Universidad Nacional de Trujillo: Publicaciones Científicas
Not a member yet
3750 research outputs found
Sort by
Tejiendo Evidencia Local y Legado Global: Un Camino Integral para la Salud Pública y la Nutrición
No full textEfectividad clínica y radiográfica de dos pastas de obturación para pulpectomía en molares primarias con pulpa necrótica
No full textObjetive: To compare the effectiveness of two filling pastes METAPEX ® and MCM chemotherapy paste in the treatment of primary molars with necrotic pulp. Methods: A controlled clinical trial with paired data was conducted in 29 six-year-old patients diagnosed with necrotic pulp in their mandibular first primary molars. The children were treated with two molars with necrotic pulp. Two study groups were established: Group A, molars filled with METAPEX, and Group B, molars filled with MCM antibiotic paste. The children received treatment with one technique per session and were subsequently restored with a glass ionomer restorative (Ketac Molar Eaxymix®). These were evaluated clinically and radiographically over time under certain parameters to determine their effectiveness. Results: When comparing the clinical and radiographic effectiveness between the METAPEX and MCM pulpectomy filling pastes, the values indicate that there is no significant difference between them p>0.05 Conclusion: Multibiotic paste (MCM) is highly effective in the treatment of patients diagnosed with pulp necrosis.Objetivo: Comparar la efectividad de dos pastas de obturación para pulpectomía METAPEX ® y pasta multibiótica MCM en el tratamiento de molares primarias con pulpa necrótica. Métodos: Estudio tipo ensayo clínico controlado con datos apareados en 29 pacientes de seis años con diagnóstico de pulpa necrótica en primeros molares primarios inferiores. Se trabajó con niños que tenían 2 molares con pulpa necrótica, estableciéndose dos grupos de estudio Grupo A molares que se obturaron con METAPEX y Grupo B molares que se obturaron con pasta antibiótica MCM. Los niños recibieron tratamiento con una técnica por sesión, restaurándose posteriormente con Ionómero de Vidrio de Restauración (Ketac Molar Eaxymix®). Las mismas que bajo ciertos parámetros fueron evaluadas clínica y radiográficamente en el tiempo, para determinar su efectividad. Resultados: Al comparar la efectividad clínica y radiográfica entre las pastas de obturación para pulpectomías METAPEX y MCM los valores indicaron que no existe diferencia significativa entre ellas p>0.05 Conclusión: La pasta multibiótica (MCM) es altamente eficaz en el tratamiento de pacientes con diagnóstico de necrosis pulpa
Rol del magnesio en personas obesas adultas con dislipidemia. Una Revisión Bibliográfica
No full textObesity contributes directly to dyslipidaemia due to various factors, one of which has been little studied: magnesium deficiency in obese people may be caused by a deficiency in magnesium intake. Hypomagnesaemia leads to various alterations such as: a diversion of the glucose pathway towards an increase in lipids, oxidative stress, an indirect activation of the NF-κB pathway resulting in insulin resistance and an increase in cholesterol. Research has shown an inverse relationship between magnesium levels and obesity. We conclude that hypomagnesaemia leads to insulin resistance and dyslipidaemias.La obesidad contribuye de forma directa a las dislipidemias por causa de diferentes factores; uno de ellos poco estudiado es la implicancia con el magnesio ya que en personas obesas existe una deficiencia de este oligoelemento que podría estar causada por un déficit en su ingesta. La hipomagnesemia conlleva a diversas alteraciones como: una desviación de la vía de la glucosa hacia un aumento de lípidos, un estrés oxidativo, una activación indirecta de la vía NF-κB que resulta en la resistencia a la insulina y aumento del colesterol. Investigaciones demostraron una relación inversa entre los niveles de magnesio y obesidad. Concluimos que la hipomagnesemia conlleva a la resistencia a la insulina y las dislipidemias
Supplementation of feed blocks to the basal diet of native forage improves digestibility and ruminal fermentation in late-gestation sheep
No full textThe nutrient content of available native fodders for sheep under tropical conditions is low, while the nutrient requirements of sheep, particularly during late pregnancy, are high. This study aimed to enhance the nutritive value of various indigenous fodders using formulated feed block supplementation to address nutrient insufficiency in late-pregnant crossbred Batur sheep. Five basal diets were formulated from native fodders with and without feed blocks supplementation (FS). Treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial design, with the first factors being five basal diets and the second factors being supplementation with and without feed block. Each treatment had six replicates. The results showed significant interactions effect (p < 0.01) between the basal diets and supplementation on in vitro digestibility, ruminal pH value, NH3-N, total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, total gas production, total bacterial and protozoa population. The highest response of FS in terms of increased digestibility and total VFA production was observed in the basal diet comprising a 1:1 ratio of dwarf elephant grass and Galinsoga (Galinsoga parviflora) (P4). Feed block supplementation decreased protozoa and bacterial populations in most treatments but tended to increase methane emissions (p = 0.6947). The protozoa population decreased sharply in the P2 basal diet (native grass, carrot leaves, and white hoarypea (Tephrosia candida (Roxb.) DC), while the bacterial population increased significantly in the P4 basal diet. In conclusion, feed block supplementation to native fodder mixture basal diet improves feed digestibility and rumen fermentation to overcome nutrient insufficiency in late-pregnant crossbred Batur sheep
Agroforestry and montane forest management as strategies to mitigate carbon loss and sustain ecosystem functions in the Central Andes of Peru
No full textLand-use change in the Central Andes of Peru has led to the widespread conversion of tropical montane forests, significantly reducing their carbon storage capacity. This study estimated aboveground and soil carbon stocks across a disturbance gradient: croplands (C), agroforestry systems (AF), regenerating montane forests (BMR), and conserved montane forests (BMC). Using destructive and non-destructive sampling, 61 plots (0.1 ha each) were assessed, measuring live and dead aboveground biomass, fine roots, and soil organic carbon down to 1 meter. Results show that BMC had the highest total carbon stock (575.33 ± 215.4 Mg C ha⁻¹), followed by BMR (386.53 ± 186.6), AF (276.69 ± 172.5), and C (205.14 ± 114.03). Soil organic carbon was the dominant carbon pool across all land uses, contributing between 93% (in croplands) and 62% (in conserved forests) of total carbon, highlighting its central role in carbon dynamics. Carbon stocks were significantly associated with vegetation structural attributes (basal area, diameter at breast height, canopy cover) and soil properties (texture, cation exchange capacity, organic matter content). Trees with diameter at breast height ≥ 30 cm contributed over 50% of aboveground carbon, underlining their importance in biomass carbon storage. These findings reveal a clear gradient of loss in the ecosystem service of carbon storage, driven by land-use intensification and the simplification of forest structure. However, they also demonstrate that the recovery of degraded forests and the implementation of agroforestry systems are viable strategies to reduce the loss of ecosystem functions and contribute meaningfully to climate change mitigation
Distribution dynamics of nutrient and biomass in yacon organs
No full textStudies on nutrient absorption patterns allow for the identification of periods of peak nutritional demand, the amount of nutrients accumulated in each organ, the quantity exported by harvest, and the necessary replenishment to the soil. These insights are crucial for developing effective fertilization programs for crops. This study aimed to determine the nutrient absorption pattern of macro and micronutrients and the accumulation of biomass in various organs of yacon plants. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, following a randomized block design. The treatments consisted of different plant ages. Seven evaluations were conducted monthly, starting 30 days after transplanting. Twelve plants from the useful area were sampled for each evaluation. The plants were divided into five parts (leaves, stems, rhizophores, roots, and tuberous roots) to determine dry biomass. The samples were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn content. Yacon prioritized the allocation of photoassimilates for biomass production in the following order: tuberous roots, rhizophores, leaves, stems, and fine roots. Nutrient absorption by yacon plants followed this order: Ca > N > K > Mg > P > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. Tuberous roots were the main organ for nutrient accumulated, exporting from the system 71, 15, 57, 125, 11, 1.8, 0.87, 0.40, and 0.27 kg há-1 of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu, respectively. These results provide critical physiological parameters for formulating evidence-based fertilization programs and modeling yacon growth, thereby advancing precision nutrient management. Moreover, integrating these data into agronomic models and sustainability assessments will facilitate the crop’s development as a high-value functional food, supporting both productive and environmental goals
Socioeconomic factors determining the production of smallholder farmers of organic quinoa in the Peruvian Andes
No full textOrganic quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild) cultivation embodies a holistic agricultural approach, integrating biological fertilizers to curtail reliance on insecticides and synthetic fertilizers and low levels of greenhouse gases. The objective of this paper was to identify the socioeconomic factors that determine smallholder farmer organic quinoa production. The socioeconomic factors of organic quinoa farmer in the district of San Jerónimo, Apurímac in Southern Peru associated with five groups of organic quinoa farmers. Primary data were collected from 109 smallholder farmers belonging to quinoa producers' associations, using a non-experimental and cross-sectional study design, that was analyzed with descriptive, correlational statistics and a logistic regression method involving the evaluation of 13 independent variables. Motivational factors are identified through the application of a qualitative and quantitative sequence of mixed methods design. The results show that high price is the most important explanatory variable, and it is also the one that smallholders primarily consider when cultivating organic quinoa. The second most important variables motivating such farmers are social factors, mainly those related to health benefits, food quality and lastly environmental benefits. The variables: quinoa income, distance to the land, membership in an association, technical assistance and mixed (own and hired) labor had an inverse relationship with organic quinoa production while land ownership had a positive but less significant effect on the production of organic quinoa (p < 0.1). In conclusion, organic quinoa producers are primarily influenced by financial reasons, followed by considerations of sustainability and the desire to obtain healthy, pesticide-free food for self-consumption. These findings of important factors in the adoption of organic agriculture by producer associations and the motivational aspects found for its continued production could be considered in agricultural policy proposals in the face of a world with greater demands for food and environmental protection
Isolation of wild fermentative yeast strains from native fruits of Misiones province, Argentina
No full textThe objective of the present study was to isolate and select wild fermentative yeast strains to be used in the production of regional alcohol beverages. Yeasts were isolated from the spontaneous fermentation of must from different fruits of Misiones province and their ability to produce ethanol, as well as their tolerance to stress factors, were evaluated. Among a total of 62 isolated yeast strains, P2, P6, P7, and P11 (isolated from pitanga), and M31 (isolated from black mulberry) were preselected for presenting greater fermentation capacity. Strains P6 and P11 proved to be the most resistant to ethanol and more osmotolerant, could grow in the presence of SO2 and presented a good ethanol yield, which was 69.6% (P6) and 77% (P11) with respect to the maximum theoretical yield. The other yeast strains showed lower tolerance to the stress factors studied. According to the results of the present study, strains P6 and P11 were selected for further research focused on the production of regional fruit wines
Numerical Modeling and Simulations for an Ocean Circulation Model of the Southern Pacific
No full textIn this work, we consider the primitive equations of an ocean circulation model for the southern pacific, which consists of the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations in the β-plane coupled with the temperature transport equation. Specifically, the full three-dimensional equations are adopted and formulated as a monolithic system of nonstationary, nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations. The El Nino phenomenon is simulated by the action of given wind stresses on the ocean surface. We present an approximation scheme with Crank-Nicolson finite differences in time, and in space we take inf-sup stable Galerkin finite elements for the Navier-Stokes part and bilinear elements for the temperature. We solve the resulting, nonlinear monolithic discrete system by Newton's method. Numerical experiments with realistic geometry and material data are conducted, which show the practicability of our approach.In this work, we consider the primitive equations of an ocean circulation model for the southern pacific, which consists of the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations in the β-plane coupled with the temperature transport equation. Specifically, the full three-dimensional equations are adopted and formulated as a monolithic system of nonstationary, nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations. The El Nino phenomenon is simulated by the action of given wind stresses on the ocean surface. We present an approximation scheme with Crank-Nicolson finite differences in time, and in space we take inf-sup stable Galerkin finite elements for the Navier-Stokes part and bilinear elements for the temperature. We solve the resulting, nonlinear monolithic discrete system by Newton's method. Numerical experiments with realistic geometry and material data are conducted, which show the practicability of our approach
Percepciones de masculinidad y violencia conyugal en usuarios de un Centro de salud
No full textSe realizó una investigación documental de información fidedigna y relevante con el objetivo de explicar cómo las percepciones de masculinidad influyen en la violencia conyugal contra la mujer. Para ello, se empleó una metodología de búsqueda sistemática, consultando artículos científicos e informes sobre masculinidad y violencia conyugal en diversas bases de datos, abarcando publicaciones entre 2018 y 2023. Los resultados revelaron que la masculinidad hegemónica está vinculada a la perpetuación de la violencia de género, influenciada por estereotipos de género y normas patriarcales. Además, se observó que las generaciones más jóvenes presentan una mayor aceptación de la equidad de género en comparación con generaciones anteriores. Se concluyó que las percepciones tradicionales de masculinidad, que enfatizan la dominancia, la agresividad y la represión emocional, impactan directamente en la violencia contra la mujer, reforzando actitudes y comportamientos que perpetúan las desigualdades de género y justifican el uso de la violencia como medio de control