e-Journal STT Intheos Surakarta
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Tubuh Korban Belenggu Budaya Patriarkal Menyuarakan Teologi Tubuh: Hermeneutik Trauma terhadap Narasi 2 Samuel 13:1-22
Full text linkAbstract. Women and their bodies are highly vulnerable to various acts of violence, including sexual violence. Sexual violence against women's bodies often occurs in the public sphere as well as domestic or family, especially in cultures that uphold the patriarchal system. The narrative of Tamar who was raped by Amnon (2 Sam. 13) is one narrative that represents various narratives of women who are victims of sexual violence. This paper aims to examine the narrative of the body of woman who are victim of sexual violence based on the hermeneutic of trauma developed by Christopher G. Frechette and Elizabeth Boase. This study found that Amnon, Jonadab, Absalom, David, and Tamar were all victims of the patriarchal system, but Tamar as a woman who was a victim of sexual violence, still called for respect for the human body even though it had been "damaged" forever.Abstrak. Perempuan dan tubuhnya sangat rentan terhadap berbagai tindakan kekerasan, termasuk kekerasan seksual. Kekerasan seksual terhadap tubuh perempuan kerap kali terjadi di ranah publik maupun domestik atau keluarga, terutama dalam kebudayaan yang menjunjung tinggi sistem patriarkal. Narasi Tamar yang diperkosa Amnon (2Sam. 13) merupakan salah satu narasi yang mewakili berbagai narasi perempuan korban kekerasan seksual. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji narasi tubuh perempuan korban kekerasan seksual berdasarkan kajian hermeneutik trauma yang dikembangkan oleh Christopher G. Frechette dan Elizabeth Boase. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa Amnon, Yonadab, Absalom, Daud, dan Tamar sama-sama adalah korban sistem patriarkal, akan tetapi Tamar sebagai perempuan korban kekerasan seksual, justru tetap menyerukan penghargaan terhadap tubuh manusia sekalipun telah “rusak” selamanya
Portrait of Mary and Manggarai Women in “Dere Serani”: The Encounter of Religion and Culture
Full text linkCatholics hold Mary, the mother of Jesus, in high esteem. The widespread presence of Marian devotions, teachings, dogmas, symbols, titles, art, and places of pilgrimage in various church regions across the globe demonstrates this phenomenon. This study investigates the portrayal of Mary at the Manggarai Catholic Church, which is situated in the Diocese of Ruteng, Flores. This study aimed to analyze the songs performed by Maria that are featured in the book “Dere Serani.” The central investigation focused on whether the depiction of Mary in songs is impacted by the representation of women in the local culture or not. This study utilized two main approaches, namely text content analysis and cultural studies. This study discovered that the depiction of Mary that is adopted by the local community extends beyond local perspectives and incorporates global viewpoints
Peran Penting Keteladanan Dosen Teologi Berdasarkan Interpretasi atas Teks 1 Timotius 4:12
Full text linkAbstract. This research highlights the important exemplary role that theology lecturers must have. In this case, theology lecturers are not only required to have academic competence, but must also be able to provide role models for the students they supervise. The method used in this research was the literature study method to examine the text of 1 Timothy 4:12. The results of this research show that exemplary in speech, behavior, love and academic integrity are the main competencies that must be possessed by theology lecturers to be able to form students' spirituality and character.Abstrak. Penelitian ini menyoroti peran penting keteladan yang harus dimiliki oleh dosen teologi. Dalam hal ini, dosen teologi tidak hanya dituntut untuk memiliki kompetensi akademik, namun juga harus dapat memberikan keteladanan bagi mahasiswa yang dibimbingnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi literatur untuk mengkaji teks 1 Timotius 4:12. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keteladanan dalam perkataan, perilaku, kasih, dan dalam integritas akademik menjadi kompetensi utama yang harus dimiliki oleh dosen teologi untuk dapat membentuk spiritualitas dan karakter mahasiswa
Melampaui Batas Tradisi: Kritik Teks terhadap Ayat-ayat Tambahan dalam Perjanjian Baru
Full text linkAbstract. This research discusses the urgency of textual criticism in New Testament exegesis, highlighting the problem of incorrect copying, whether intentional or not, as well as dealing with theological doubts, especially regarding additional verses in several New Testament manuscripts. Using textual criticism methods, this research analyzed several controversial verses, such as Mark 16:9-20; John 5:3b-4; 7:53-8:11; 1 John 5:7b-8a; Matthew 6:13b; 17:21; 18:11. Research result showed that most of these additional verses are not found in reliable ancient manuscripts, raising doubts about their authenticity. Even though they have historical and traditional value, researchers emphasize that these additional verses are not part of God's true word and should not be considered as a guide to faith and behavior.Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas urgensi kritik teks dalam eksegesis Perjanjian Baru, menyoroti masalah penyalinan yang salah, baik disengaja maupun tidak, serta menghadapi keraguan teologi terutama terkait ayat-ayat tambahan dalam beberapa naskah Perjanjian Baru. Melalui metode kritik tekstual, penelitian ini menganalisis beberapa ayat kontroversial, di antaranya Markus 16:9-20; Yohanes 5:3b-4; 7:53-8:11; 1 Yohanes 5:7b-8a; Matius 6:13b; 17:21; 18:11. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ayat-ayat tambahan ini tidak ditemukan dalam naskah-naskah kuno terpercaya, menimbulkan keraguan akan keasliannya. Meskipun memiliki nilai historis dan nilai tradisi, peneliti menegaskan bahwa ayat-ayat tambahan ini bukan bagian dari firman Tuhan yang sejati dan tidak boleh dianggap sebagai pegangan iman dan perilaku
Pelayanan Karitas Sebagai Media Pembebasan Disabilitas di Indonesia
Full text linkAbstract. Caritas is another name for the Church's loving service to the poor, sick, marginalized, imprisoned, orphaned, and neglected, including the disabled. How does Caritas become a medium of liberation for disability? This research was conducted across most parts of Indonesia using a qualitative approach. The result was that a service of charity to society beyond the medical and social models of disability. Caritas has open access to disability participation in the church, although it is undeniable that the church still makes disability an object of service. The Church presents disability spaces as part of reflection and theology. Caritas is not stigmatizing and discriminatory; it becomes a constructive and liberating step. It is not harmful but embraces and integrates existing potential so that it becomes the suitable medium for disability liberation.Abstrak. Karitas merupakan nama lain dari pelayanan kasih gereja kepada mereka yang miskin, sakit, terpinggirkan, terpenjara, yatim-piatu, terabaikan, termasuk disabilitas. Bagaimana karitas menjadi media pembebasan bagi disabilitas? Penelitian ini dilakukan tersebar di sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasilnya adalah bahwa pelayanan karitas kepada masyarakat melampaui model medis dan sosial dalam disabilitas. Karitas menjadi akses terbukanya partisipasi disabilitas di gereja, meskipun tidak dapat dipungkiri gereja masih menjadikan disabilitas sebagai objek pelayanan. Gereja menghadirkan ruang disabilitas sebagai bagian untuk berefleksi dan berteologi. Karitas tidak bersifat stigmatis dan diskriminatif, sebaliknya ia menjadi langkah konstruktif dan pembebasan. Ia tidak bersifat negatif, melainkan merangkul dan mengintegrasikan potensi yang ada sehingga menjadi media yang tepat untuk pembebasan disabilitas
Pelayanan Misi Kontekstual Melalui Pendidikan Nilai Karakter Kristiani bagi Anak Jalanan di Kota Bandung
Full text linkAbstract. The 172 street children depicted are in vulnerable, marginal, and exploited conditions in the middle of the urban district of Bandung. To this day, the church as a spiritual institution and a community is still engaged in charitable diocese with a sporadic approach in responding to the street child phenomenon in the city. This research aimed to produce and develop a model of education of Christian character values as a contextual mission service for street children in Bandung City. This research was conducted by the Research and Development (R&D) method with the R2D2 model (Recursive, Reflective, Design, and Development. Through the Contextual Teaching & Learning (CTL) model in the implementation of Christian character education values, street children construct values given and shown in positive and beneficial actions and behaviors for empowerment. The church is expected to be able to build a positive image as a missionary who not only focuses on charitable diocese, but also meets the basic needs of street children through the implementation of a model of education of Christian character values.Abstrak. Sebanyak 172 anak jalanan digambarkan berada pada kondisi rentan, marginal, dan tereksploitasi di tengah perkotaan Bandung. Hingga saat ini gereja sebagai lembaga rohani, sekaligus komunitas, masih berkutat dengan diakonia karitatif dengan pendekatan sporadis dalam merespons fenomena anak jalanan di perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dan mengembangkan produk berupa model pendidikan nilai karakter Kristiani sebagai pelayanan misi kontekstual bagi anak jalanan di Kota Bandung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model R2D2 (Recursive, Reflective, Design, and Development). Melalui model Contextual Teaching & Learning (CTL) dalam implementasi pendidikan nilai karakter Kristiani, anak jalanan mengonstruksi nilai yang diberikan dan ditunjukkan dalam tindakan dan tingkah laku positif dan bermanfaat untuk pemberdayaan dirinya. Gereja diharapkan mampu membangun citra positif sebagai pelaku misi yang tidak hanya bertumpu pada diakonia karitatif, akan tetapi memenuhi kebutuhan dasar anak jalanan melalui implementasi model pendidikan nilai karakter Kristiani
Kedudukan Janda dalam Hukum Taurat dan Hukum Timur Dekat Kuno
Full text linkAbstract. In Jewish society, a widow may experience a negative social stigma that puts her in a disadvantaged position. This negative stigma certainly confirms that a widow needs protection. The purpose of this paper was to outline the position of widows in the eyes of both Torah and Ancient Near Eastern law. To that purpose, the author conducted a literature review, which includes Old Testament texts as well as extra-biblical texts related to the position of widows. This study showed that widows, in both the Torah and the laws of the Ancient Near East, are entitled to protection. The difference between the two laws is that in the Torah the protection of widows is theologically reflected as initiated and guaranteed by God.Abstrak. Dalam masyarakat Yahudi, seorang janda dapat mengalami stigma sosial negatif yang memojokkan posisinya. Stigma negatif tersebut tentunya menegaskan bahwa seorang janda membutuhkan perlindungan. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk menguraikan kedudukan janda di mata hukum Taurat maupun hukum di Timur Dekat Kuno. Untuk itu, penulis akan melakukan kajian literatur, yang meliputi teks-teks Perjanjian Lama maupun teks-teks ekstra biblika terkait kedudukan janda. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa janda, baik dalam hukum Taurat maupun hukum-hukum di Timur Dekat Kuno, wajib mendapatkan perlindungan. Yang membedakan di antara kedua hukum tersebut adalah bahwa dalam hukum Taurat perlindungan terhadap janda direfleksikan secara teologis sebagai diinisiasi dan dijamin oleh Tuhan
Not The Nineveh, But Jonah: Exploring God’s Mercy in The Book of Jonah
Full text linkMany scholars argue that the book of Jonah is about God’s mercy for Nineveh. However, I argue that the focus of this book is God’s mercy for Jonah, the stubborn, disobedient, and reluctant prophet. We can find that indeed God’s mercy was for Nineveh by relenting his judgment to the repented Nineveh, but it was not the focus of God in this book. If the focus is the Nineveh, the book of Jonah could end with chapter three which states God relented his judgment on the Nineveh. This study was conducted with narrative method to the whole narrative of the book of Jonah. This study showed that from chapter one to chapter four, God dealt mercifully to Jonah who had to deal with his struggles as God’s prophet. We can see how God dealt mercifully with Jonah through this book. I conclude that a narrative reading of the entire narrative of the book of Jonah can produce a different interpretation from the existing one
Konstruksi Pemikiran Paulus Tentang Kristus
Full text linkAbstract. This article aimed to examine the construction of Paul's thoughts on Christ. The main issues guiding this study are: how did Paul construct his thoughts on Christ? We will sketch the construction of Paul's thoughts on Christ through a historic-factual approach to his writings. Furthermore, the main result of this study states that Paul emphasised the superiority of Jesus Christ. Paul's construction of Christ laid the foundation for the believers so that their spiritual lives were directed to prioritise Christ. This construction of Paul's thought was based on God being attainable through His only begotten Son as the way God designed for humankind so that humankind could have the salvation.Abstrak. Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengkaji konstruksi pemikiran Paulus tentang Kristus. Masalah utama yang memandu penelitian ini adalah: bagaimana Paulus mengonstruksikan pemikirannya tentang Kristus? Kami akan membuat sketsa konstruksi pemikiran Paulus tentang Kristus melalui pendekatan historis faktual terhadap tulisan-tulisannya. Selanjutnya, hasil utama dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa, Paulus menekankan keutamaan Yesus Kristus. Konstruksi pemikiran Paulus tentang Kristus meletakkan dasar bagi umat sehingga kehidupan rohani mereka diarahkan untuk memprioritaskan Kristus. Konstruksi pemikiran Paulus ini didasarkan pada Allah yang dapat dicapai melalui Anak-Nya yang tunggal sebagai cara yang Allah rancangkan bagi umat manusia sehingga umat dapat memperoleh keselamatan
Revitalisasi Gereja melalui Pelestarian Warisan Sejarah Kekristenan
Full text linkAbstract. Preserving the historical heritage of Christianity is an important effort for the church to maintain the existence of church history which also influences the process of growth and development of the church today. This article aimed to offer efforts in preserving Christian historical heritage as an approach to church revitalization based on research on preservation Christian historical heritage at the Kalimantan Evangelical Church in the Mandomai resort for the 2019-2022 period. The results of the research showed that actions to preserve Christian history have an impact on increasing the quality and quantity of the church which include aspects of didascalia, coinonia, diakonia, marturia, and church resources.Abstrak. Pelestarian warisan sejarah kekristenan merupakan salah satu upaya penting bagi gereja untuk memelihara eksistensi sejarah gereja yang turut berpengaruh bagi proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gereja masa kini. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan upaya pelestarian warisan sejarah kekristenan sebagai salah satu pendekatan revitalisasi gereja berdasarkan penelitian terahdap pelestarian warisan sejarah kekristenan di Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis resort Mandomai periode tahun 2019-2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tindakan pelestarian sejarah kekristenan berdampak bagi peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas gereja yang meliputi aspek didaskalia, koinonia, diakonia, marturia, dan sumber daya gereja