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Jacopo Tomatis: Storia culturale della canzone italiana. Milan: Il Saggiatore, 2019. ISBN 978-8842825463. 816 pages.
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No full textJérôme Minière’s song “La vérité est une espèce menacée”, first released online on January 11, 2018, strikes the listener by its profound interdependence of text, music, and interpretation. Text, music, voice, programming, instruments, editing, mixing, and clip making bear the same name, Jérôme Minière, who has rightly been acclaimed as one of today’s particularly promising multitalents. Compared to the parameters of popular music, the song is atypical in that it is not sung but recited. Its floating tonality corresponds with the fragile construction of the text while the video clip underlines the impression of fragmentation and flow perfectly in tune with the rhythm of the music and the spoken word. Altogether the song evokes an existential journey from metaphysical and societal crisis to arrival at a moment of potential becoming, an ‘end times’ spirituality, relative and ambivalent
Bernhart, Walter: Essays on Literature and Music (1985–2013). Ed. Werner Wolf. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2015. ISBN 978-90-04-30270-9. 503 Seiten.
No full text« Une réaffirmation de l’élément ‹ musical › de l’écriture » – Yves Bonnefoy, une musique entre guillemets
No full text“Toute la langue, ajustée à la métrique, y recouvrant ses coupes vitales, s’évade,” says Stéphane Mallarmé, “avec les cris d’une orchestration.” T.S. Eliot devotes a famous essay to The Music of Poetry (Eliot 1942). Among poets, the fact that music is in poetry seems to be a commonplace analogy. The reader is therefore not surprised when Yves Bonnefoy (1923-2016), an original practitioner of the French verse, seems to be suggesting a “reaffirmation of the ‘musical’ element in writing” (tr. N.V.) in L’alliance de la poésie et de la musique (Bonnefoy 2007). Quotation marks, however, keep at bay what they quote, and express a doubt as to its nature
Developmental pathways of Para athletes: Examining the sporting backgrounds of elite Canadian wheelchair basketball players
Full text linkThis study examines developmental history data to identify common pathways for elite Para sport performance and contextualizes these findings using known models of athlete development (e.g., the Developmental Model of Sport Participation, Côté, 1999). Seventy-three Canadian wheelchair basketball players completed a modified version of the Developmental History of Athletes Questionnaire (Hopwood, 2013). Overall, the results emphasized considerable variability in measures related to ‘other’ organized sport participation regardless of disability status and competition level, including the proportion of participants that participated in at least one other sport, the number of other sports participated in, the age first participated in other sports, and the number of years spent participating in other sports. This variability suggests there may be multiple Para athlete development narratives and highlights a need for more evidence-based models that are sufficiently nuanced for this athlete cohort
Comparing psychological constructs in early specializing and non-specializing youth boys hockey players
No full textAthletes who specialize early often invest more into their sport from a young age, thus it has been suggested early specializers may feel greater pressures to perform, and may have higher levels of anxiety. This study focused on better understanding the differences between early specializers and non-specializers in terms of psychological constructs (competitive state anxiety, competitive trait anxiety, and personality). Participants were divided into groups based on a modified version of the DHAQ (Hopwood, Baker, MacMahon & Farrow, 2010). Independent sample t-tests were conducted to test between group differences. There were no significant differences between early specializers and non-specializers in scores of competitive state anxiety, competitive trait anxiety, and the big five personality traits. Results highlight the need for further investigation into differences between early specializers and non-specializers.
The acute time course of muscle and tendon tissue changes following one minute of static stretching
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to investigate the time course of the changes of various muscle and tendon mechanical properties and the function responses of the plantar flexor muscles following 1 min of static stretching.Twenty-five healthy volunteers were assigned into a static stretching group or a control group. The static stretching group was tested with three different rest times (0 min,20 min,40 min) after 2x30s of stretching. Controls were tested before and after a control period (10 min) without stretching. Dorsiflexion range of motion (RoM), passive resistive torque (PRT), and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) were measured with a dynamometer. Ultrasonography of the medial gastrocnemius (GM) muscle-tendon junction (MTJ) displacement allowed us to determine the length changes in the tendon and muscle, respectively, and hence to calculate their stiffness.Following the stretching, we observed a significant increase in RoM directly following the stretching, 20 min post-stretching, and 40 min post-stretching. However, no changes were found in other functional parameters (PRT, MVC) or structural parameters (muscle and tendon stiffness). No changes were detected in any variable in the control group.We conclude that a static stretching exercise of 2x30s increases the RoM for at least 40 min. However, this gain in RoM is not accompanied with more compliant muscle and/or tendon tissue, suggesting that 60s of static stretching might not be stimulus enough to induce changes in the muscle-tendon structure. Hence, we speculate that other factors, such as increased stretch tolerance, might be responsible for the changes in the RoM observed in the present study
“Le donne, i cavalier, l’arme, gli amori”: lingua e poetica del primo Fabrizio De André
Full text linkThe essay shows how De André, from the very beginning, bases his career as a singer-songwriter on the opposition to the alleged ‘Italian song’ model. Compared to the latter, lighter and more consumeristic, De André presents himself as a minstrel engaged in the choice of themes and attentive to the message. To distinguish himself, De André ‘invents’ his own personal medieval tradition, partly drawn from the French chansonniers, and partly founded on literary sources. At the same time, he succeeds in distinguishing himself from the nascent author song, above all, for its apparently more traditional use of the language, for the sought-after vocabulary, which is often far from being colloquial, and for the recourse to closed metric forms
La musique instrumentale : des ‹ sons › ou du ‹ sens › ? Un bref parcours à travers l’esthétique rationaliste, romantique et symboliste
Full text linkFrom the 18th to the 20th century, the problem of meaning is raised in music. Can music, devoid of words, only ‹ run after them › or unite itself with them? Momigny first attempted to prove that music, too, has a grammar and, like poetry, a logic, and composers of the Viennese classic era such as Haydn serve to demonstrate his claim. Wagner, as theorist, reversed the problem: Music proceeds from poetry, but the latter could accomplish what is impossible for the former. It was able to reactivate the alliance of idea and sensation, lost in language, and surpassing all logic, shed light on the mystery of the world. Debussy, for his part, following in Mallarmé’s footsteps, would like for his grammar to be more temporaland inconclusive
Go soft or go home? A review of empirical studies on the role of self-compassion in the competitive sport setting
No full textSelf-compassion describes a supportive attitude towards oneself. Research outside the sport context suggests that self-compassion might be beneficial in terms of psychological processes that are helpful for athletic performance. At the same time, there are reasons to assume that athletes may fear a negative influence of SC on their self-improvement motivation. Therefore, it seemed worthwhile to clarify the role of self-compassion in the competitive sport setting by reviewing the current research. A literature search was conducted using PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PSYNDEX, and SPORTDiscus. Eligibility criteria were peer-reviewed publication, publication in English, original research and research investigating self-compassion in competitive athletes. From 17 publications that met the inclusion criteria, we identified 19 studies, most of which were quantitative, employing a cross-sectional design. Additionally, we found only one intervention study, one experimental study and four qualitative studies using interviews. We provided an integrative narrative description of the study aims, hypotheses, methodological characteristics and study results. Based on the reviewed findings we concluded that future research should relate their research question more often to existing theoretical models and that more intervention and longitudinal studies are needed. Thus far, qualitative studies highlight the potential ambivalence of athletes towards SC. Quantitative research indicates that SC is beneficial for athletes’ well-being and their ability to deal with adversities in sports, whereas the role of self-compassion for self-improvement motivation remains unclear