Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences
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Hypocobaltosis and hypocuprosis in pregnant mares in the western biogeochemical zone of Ukraine (distribution, diagnosis)
Get PDFThe article presents theoretical and experimental substantiation of relationship between the content of trace elements in the soil, water, feed and blood of mare with hypocobaltosis and hypocuprosis in biogeochemical province of Transcarpathia. The total content of Zn in soils is 50.96 mg/kg, Cu – 16.32, Co – 7.14, and Mn – 493.97 mg/kg. It was established decrease in the concentration of mobile forms of Cu and Co (0.01mg /kg), Cr (1.93), Pb (1.66), Ni (0.67), Zn (1.42). Also, in water from artesian wells of research farm it was established decreased content of Co (by 3.3 times), Cu (111), Zn (1.19), Mn (1.31), Cd (5.0 times) and on the contrary increased content of Pl by 5.6, Ni – 3.3 and Fe – 43.5 times. Providing of mares by Co is 54.7%, Cu – 88.5, Zn – 83.3, Fe – 88.4, Mn by 29%. The negative effect of Cobalt and Copper deficiency on erythrocytopoesis is shown. In particular, the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin level, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte indicate a development of alimentary anemia in pregnant mares. The established low level of Co and Cu that indicates the development of polymicroelementosis in mares. The Cobalt content in blood of non-pregnant mares was on the lower physiological limit and on average it was 0.48 ± 0.02 μmol/l. In the mares, at 7 month of pregnancy, the Cobalt content was lower (P < 0.01) than that of non-pegnant. In the 9–11 months of pregnancy, its level was on average 0.19 ± 0.02 μmol/l, which is lower by 2.5 and 1.9 times than in non-pregnant mares (P < 0.001) and at 4 months of pregnancy (P < 0.05). The Copper content in blood of mares at 9–11 months of pregnancy was lowest and the average was 2.09 ± 0.07 μmol/l (1.98–2.27), which is lower on 46.8 and 22.6% (P < 0.001) compared to non-pregnant and mares at 4 month of pregnancy. Hypocopperemia was established in 100% of studied mares. In non-pregnant mares, the Copper content was on average 3.93 ± 0.14 μmol/l. Taking into account the role of these microelements in metabolic transformations, changes in the composition of blood and the development of metabolism disorders in the organism of mares during the period of pregnancy can be explained
Meat quality of obroshyno grey geese while their cultivation
Get PDFThe process of cultivating obroshyno gray geese improved their meat qualities. In particular, we determined by our researches that, based on the indicators of live weight, the males of the II group (4726 g) prevailed geese of the I and II groups (1.02%), while females of the ІІ group (4153 g) prevailed all groups by 4.19%. The weight of non-eviscerated males of the II group was 4116 g, which is 3.78% higher than that of males of the group I, while females of the group ІІ (3461 g) surpassed other geese by this indicator by 5.10%. The weight of eviscerated of carcasses of males of the II group was 3211 g, which is 3.5% higher than that of males of group I, while females of the second group (2738 g) surpassed others by 6.6%. The outcome of edible parts in the young geese of experimental groups was quite high, but the highest was the young in the second group. In males of the second group, this inicator was 61.5%, and females – 58.9%. The weight of the chilled carcasses of males of the II group was 3120 g, which was 3.93% higher than that of the males of the group I, while the females of the second group (2691 g) surpassed others by 7.04%. The weight of the skin with subcutaneous fat in males of the second group was 706 g, which is 3.67% higher than that of male of the group I (681 g), while females of group II (632 g) surpassed others by 4.64%. The mass of internal fat in males of the ІІ group was 111 g, which is 15.62% higher than that of male of the I group (95 g), while females of ІІ group (72 g) exceeded others by 12.5%. The weight of the muscles in the males of the second group was 1695 g, which is 8.58% higher than that of the male of the group I (1561 g), and the females of the second group (1399 g) surpassed others by this indicator – by 7.6%. The obtained data indicate that the most intense accumulation of dry matter in the chest muscles up to 9 weeks of age occurs in geese of the II group. A similar situation is observed in the femoral muscles. At 9 weeks of age, the males of the second group had 29.74% of the dry matter in the breast muscle of the crude mass, females – 27.35% of the crude mass, and in males of the I group – 27.74%, of females – 27.30%. The same regularity in the content of dry matter is noted in the femoral muscle. The accumulation of protein in the studied muscles of geese, as the main indicator of meat quality, was in accordance with the general laws. The highest rate was in the thoracic and femoral muscles of males and females of the II group. The highest level of total nitrogen content in the muscles was found in males of the second group. In experimental geese, the accumulation of protein nitrogen in the chest muscle is higher than in the muscles of the legs. This indicator is higher in males than females. According to the content of albuminous nitrogen in the chest muscle, the highest rate was observed in males II group (3425 mg%). Non-protein nitrogen in the chest muscles and leg muscles increased to 9 weeks of age
Disinvasive efficacy of chlorine-based preparations of domestic production for eggs of nematodes of the species Aonchotheca bovis parasitizing in sheep
Get PDFThe paper presents the results of experimental researches on the determination of the disinvasion efficiency of chlorinated chemical preparations of domestic production of “Brovades-plus”, “Bi-dez” and “Dezsans” of NPF “Brovafarma” (Ukraine). The conducted researches on the basis of the parasitology laboratory found that the studied disinfectants possess disinvasive properties in respect of non-invasive test culture of eggs of nematodes of the species Aonchotheca bovis (son Capillaria bovis) López-Neyra, 1947, isolated from gonads of females of worms. The dissimilar stability of eggs of capillaries to the effect of the tested agents in vitro is proved. The most effective disinfectant in the case of eggs of capillaries of the species A. bovis was the preparation “Dezsan”. The high level of its disinvasive efficacy (DE – 91.14–100.0%) was registered at the application of the preparation in 1.0–2.0% of the exposure concentration for 10–60 minutes. The chemicals “Bi-dez” and “Brovadez-plus” proved to be less effective in the relatively non-invasive test culture of A. bovis eggs. The high level of efficiency (DE –92.41–100.00%) of the “Bi-dez” was achieved with its use at concentrations of 1.5% (exposure of 30 and 60 min) and 2.0% (exposure of 10–60 minutes) The “Brovadez plus” preparation in vitro proved to be the least effective means of non-invasive test culture of nematode eggs of the species A. bovis, since a high level of disinvasive efficacy (DE – 100.00%) was achieved only with the use of 2.0% solution per exposure 10–60 min. It was established that the experimentally tested chlorine-based means of domestic production resulted in the death of eggs in the culture in due to the destructive effect of the components of the preparations on the shell, the caps of eggs of the capillaries, as well as on the germ in the middle of the egg. In experimental cultures treated with the means, the destruction of the shell of the egg in the location of the caps, the exit of morulae outside, the cessation of development or shrinkage of the embryo and deformation of the egg shell were recorded
Influence of HammecoTox and Zeolitis on morphological and biochemical indicators of rat's blood under conditions of experimental fumonisin toxicosis
Get PDFIn the article the peculiarities of the influence of fodder additives HammecoTox and Zeolit on the organism of rats under conditions of experimental chronic fumonisin toxicosis are given. The research was carried out under vivarium of State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives. In the experiment, 40 rats of body weight 165–170 g. were used. 4 groups were formed. First group of animals was control, in experimental II, III, and IV groups of animals chronic fumonisin toxicosis was reproduced. Rats were injected intragastrically daily of 90 mg of fumonisin per animal. After the manifestation of clinical signs of fumonisin toxicosis on the 21st day, animals of groups ІІІ-ІV began to feed fodder additives, respectively, rats from group III – HammecoTox, IV – Zeolit. After injection of fumonisin to experimental rats, the morpho-functional state of animals has been gradually changing since the first days. Clinical picture of fumonisin toxicosis in experimental rats at day 14 was manifested by dermo-necrotic effect, it was observed redness and formation of crust on visible mucous membranes, nose, showed swelling and redness of the forelocks. After the analysis of the obtained results of hematological researches on the 14th day in rats of group II under the conditions of experimental fumonisin toxicosis, was revealed a probable increase in the number of leukocytes, was established a tendency for growth, the number of eosinophils, segmental neutrophils, as well as a decrease in the number of lymphocytes, monocytes, compared with the control group. In the analysis of leukograms was noted a tendency to shift the nucleus to the left. These results indicated the presence of inflammatory processes and reduced immune protection of the organism of animals in general. After using of feed additives of HammecoTox and Zeolit under conditions of fumonisin toxicosis, of particular note is the stabilization of hematological parameters, the content of hematocrit, the number of leukocytes, the increase in the content of eosinophils and lymphocytes, which reflects the activation of hematopoiesis in the organism of experimental animals and its protective factors. An increase in the urea content in these groups indicates the recovery of urea-synthesis and urea-excretory liver function. In general, for the period of the conducted searches, the effectiveness of both feed additives in the experimental fumonisin toxicosis has been established. However, it should be noted that more active processes of normalizing the clinical condition of experimental rats when using HammecoTox, which is due to the complex influence of the means on the organism of animals