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Oral Focal Mucinosis: A Painful Lesion of the Palate
No full textAbstract: Background: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare disease of unknown etiology, in which the connective tissue undergoes a focal myxoid degeneration. It was first described in 1974 by Tomich. Its pathogenesis is related to overproduction of hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts during the collagen production, resulting in focal myxoid degeneration. It has no distinctive features and diagnosis depends on histological analysis.Case: This paper reports a case of a 30 years old female treated at the Ambulatory of Stomatology of the Clinical Hospital - CH/UNICAMP, with a lesion growth and progressive pain in the palate, after performing dental treatment and discusses the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of myxomatous lesions of the oral cavity.Discussion: Since oral focal mucinosis has no distinguishing clinical features and the diagnostic is based on a histopathological examination, we ratify the importance of this procedure to confirm the diagnosis. This article is based on literature review and reports a case of oral focal mucinosis, its clinical and surgical outcome and demonstrates the importance of biopsy and pathological examinations in differential diagnosis of nodular masses in the oral cavity
Disability In Acne Patients – A Hospital Based Study In Rural Population Of Central India
No full textIntroduction: Acne vulgaris is chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous unit. It has been found that acne is one of the most common distressing diseases that can affect all aspects of an individual’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL), particularly in feelings and emotions, personal relationships, sports, social life and to get employment opportunity. As per best of our knowledge, there was no study on disability in acne patients in rural population of India.Aim and Objectives: The aim was to assess quality of life of patient having acne vulgaris, with the objectives 1) to assess the impact of acne on the rural patients by executing Cardiff Acne Disability Index formula (i.e. physical, social and psychological aspects of the patient’s life) 2) to observe any relationship between severity of acne vulgaris and its impact on quality of life.Material and Methods: The patients who came to dermatology OPD having acne vulgaris at AVBRH were enrolled. Quality of life of all enrolled patients of acne vulgaris were evaluated by using Cardiff Acne Disability Index questionnaires. The parameters evaluated were aggressiveness, frustration, embarrassment, effect on social life, relation with members of opposite sex, concern for skin appearance, avoidance of changing facility. Acne grading will be done by IADVL grading system. Statistical analysis done with Chi-square (χ²) test.Result: Total 81 patients with Acne vulgaris were included. By using the parameters, we analyze a statistical significant impact on quality of life of acne patients were frustration, embarrassment, effect on social life, relation with members of opposite sex, concern for skin appearance and avoidance of changing facility. Aggressiveness was found to be statistically insignificant. It implies that acne is a disease of mild to moderate severity. There was a significant positive relationship between disease severities with scores of CADI.Conclusion: There was impairment in quality of life due to acne in a rural population
Anxiety Sensitivity in Relation to Anxiety Symptoms Among Serbian Youth
No full textBackground: Accumulating evidence shows that anxiety sensitivity is associated with anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents. Factor analytic studies showed that anxiety sensitivity has hierarchical structure with a single higher-order factor of global anxiety sensitivity represented by two to four underlying facets. There has been little research on the relationship between certain facets (concerns) and anxiety symptoms. This study evaluated the relationships between anxiety sensitivity and anxiety symptoms in Serbian youth.Methods: In the study participated 456 non-referred youth, aged 8-18 years. The Child Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire were used. Data was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis.Results: In regression models, the CASI was a significant predictor of all SCARED scales (p < 0.01), accounting for up to 28% of additional variance in particular anxiety symptoms. Moreover, a set of two to four facets accounted for significant additional variance. One CASI facet within the sets accounted for the most significant additional variance. Disease concerns accounted for the most of the variance of symptoms of panic disorder (22.1%), mental concerns of symptoms of GAD (12%) and school avoidance (7.3%), social concerns of symptoms of social phobia (11.9%), and unsteady concerns of symptoms of separation anxiety disorder (18.2%).Conclusions: Anxiety sensitivity is strongly related to anxiety symptoms in Serbian youth. However, different sets of two to four anxiety sensitivity facets predicted particular anxiety symptoms; with at least one facet within the set being the most predictive
Rare Presentation of Marine-Lenhart Syndrome
No full textThe combination of autoimmune Graves’ disease with a solitary hot thyroid nodule suppressing the remainder of the thyroid gland is rare. We report a case of Graves’ disease associated with a single hyperfunctioning nodule with suppression of the remaining gland.A 45 year old male patient with past medical history of autoimmune Graves’ disease with severe ophthalmopathy was referred to endocrine clinic. His symptoms started with dry eyes several years ago without associated hypermetabolic symptoms. Further investigation revealed hyperthyroidism; he was started on methimazole. Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin was 484 %( reference: <140%, Method: immunoassay). Thyroid scan with I-123 sodium iodide showed uptake of 28.3 percent at 24 hours, and showed a large area of intense activity mid and lower left thyroid lobe with suppression of uptake in the rest of the thyroid gland. Thyroid ultrasound showed a heterogeneous well-defined 1.3x1.0x1.0 cm left mid lower pole nodule. These findings are suggestive of a rare variant of Marine-Lenhart syndrome.Graves’ hyperthyroidism is thought to be caused by autoantibodies stimulating the TSH receptors. Thyroid nodules associated with Graves’ disease have been reported with the incidence between 25 to 30%, most of which are cold nodules. The incidence of Graves’ disease accompanied by hot nodules ranges from 2.7 to 4.1%.These rare cases of Graves’ disease with accompanying functioning thyroid nodules are known as Marine-Lenhart syndrome. Most reported cases of Marine-Lenhart syndrome are Graves’ disease with multiple hyperfunctioning nodules. Our case represents an unusual variety in which Graves’ disease with a hyperfunctioning solitary nodule was associated with suppression of the remaining gland. Acquired mutations resulting in constitutively activated TSH receptors and the presence of anti TSH receptor autoantibodies might be responsible for the development of Marine-Lenhart syndrome
Comparative Antimicrobial Activity and Durability of Different Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials with and without Chlorohexidine
No full textObjectives: To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effect of three different restorative materials (Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC)) containing chlorohexidine on Streptococcus mutans, and lactobacillus acidophilus.Materials and Methods: Three commercially available glass ionomer cements, i.e., Fuji 1X (GIC1), Ketac molar (GIC2) and Riva (GIC3) were evaluated each alone and in combination with chlorohexidine diacetate or chlorohexidine digluconate. GICs were manipulated in accordance with manufacturer’s guidelines and embedded in wells made-up in plates of trypticase soy agar seeded with Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus MRS agar seeded with Lactobacillus acidophilus. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by using a caliper to measure the diameter of growth inhibition zones. The study was performed in triplicate and Duncan post-Hoc Multiple comparisons at p≤ 0.05 is used for means comparison.Results: the three Glass ionomers with chlorohexidine diacetate powder (1%) showed the highest activity and prolonged effect on the tested strains compared to glass ionomers free from chlorohexidine and the other glass ionomers with chlorohexidine digluconate liquid. Also, it was found that Fuji IX glass ionomer showed higher and prolonged effect in comparison to Ketac-Molar and Riva glass ionomers. Glass ionomers in combination with chlorohexidine diacetate showed higher efficacy against streptococcus mutans than for lactobacillus acidophilus.Conclusion: All three GIC’s under evaluation, promoted growth inhibition of the cariogenic bacteria assayed. Fuji IX glass ionomer with chlorohexidine diacetate showed the highest efficacy and durability against the tested strains
Micro-Morphologies of Two Typical Leaf Surfaces and the Effects on their Hydrophobicity and Anti-Adhesion
No full textThe surface micro-morphologies of two kinds of leaves—folium perillae and corn husk—which have excellent anti-adhesion characteristics at high temperature and wet circumstance, were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hydrophobicity and anti-adhesion characteristics were quantitatively measured meanwhile. Results showed that they all had non-smooth surface morphologies mounted with cilia and demonstrated favorable anti-adhesion features. Folium perillae which showed hydrophilicity, had the surface compactly pieced together by jigsaw-like plates, with stomas embedded. On the other hand, corn husk showing hydrophilicity, had the surface appeared longitudinal undulated ripples with sags and crests, and had grains on secondary microscale
Investigating the Small-Bowel: A Brief and Concise Update
No full textAbstract: Investigation and endoscopic intervention options for small-bowel pathology in the second decade of the 21st century are extensive. As such, it is important that sensible and cost-effective diagnostic strategies are being applied. For example, in the investigation of probable IBS faecal calprotectin (FC) estimation is useful first line test. If Crohn’s disease is suspected, by a raised FC, colonoscopy with terminal ileal biopsies may confirm the diagnosis. If diagnostic doubts remain, a small-bowel capsule endoscopy is useful. In the presence or suspicion of a Crohn’s disease stricture, detailed characterization by magnetic resonance (MR) or computed tomography (CT) enteroclysis would be the first investigation of choice. Deep or device-assisted enteroscopy is indicated if biopsies are needed from areas deep in the small-bowel, such as in cases of unusual distribution of Crohn’s disease. In the case of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB), bi-directional endoscopy (upper endoscopy and colonoscopy) remains the diagnostic cornerstone. If there is strong suspicion of bleeding from the small-bowel, SBCE followed by deep enteroscopy for therapy are indicated
Macroscopic Findings of Microscopic Colitis: Quid Videritis
No full textA 64-year-old woman, chronic smoker presented for a colonoscopy due to symptoms of diarrhoea and weight loss; she has been on loperamide and codeine for symptoms relief
The Management of Gastroprotection in Patients Receiving Antiplatelet Agents – Focus on Clopidogrel and PPI
No full textAbstract: Clopidogrel as an adjunct to aspirin has improved outcomes after acute coronary syndromes and coronary stent implantation. Patients with CV co-morbidities, receiving antiplatelet agents because of their usefulness in primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention, present a significantly increased GI risk; therefore in those patients gastroprotective agents are useful to reduce this risk. Laboratory studies suggested a reduced antiplatelet effect when proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are co-administered; those data were corroborated from large retrospective studies.Strong evidence from RCTs and systematic review evaluating the clinical interaction between PPI and clopidogrel failed to demonstrate difference in cardiovascular outcomes, confirming a significant reduction in gastrointestinal bleeding in PPI users.To date, the available evidences do not support the warning that PPI prescription could worsen clinical outcome of patients receiving clopidogrel
Emphasizing Reproductive Health Issues and HIV/AIDS Prevention to Youths from a Religious Perspective in Abia State of Nigeria
No full textAbstract: Background: It is assumed that religion shapes everyday beliefs and activities of individuals including that of youths. The problem is that most times, some religious groups out of ignorance exclude their members from associating themselves with HIV preventive programmes. The need to use religious beliefs to enhance prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among youths in the Church cannot be overemphasized. Here the roles of religious leaders in discouraging HIV-related issues like stigma, discrimination and others among members including youths will be emphasized. In this study, awareness will be created on how youths could integrate religious beliefs with HIV prevention to ensure compliance to HIV/AIDS interventions. Methods: An interactive seminar was held with a sample of 538 youths between 18-51 years who attended the 2010 camp meeting was studied. In effect, all the 538 youth members of Seventh-day Adventist church youth volunteer movement were studied. Researchers used combinations of methods to collect data. Story-telling and pictures of various STIs were used to explain mode of transmission and show how youths could be at risk of HIV infection. Certain strategies to enhance HIV prevention among youths like ‘say no to sex’ and others were highlighted. Thereafter, a 23 self administered questions which centered on knowledge of HIV risk factors, effective methods of preventing HIV infections and others was used for the study. Descriptive statistics including simple percentages on frequency tables were used for analysis. Results: Before the training, a good number of the respondents 404 (75%) had poor knowledge of sexually transmitted infections as a risk factor for HIV infection. HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were seen as punishment from God on those who committed adultery and fornication. A total of 377(70%) respondents were of the opinion that people living positively with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and other STIs committed ominous sins and should be isolated. About 280(52%) of the participants were of the view that they would not disclose their HIV status if infected.. Although 119(22%) of the respondents believed that prayer could cure HIV, as high as 102(19%) of respondents are of the view that HIV has no cure and that youths should avoid being infected. Conclusion: The fact that youths in the church regarded fellow members who are HIV positive as adulterers and/or fornicators shows poor knowledge of mode of HIV infection. There is therefore, the need to organize regular HIV-education outreach for religious groups to reduce beliefs that discourage HIV prevention