central Africa (OR=0.88 CI:0.522-1.487) and SSA (OR=0.87 CI:0.699-1.070) but higher in Southern Africa (OR=1.32 CI:0.899-1.946) all compared to under-fives of married mothers
Prevalence and contextual determinants of intimate partner violence in Nigeria
No full textMultilevel logistic regression model was used to examine underlying factors influencing women’s exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) in Nigeria. The findings show that 15.2 percent of married or cohabiting women in the survey reported to experience IPV in the year preceding the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The likelihood of a Nigerian woman experiencing IPV in the year preceding the survey was shown to be significantly associated with a range of demographic, household and societal factors, including her age, spousal age difference, type of marital union, the woman’s education, number of living children, religion, ethnicity and region of residence. The analysis also shows that gender normative values, women’s status and community level factors have independent and incremental influence on the odds of women experiencing IPV. Ending domestic violence requires commitment to changing societal norms that promote wife beating and forced sex. Programs should be implemented to re-orientate community members to embrace gender equity, amiable spousal discussion of family issues and mutual respect
Housing ownership among female migrants in South Africa: The case of metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas.
No full textIn the study of female migration and housing acquisition, little has been elaborated about the magnitude and the direction of female migrants in South African context. Furthermore, housing tenure status is still under researched. Hence, the determinants of housing ownership, and how this differs across metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas is not sufficiently documented in migration and housing literature. This paper aims at identifying the factors contributing towards housing ownership among internal female migrants, and the differentials in comparing metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in South Africa. This study makes use of the 2007 Community Survey data requested from Statistics South Africa. Logistic regression analysis was performed to highlight the relationship between female migration and housing ownership across areas. The key findings indicate that age, duration of residence, housing type, and household size are the factors contributing towards housing ownership among female migrants. The study found, further, that female migrants living in non-metropolitan areas are more likely to own housing in relation to metropolitan areas.
Urbanization fueling marriage dynamics among the Baganda of central Uganda
No full textThis paper examines changes in marriage practices and patterns of the Baganda, the largest ethnic group in Uganda. Primary data that included Focus Group Discussions in the rural districts of Mpigi, Kisoro, Sironko and Arua as well as Kampala city that is 100% urban is complimented with secondary data. The results show that with 18% of Uganda’s population being urban and 5.1% urban growth rate, marriage practices and patterns have not been spared. It is showed that some relevant marriage practices such as: “pulling”; parent involvement in choosing marriage partners; abstinence before marriage; using traditional items in payment of bride price and rare divorce rates are changing partly because of urbanization. The authors recommend that good Baganda marriage practices and patterns should continue and be strengthened, while polygamy, secret marriages and cohabitation should be discouraged
Enhancing vital registration system in Nigeria: prospects and challenges
No full textThe current global effort on data revolution place premium on national data for developmental planning and tracking of program performance. Vital registration constitutes a major part of national government databank for effective planning and policy direction. There are challenges and gaps in optimising vital registration across many developing countries, particularly in Sub-Sahara African Countries. This article reflects on the issues and perspective in optimizing vital registration in Nigeria. It raises issues on the prospect and challenges with options towards enhancing vital registration in Nigeria. The paper concludes that there is the need to improve on the vital registration system and also identified proactive measures by stakeholders including government agencies for efficient vital registration system in Nigeri
Familial correlates of unmet need for contraception among currently married women: a comparative study of three Sub-Saharan African Countries
No full textUsing data from the 2010 Malawi, 2013-14 Togo and 2011 Uganda DHS, the study explored the relationship between unmet need for contraception (unmet need) and family factors. The analysis was based on data for 15,528 currently married women aged 15-49 in Malawi, 6,282 in Togo and 5,417 in Uganda. Multinomial regression models were used to analyse the data. Results show that Malawian and Togolese women in female headed households have a higher risk (p<0.001) of having unmet need for spacing over no unmet need. Spousal agreement on fertility desire significantly reduced unmet need among Malawian women. Therefore family factors to some extent do influence unmet need in these countries. The findings indicate the importance of coming up with strategies which will encourage spousal communication in order to aid males and females to be equal partners in family planning.