Annals of Spiru Haret University
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Effect of Youth Unemployment on the Rate of Crime in Nigeria: A Study of DSTV Viewing Centers in Two Local Government Areas in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the effect of youth unemployment on crime rate among youth unemployment (spectators)in selected DSTV viewing centers in two local government areas in Nigeria. The study was guided by two specific objectives on youth unemployment and crime rate. The research design is descriptive survey and the research instrument is a structured questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty two (232) questionnaires were distributed in all but only One hundred and ninety four (194) that is (83.62%) were retrieved in usable forms. Data collected through questionnaire was analyzed with an inferential statistical tool of multiple regression analysis. The findings showed R squared is 0.034 which indicated that youth unemployment contributed 2.4% of the total variation to the demographic variable of the respondents. With F (5,188) = 1.304, p>.05b, with an R2 of .034, it is therefore concluded that there is no relationship between demographics variables and youth unemployment.The research found out that youth unemployment has significant but marginal effect on crime proneness. Variables were formulated and tested on the relationship between youth unemployment and psychoactive substance use which indicated they both have a negative effect.Therefore, it can be safely concluded that there is no statistically significant relationship between youth unemployment and psychoactive substance use. Also, the findings revealed that there is no significant relationship between demographics variables ofage, marital status, academics qualification, nature of work and source of income and youth unemployment.It is therefore recommended that government must undertake an effective reappraisal of her various public policies and programmes designed to generate adequate economic opportunities capable of creating jobs for the unemployed youths
HOW COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES ENHANCE GENERAL WELLBEING THROUGH HOUSING PROVISION AND SERVICES IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study discusses the activities of cooperative societies in meeting the challenges of housing provision in the face of seeking and repayment processes. The cooperative societies in formal and informal settings were studied. Cooperative societies in 2 tertiary institutions in Nigeria were used as cases for formal setting. Informal setting was represented by the oldest Coordinating Cooperative Union in Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of 330 respondents took part in the study. Questionnaire and interviews were utilized to collect data for the study. The findings revealed that all the cooperative societies ran multipurpose services with housing loan services being equally included. These services included mass purchasing of land (b) acquisition of rapid urbanization. The study made an exposition of housing and related services, loan fixed assets (c) housing loans to members who are about to complete their personal houses or in the process of having one. Cooperative societies were seen as the easiest channels of securing access to affordable housing due to absence of bureaucratic bottleneck and insurmountable conditions. The general feeling was that decision making on how, when and to whom the loan should be given was faster, reliable and enhancing social, mental and physical stability for better productivity
Estimation of Cost Minimization of Garments Sector by Cobb-Douglass Production Function: Bangladesh Perspective
No full textThe Cobb-Douglas production function in the field of economics has a long history. In mathematical economics, it is used to find the functional relationship between the economic inputs and potential outputs. This study applies the Cobb-Douglas production function to predict the cost minimization policies of running garments industry of Bangladesh. In the study the effects of the variation rate of capital, labor and other inputs with return to scale in the garments industry of Bangladesh are examined. In multivariable calculus the method of Lagrange multiplier is a very useful and powerful technique. In this study interpretation of Lagrange multiplier is given to predict the cost minimization policy using Cobb-Douglas production function. An attempt has been taken here to show the production of garments in minimum cost using numerical analysis.
Foreword No 2/2021
No full textGlobally, in June 2021, the World Bank improved its growth forecast for 2021 by 1.5 percentage points, to 5.6%, which means that the world economy will record the strongest growth in the last 80 years. However, the international financial institution warns that many countries, especially the poor ones, are left behind and will need several years to return to pre-pandemic levels
The Effect of Motivation on Employee Performance: in Case of Different Companies
Get PDFWith the abandonment of the classical management approach and the adoption of the modern management approach in the enterprises, it has been emphasized by the managers that the workforce is as important as the technology for the success of the business. The prominence of people in businesses has led to the creation of the human resources department and, accordingly, the emergence of many systems that direct people and increase their productivity. At the beginning of these systems is the motivation and performance evaluation system. It is very difficult to keep employees in the company for a long time and encourage them to act in favour of the company. The main purpose of motivation methods is to ensure that employees act in accordance with the company's goals and achieve successful results. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the factors influencing the performance of employees and employers were rewarding factors, additional payment factors or psycho-social factors, and whether these factors were age, gender, marital status, education level, work experience, occupation, etc. is to investigate how it differs according to demographic factors
EDUCATION FOR WORK RELATED TO LIFESTYLE HEALTH
Get PDFStudies performed in various countries, including Romania, have shown that a number of factors are negatively impacting the health of the population at the workplace and in the household. The connection between health and work has been researched for a number of years as an important driver towards wellbeing. Several studies have been conducted in order to identify problems and to find solutions to harmonize the balance between wealth and health. Increased globalization, the chase for competitive advantage and the reduction of costs (especially labor costs) moved employee attention of from the wellbeing of employees to higher profits. We discuss about such situations mainly in the East European Countries since the labor force is cheaper than in Western Europe. We should not forget that this current trend started in the US and was adopted also by European companies in order to increase profits. In West Europe there are quite a number of studies regarding relation between work and health, while in East Europe the number of such studies is quite small. The present paper proposes as an objective the study of several working factors and the relationship to health in Romania. Some of the results in our study reveal the concordance between the propensity of individuals to sacrifice from their one time and time for work without significant discrepancies between genders. Also the more people invest in their time to rest, the more they are able to work hard without injuries. When it comes to gender characteristics we determined slight changes in behavior with almost the same labor pattern for both participants.Another interesting finding was that rural and urban areas are clearly determining the type of stress exposure for participants with a higher impact for workers coming from the urban area. Physical exercise and labor can be channeled in good order according to the gender capabilities
IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION IN MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN ORGANIC AGRICULTURE. WAYS TO RESPOND TO CHALLENGES. USH PRO BUSINESS, INTER -BIO, WALLACHIA HUB STUDY CASE
Get PDFAbstractDigital technologies are used in an increasingly in everyday life, in any aspects of human activities. Pandemics like Corona Virus imposed stricter rules for health and people, most probably, will prefer to be safer with organic products. Even before the crises, organic agriculture especially was on the path to digitalization. Now we realize better that Digitally Conducted Organic Agri-food (DCOA) solutions will emerge even faster. This paper is investigating the trends of evolution of digital transformation in organic agri-food industry and their impact on trade flows with food products. We look at the new emerging business models triggered by the DCOA solutions and the managerial challenges this will require especially for innovative start ups, farmers and SMEs in agri-food sector. Finally, we argue that university led innovation ecosystem, like the study case presented, may offer knowledge hubs for farmers, processors and sector branch organizations in the organic sector
BokoHaram Terrorism and The Futurology of Nigeria’s Development
Get PDFThis study interrogates the continued manifestation of the BokoHaram terrorism that inheres in the prevailing human securities challenges in Nigeria, and why the Nigerian developmental quests had failed and are bound to fail in the future should the human insecurity challenges that accounted for the BokoHaram terrorism are left unabated in Nigeria. Collected qualitative and archival data lend credence to the centrality of the proposition of this study that Boko-Haram terrorism would remain as long as the human security challenges such as poverty, inequalities, social injustice, unemployment, illiteracy remain unaddressed. This study therefore recommends a human-based approach to addressing the BokoHaram terrorism
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Most Fatal Pandemic in the Twenty First Century
Get PDFThe novel (new) coronavirus fatal disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-COV-2 (2019-nCoV). It has been identified as the causative agent of the viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. It has a high human to human transmission capability and primarily targets the human respiratory system. Healthcare providers to common people are in high risks of the contamination of this fatal disease. It spreads person to person through respiratory droplets by coughs and sneezes. It is associated with severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans. At present it becomes great global public health concern. On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared the global COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. An attempt has been taken here to create consciousness among the common people to reduce the fatality of this killer disease.
Circular Economy: An Inevitability Issue for the Sustainable Human Civilization
Get PDF Since start of the Industrial Revolution about 260 years ago, the negative effects from the traditional linear economy (LE) become threat to the stability of the economies and natural ecosystems. Strength of climate change, reduction of environment pollution and integrity of ecosystems are essential issues for survival of the global humanity. According to LE resources for production are easily available and unlimited, and after use wastes are disposable. The circular economy (CE) is an alternative to the LE where the resources may be used for as long as possible. It tries to capture the value of existing products and materials, and decreases the use of primary materials in industries. The CE is a part of environmental economics and beneficial to the society. It keeps products, components, and materials at their highest utility and maximum value at all times. At present CE is one of the most focused terms among environmental economic scientists. The aim of this study is the implementation of the sustainable development strategies and the transition from LE towards CE