OJS - Uni Innsbruck
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Ritmi, suoni e contaminazioni culturali a Napoli
Full text linkThis paper focusses on the urban landscape of Naples and on the cultural vitality that has always characterized it. Naples is a complex and contradictory city, with many faces and many nuances. The city does not pause to be framed in a pattern that is unique, rational, firm, but escapes the predictable patterns to become a floating signifier, which moves in a hundred interpretations and a thousand stories. Naples is perhaps the emblem of the city in crisis, of the city as a crisis. As a gate to the South, a virtual bridge which creates openings, breaks and exchanges towards other worlds, as the centre of a strong marginality and spearhead of a cultural universe, Naples is expressed, however and always, as a purposeful and productive place where creativity, from ‘other’ worlds, allows to mark new tracks, unreleased cultural and artistic tracks. Tradition and innovation, local and global, particular and universal: without putting together these dimensions, it is not possible to approach the cultural, social and political study of this city. The Neapolitan artistic and cultural production, in its various forms, has always narrated, documented and represented the thousand faces of Naples, its segments, its systems, subsystems, stratifications and changes that have characterized the history of the city. Among the various communication forms, music is an essential active ingredient and resource of meaning in the social construction of people’s identities. Therefore, musical languages are a significant indicator of social and cultural transformations, and can be considered as a significant analytical category
La figura del guappo e le sue declinazioni musicali dalla sceneggiata ai neomelodici
Full text linkStarting from the conviction that ‘malamusica’, with its songs set among the criminal milieus of Naples, properly lies within the ambit of Popular Music Studies, this article examines several Neapolitan songs which thematise the figure of the camorrista, and, in particular, the guappo, in different modes according to the musical genre of reference (canzoni di giacca, sceneggiata, macchietta). After a brief historical excursus and examination of a few representative cases, the analysis turns to the present day, taking up the particular phenomenon of neomelodic music, which, in some cases, has invited no small number of polemics due to its often ostentatious closeness — in its themes, models, and sources of inspiration — to the criminal organization of the Camorra
“Concerto senza frontiere”: il Sud del mondo si ritrova a Napoli. Integrazione e transculturalità nella canzone napoletana odierna
Full text linkAs a crossroad of different cultures, Naples occupies a culturally relevant role in the Mediterranean. Once land of emigration, the city has now become a land of immigration, a cosmopolitan metropolis where different peoples live together in a transcultural context. The recent Neapolitan music describes this contemporary process of integration, recounting the social and cultural changes. Mixing traditional popular rhythms with new sounds and using functional code-switching, the Neapolitan song can therefore be considered a typical example of world music. The article, based on a corpus of 15 songs from 1993 to 2017, aims to highlight and analyze the characteristic subalternity of southern Italy as an element of connection with other Mediterranean populations; the image of the Mediterranean Sea as connecting point between cultures; the process of integration and peaceful coexistence as themes of recent Neapolitan songs
Does Sport Science need counseling?
Full text linkSports science is an emerging discipline in the field of science (Block, 2016). Traditionally sports science has been recognized as simply educating secondary school teachers in physical education. However, this notion has mostly passed as researchers within the field of sport and exercise sciences have contributed significantly to our understanding of the totality of the human condition. A good example as to the importance of modern day sport science is the large body of scientific evidence that regular and optimized physical activity can increase strength and endurance, substantially reduce the risk of diabetes, heart attack, stroke, cognitive decline and development of Alzheimer’s disease, and improve quality of life over the entire life span, with little or no side effects. A notion that is now immortalized in the concept that “exercise is medicine” (Berryman, 2010).In this context, some aspects of the modern day sports science department should be considered, in order not to jeopardize the great developments that have been made and future developments of the discipline
Apprendre à écouter : Anatomie de l’écoute de TM+ et Grand Magasin
Full text linkTM+ and Grand Magasin create a spectacle in order to explore the relation between music and text and to think about the experience of listening to music. Through a naive and referential listening, they encourage the public to define music and to understand what kind of pleasure they take in a concert. Moreover, it becomes clear that the text is sometimes a help for understanding the music and sometimes in competition with it. Lastly, the text suggests that the concert is a kind of ritual and that the pleasure conveyed by music is the pleasure of being together. The text is a means to include every member of the audience in this ritual: without it, people may feel excluded
Need-supportiveness and athlete well-being: Coaches' competence-support at risk in the elite sport context throughout the season
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to explore how coaches’ behaviour affected athletes’ well-being by examine: (a) the potential change in perceptions of need-support from the coach (over an academic year), and (b) the within-person relationship between the three aspects of need-supportiveness and subjective vitality at the end of the winter sport season. 102 youth elite student athletes completed ta questionnaire three times. Bayesian growth curve analyses showed that the levels of relatedness and autonomy support were stable and high throughout the year. In contrast, competence support decreased during the season. In addition, the results showed a credible positive within-person relationship between changes in all three facets of need-supportiveness from the coach and vitality measured at the end of the season which support SDT tenets. These findings indicate the importance of need-support for athletes' wellbeing, and that competence support needs extra attention in the elite sport context where the competence need is constantly challenged
Innate talent is adaptable – comment on Baker & Wattie
Full text linkAn the recent article by Baker and Wattie (2018), they provided an update on the widely cited review of “Innate Talent” by Howe, Davidson and Sloboda (1998). The article summarizes that the defined criteria for “Innate Talent” are still valid, standing the test of time. However, new findings in epigenetics should be considered. The epigenome interacts with environmental factors, such as physical exercise, contributing to phenotypical and performance differences of the same gene. In this context, researchers in sport science face the task of defining ethical standards that are accepted by society. From an epigenetic perspective, one should refrain from thinking that genetics have a fixed performance outcome, since the epigenome is adaptable. Instead, research and practice should consider how created environments support athlete development
Effects of synchronous, auditory stimuli on running performance and heart rate
Full text linkResearch has demonstrated that the human being tends to couple body movements and external, acoustic stimuli (metronome or music). This effect is called auditory-motor synchronization. Motivational music possesses qualities which distract from feelings like fatigue and exertion. Combining these two effects may enhance the sports performance even more. Investigations showed that runners can increase their original cadence up to 2%. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of accelerated, synchronized stimuli on the running performance. Therefore, 28 students (15 ♀, 13 ♂) of the Institute of Sports Science in Innsbruck were asked to do two cooper tests each. After run 1 (no auditory signal), the sample was divided into two groups. In run 2, which took place on a different day, one group listened to music while running; the other group was stimulated by the sound of a metronome. Distance (m) and average heartrate were measured. 75% of the athletes achieved a greater distance under the influence of an acoustic stimulus. In fact, the running distance changed significantly using an acoustic stimulus: +61 m (SD ± 100) or 2.1% (SD ± 3.6). In group 1 (music), the performance improved up to + 3.8% (SD ± 3.3). This difference was significant compared to group 2 (metronome). The average heart rate decreased by 1.5 beats (SD ± 5) from run 1 to run 2. Influenced by music, the average heart rate measured 179 beats (SD ± 8) in contrast to 182 beats (SD ± 10) in run 1 (no acoustic stimulus). If the tempo of the acoustic stimulus is adapted to the accelerated cadence of an athlete (maximum 2%), improved distances due to the synchronization effect can be achieved. In combination with the motivating qualities of music, improved effects in sport performances could be produced