Aristotle University of Thessaloniki: Prothiki/ Βιβλιοθήκη ΑΠΘ - Προθήκη
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Συμβατική και αδικοπρακτική ευθύνη ιδιωτικών κλινικών έναντι του ασθενούς
No full textΗ επιλογή της ιδιωτικής περίθαλψης αντί της δημόσιας, είναι, πλέον, αρκετά διαδεδομένη και στη χώρα μας. Οι λόγοι και παράγοντες αυτής της στροφής των πολιτών στις ιδιωτικές κλινικές δεν είναι αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης. Τούτο, όμως, που θα εξεταστεί είναι τόσο η ενδοσυμβατική, όσο και η αδικοπρακτική ευθύνη των ιδιωτικών κλινικών έναντι του ασθενούς στην περίπτωση του ιατρικού σφάλματος
Ευρωπαϊκή ψηφιακή πολιτική για την τεχνητή νοημοσύνη: Μελετώντας την ασφάλεια προϊόντων που βασίζονται σε τεχνητή νοημοσύνη υπό το πρίσμα της ελαττωματικότητάς τους
No full textΣτο παρόν πόνημα επιχειρείται, αφενός να δοθεί μια σφαιρική εικόνα αναφορικά με την ευρωπαϊκή ψηφιακή πολιτική για την τεχνητή νοημοσύνη, αφετέρου να εξεταστεί η ασφάλεια των προϊόντων που βασίζονται σε αυτήν υπό το πρίσμα της ελαττωματικότητάς τους. Εντός του πλαισίου αυτού, αρχικά παρουσιάζονται οι κύριες ευρωπαϊκές πρωτοβουλίες για την τεχνητή νοημοσύνη, καθώς και μερικοί ορισμοί της όπως αυτοί εμφανίζονται στα επίσημα θεσμικά κείμενα της Ένωσης. Έπειτα, παρατίθενται τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης, τα οποία επηρεάζουν την ασφάλεια των προϊόντων που βασίζονται σε αυτήν. Τέλος, λαμβάνει χώρα η διερεύνηση της ελαττωματικότητας των προϊόντων, με εστίαση στην αναθεωρημένη πρόταση οδηγία για την ευθύνη λόγω ελαττωματικών προϊόντων (ΟΕΕΠ)
Challenges of School Leadership During Covid-19: The School as a Complex Dynamic System
No full textThis article presents the progress of an ongoing qualitative research study in Argentina about the challenges of the leadership at a high school during the shocks and turbulence of Covid-19. This study is structured as an epistemological, ontological and methodological approach to complex dynamic systems (García, 2006; Davis Sumara, 2006; Koopmans Stamovlasis, 2016), which allows building a greater understanding of the school and the dynamics of balance and resilience in high schools in Buenos Aires during pandemic. Thequestions that guide our study are: Do the disturbances that impact the school and the change of flows between the subsystems generate such a destabilization that they generate a profound transformation in the system? How does the school principal catalyze the dynamicsof complexity at a time when the pandemic figures a new reality? In what way do the decisions made by the school principal in coordination with other actors generate an adaptive dynamicat school, a transformative innovation, or a possible point in the middle of both? What patterns are configured in school once the pandemic has passed?Keywords: education, complexity, management, leadership, schoo
Complexity in Education: A New Era Begins - Editorial
No full textIt is our pleasure to welcome you to the inaugural issue of the International Journal of Complexity in Education (IJCE)
Cusp Catastrophe Models For Students’ Conceptual Understanding Of The Atomic Structure
No full textThis study investigates students’ fundamental understanding about the atomic structure andontological features of atoms’ identity and behavior, which, within Complex DynamicalSystems (CDS) perspective, aims to provide rational explanations of students’ failure inlearning science. Students’ acquired knowledge is examined as a function of three neo-Piagetian constructs: formal reasoning, field dependence-independence and divergentthinking. Participants (N=167) were secondary education students in tenth grade, who weretaking a mandatory chemistry course. The hypothesis is related to nonlinear effects, inducedby certain factors, which are expected to be found in learning outcomes. Cusp catastrophemodels fitted to empirical data were superior to the linear alternatives and showed that fielddependence-independence and divergent thinking can act as bifurcation factors, while formalreasoning acts as the asymmetry factor. The discontinuities in students’ conceptualunderstanding support a CDS framework and have also important implications for thetheories on the nature of students’ knowledge before they attain the science view.Keywords: chemistry, atomic structure, conceptual understanding, cusp catastrophe,bifurcation factors, Complex Dynamical System
Steps towards an epistemology for cognitive semiotics
No full textCognitive semiotics has been characterized as the pooling together of theories, methods, models, and findings from semiotics and cognitive science. Those who have taken up the challenge of combining these two research traditions have done so, however, in rather different ways. Nevertheless, within both traditions, and predominantly in the second one, there are those who espouse some kind of reductionism, in which meaning and consciousness are non-existent or mere epiphenomena. The present contribution argues that there can be no study of either meaning or consciousness that does not start by recognizing that these are real phenomena, and that all other methods, such as, notably, experiments, while very useful, are only limited and indirect ways of approaching meaning and consciousness. We start by pointing out that linguistics, and therefore semiotics, doesn’t fit into the classical division between Geisteswissenschaften and Naturwissenschaften, but shares properties with both. To begin the building of an epistemology for cognitive semiotics, we hark back to Vico’s notion of Verum Factum, unwittingly explicated by the semiotician Luis Prieto, as well as to the phenomenological method, as it has been defined by both Husserl and Peirce, and taken further by Gurwitsch and Merleau-Ponty
Epistemological challenges in the production of nanotechnology images
No full textIt is common practice within the natural sciences to represent research results in the form of images. Photographs, diagrams, scans and other types of methodologies are employed like MRI, STM, AFM etc. According to Dondero and Fontanille, the complete sequence involved in the creation of a scientific image includes four stages: excitation, signal-response, transduction and visualization. Important qualities of scientific images include being informative and reproducible. Bontems claims that once information is extracted from these images, they enter a second “life cycle” in which their aesthetic power is used to create greater psycho-social impressions. Nanotechnology takes place on the scale of atoms and in doing so, challenges the classical laws of physics and subsequently imaging techniques. Using Dondero’s and Fontanille’s ideas as a starting point, this study will provide some insight into the epistemological perils during the creation of nanotechnology images. Excitation on the nanoscale involves quantum phenomena that diverge from classical causality relations. The blurring between probe and substrate in signal-response mechanisms requires systemic approaches instead of treating instrument and substrate as clearly distinct objects. Finally, transduction depends on mathematical modeling, with different models producing different results. And while scientists do their best to deal with some of these issues, the viewer’s preconceptions of nanoscopic images greatly affect the meaning being communicated
Musical and Cultural Osmosis in Opera. The Byzantine heritage and ιits interaction with opera. The case of Xavier Leroux’s Théodora.
No full textThe byzantine experience with a duration of over one thousand years, was a very important part of spiritual European apparel.[1] This heritage influenced among others and opera, which - as a product of pars Occidentis[2], borrowed from the former mainly thematical historical material.The paper is focused on Leroux’s Théodora and the dramaturgical adaptation of Paul Ferrier’s from the homonym play of Victorien Sardou’s, “acclaimed as the greatest spectacle of the nineteenth century.”[3] Dramaturgical elements such as the transition from idolatry to christianism, the battles between the Blues and the Greens and the Nika Riot, the use of erotic magical filters and the liaisons dangereuses, are combined with common denominator the french naturalism. Leroux creates a collage of elements, although apparently different, being perceivable as supplementary.Leroux utilize the naturalistic idiomatic language musical to the historical people of the 6th century A.D., a fact which a priori creates a contrast. Synthesizing the influences of german symphonism with the traditional elements of the southeastern part of Mediterranean – notably the rhythmical one, and using a subject remote of the norms of the beginning of the 20th century, composes a mosaic which features the musical and cultural osmosis in opera, continuing the tradition of the french grand spectacle.[1] Ahrweiler, Hélène. ‘Βυζάντιο: Ἡ Χριστιανικὴ Αὐτοκρατορία’ in Ahrweiler, Hélène and Maurice Aymard, eds. The Europeans: Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance. Athens: Savalas, 2009: 161.[2] Diocletian (294-305), divided the Roman Empire between pars Orientis and pars Occidentis. Ahrweiler, Hélène. ‘Byzantium: The Christian Empire’ in Hélène and Maurice Aymard, eds. The Europeans: Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance. Athens: Savalas, 2009: 150.[3] Boeck, Elena. “Archaeology of Decadence: Uncovering Byzantium in Victorien Sardou’s Theodora in Byzantium/Modernism: The Byzantine as Method in Modernity, ed. Roland Betancourt and Maria Taroutina (Leiden: Brill Academic Pub., 2015, pp.102-132), p.102.
How Ideology Rewrote the History of Music in Romania of the 1970s-1980s
No full textNicolae Ceaușescu’s “theses” from July 1971 pressured Romanian culture in its entirety on a new trajectory, that of embracing a national kind of Neo-Stalinism. The so-called “socialist humanism” became the official mask of a new socialist realism aggressively propagated in all Romanian artistic domains. Even if officially more tolerant regarding the “methods” and “styles” of writing music, it put cultural life in Communist Romania under strict ideological control. The obstinate appeal to history and national identity played a key role in the “mini-cultural revolution” of the 1970s and 1980s, ideology firmly indicating that musicology takes up the study of the values of our musical past. The emphasis on the age and originality of our musical culture led to a growing interest in folklore and, a paradox in an atheist state, Byzantine music. In a variety of works on the history of music – from articles in Muzica magazine to whole books on the subject –, the historical perspective was altered and, gradually, radicalized along the lines of the new, protochronist ideological wave. The ambition to “prove” Romanian culture’s unique and pioneering character led to the fabrication of a “Romanian” musical past with extremely remote, Thracian roots, making claims – and not metaphorically, as it would seem at first sight – to Orphic parentage
The Tipografsky Ustav and the Blagoveshchensky Kondakar - Surviving witnesses to the earliest Slavic liturgical and musical practices
No full textAmong the oldest surviving musical sources of the Eastern Slavs, the Tipografsky Ustav and the Blagoveshchensky Kondakar, 11th and 12th centuries, respectively, testify to the richness and intensity of the cultural foment of those early centuries following Christianization. These manuscripts represent a high point in the liturgical and musical development of the period, and evince an apparent nascent Slavic musical autonomy. Appended to their kondakarian cycles are octomodally ordered collections of miscellaneous chant fragments whose corollaries can be found only in the oldest Byzantine sources. The following introduces and compares a selection of this repertory in a bid to glimpse the ritual and musical practices in place at this early critical juncture in the liturgical development of Slavia Orthodoxa