Atharva Scientific Publications (E-Jounals)
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Management of Radicular Cyst: A Clinical Case Report
Get PDFA radicular cyst defined as a cyst of inflammatory origin arises from epithelial rests of malassez in periodontal ligament due to inflammation of the dental pulp. The cyst begins with carious tooth and further involved periapical and periodontal region. Majority of these lesions engross the whole apex and appear as precise radiolucencies. The cystic lesion lined with the epithelium, which filled with fluid; therefore, they generally referred to as a true cyst. Various mode of treatment available for radicular cyst management including surgical and no-surgical procedures, in this case report we present surgical management of radicular cyst followed by root canal treatment. 
Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Universal Immunization Programme in India: A step toward realizing sustainable development goals
Get PDFOral Health-Related Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Nursing Students of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital: A Questionnaire Study
Get PDFAim: The present study was conducted to investigate the oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among nursing students of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital. Materials and methods: A questionnaire study was conducted among 111 nursing students of Rohilkhand Hospital who had an easy access to the dental services within the premises ofhospital itself. A self-administered structured questionnaire consisting of 32 questions on demographic data, oral hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices was distributed. The datacollected was analyzed using statistical package for social ciences (SPSS) version 11.5.Results and conclusion: A majority of the respondents were practicing healthy oral hygiene practices that included brushing twice a day with toothbrush and toothpaste for adequate duration of 2 to 3 minutes. Almost 87% of them were aware of the diseased gingival condition and the consequences due to accumulation of plaque. Almost half of the participants visited a dentist only on pain. However, a majority of them had given importance to their teeth equally as their general health. It was seen that the knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing students about oral health was adequate, but further improvements can be encouraged. 
Rare case of basal cell carcinoma of genital area: Diagnosis and treatment
Get PDFThe most incessant skin malignancy is basal cell carcinoma (BCC), arising from cells of the basal layer of the epithelium or from the external root sheath of the hair follicle. BCC of the genital area is an aberrant subsistence. We are presenting one such rare case of BCC of the genital area which was not amenable to surgery because it was locally advanced disease if it was executed it may have result in highly mutilating surgery. Since the patient refused the main modality, the best available option for her was chemoradiotherapy for averting the post-surgical anatomical disfigurement of the private parts which may results in the psycho-social ordeal to the patient after loss of docility. The rationale of presenting this case is the rarity of BCC in the genital region and it should always kept in mind as a differential diagnosis by physicians, and biopsy from visible lesions is always recommended. Also, the majority of patients are treated with local treatment but in case of locally advanced or non-amenable lesions; induction chemotherapy followed by radiation/ chemoradiation therapy is an option and can be effective
Hepatobiliary fascioliasis: A neglected tropical disease
Get PDFHuman fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by two parasites of class Trematoda, namely Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. It is prevalent, particularly in regions with farming communities having sheep or cattle. In India, cases are not frequently reported despite being one of the dominant countries in livestock production. Usually, humans are incidental hosts that acquire infection by ingesting contaminated aquatic vegetation or water. If not diagnosed timely, it can lead to fatal complications.The authors report a case of hepatobiliary fascioliasis in a female presented with non-specific complaints. A thorough investigation including parasitological evaluation helped to reach the diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of awareness, diagnosis and appropriate treatment of fascioliasis with Triclabendazole for complete cure
Left Supraclavicular Lymph Node Recurrence after the Left Radical Nephrectomy: A Rare Presentation with Review of Literature
Get PDFRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) presenting as left supraclavicular lymph node recurrence is rare, even though it can spread to any site in the body. There are very few cases of RCC with metastasis to the head and neck areas reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of clear cell carcinoma of RCC in a 16-year-old female who presented with the left supraclavicular recurrence after 5 months of radical nephrectomy. There were no metastasis foci identified elsewhere in the body. The patient was treated with sorafenib. After treatment, the lymph node regressed in size with no significant side effects. Clinicians and pathologists both should be aware of this unusual site of presentation during the evaluation of single-site metastasis in RCC
Early neonatal outcome in late preterms compared with term neonates
Get PDFIntroduction: Neonates born between 34 weeks and 36 weeks 6 days of gestational age (GA) are known as late preterm neonates. These late preterm neonates are the largest subgroup of preterm neonates. There have been few studies regarding the early morbidity in this cohort of neonates when compared to neonates born at term. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the incidence and various causes of early morbidities and mortality in late preterm neonates and to compare with term neonates. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching institution of Bengaluru. All late preterm and term neonates born between December 2016 and July 2018 were enrolled in the study. Data regarding parity, mode of delivery, sex, GA, birth weight, predefined neonatal morbidities, and maternal risk factors were all entered in the pre-designed pro forma. The morbidities and mortality of these late preterm neonates were compared with the term neonates. Results: A total of 408 late preterms and 1660 term neonates were enrolled in this study. These late preterm neonates were at significantly higher risk of overall morbidity due to any cause (85.3%, p<0.001, adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.4, 95% confident interval [CI]=0.8–2.4). They were also at higher risk of developing respiratory distress (23.5%, p<0.001, adjusted OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1–2.2), need for ventilation ([Nasal continuous positive airway pressure – 8.6%] [synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation [SIMV] – 3.7%], p<0.001), and neonatal sepsis (9.1%, p=0.003, adjusted OR: 1.3, 95% CI=0.3–3.3) when compared with term neonates. Conclusion: Gestational maturity is the most important determinant of the outcome in newborns. Late preterm neonates are not the same as term neonates as evidenced by the high incidence of complications in late preterm compared to term infants
Correlation of lipid profile and anthropometry with aortic intima-media thickness in newborns of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers
Get PDFBackground: Exposure to diabetes in utero has been established as a significant factor for certain component of the clinical syndrome. Although complications of atherosclerosis occur in adult life, the process begins in early childhood. Hence, measuring aortic intima-media thickness (AIMT) in the newborn is a feasible, accurate, and sensitive marker of atherosclerotic risk. Objective: The objective of the study was to find an association of AIMT with cord blood lipid levels and anthropometric factors. Methods: Babies born to diabetic mothers (gestational diabetes mellitus/type 2 diabetes mellitus (34 weeks–42 weeks) who were taken as one group and babies born to non-diabetic mothers (34 weeks–42 weeks) who were taken as the other group were enrolled in this study. Lipid values were measured of umbilical cord blood, collected immediately after delivery. Atherogenic-indices were calculated; neonatal anthropometric measurements were taken within 24 h after delivery. Abdominal AIMT (aAIMT) was measured within 4 days of delivery using a high-resolution ultrasound B mode by a trained radiologist. Maternal age, parity, height, pre-pregnancy weight, gestational age, and other investigations were taken from maternal records. Results: In this study, birth weight (BW) was positively correlated with triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and atherogenic-indices, whereas, it was negatively correlated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p<0.01). A positive correlation was found between aAIMT and BW, abdominal circumference, TG, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, and atherogenic-indices (p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, infants born to diabetic mothers had higher anthropometry, lipid values, aAIMT compared to babies born to non-diabetic mothers without risk factors
Risk factors for extubation failure in mechanically ventilated children in pediatric intensive care unit
Get PDFBackground: Mechanical ventilation is lifesaving in children with respiratory failure. However, its unnecessary prolongation once a child is capable of sustaining spontaneous effective ventilation is associated with significant complications. Objective: To identify the factors that lead to higher chance of extubation failure in mechanically ventilated children. Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted over a period of 1 year. Children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital of Northern India aged 1 month–17 years, needing mechanical ventilation were included in the study. Predefined criteria were used to decide the timing of extubation. Relevant details were recorded to study various patient-related parameters and their association with extubation outcome. Results: Mean age of the study group was 50 months with a male:female ratio of 3:1. Extubation failure rate was 14.5%. Extubation failure was significantly higher in patients ventilated for >7 days (p=0.01), those with the pediatric risk of mortality score >10 at admission (p=0.009), in addition to peak inspiratory pressure >16 cm H2O (p=0.009) and FiO2 ≥0.35 (p=0.01) before extubation. Accidental extubation was also associated with higher extubation failure (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that even though sicker patients requiring ventilation for longer duration are more prone to failed extubations, protocol based, and planned extubations lead to better extubation success
Utilization of Neutral Zone Technique for Rehabilitation of Atrophic Maxillary and Mandibular Ridges: A Clinical Report
Get PDFThe neutral zone technique is an alternative approach for the construction of the complete dentures. It is most effective for dentures where there is a highly atrophic ridge. The techniqueaims to construct a denture that is shaped by muscle function and is in harmony with the surrounding oral structures. This clinical report describes the fabrication of complete denturesfor a patient with poorly formed both maxillary and mandibular ridges