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Use of virtual reality to estimate radiation dose rates in nuclear plants
Get PDFOperators in nuclear plants receive radiation doses during several different operation procedures. A training
program capable of simulating these operation scenarios will be useful in several ways, helping the planning of
operational procedures so as to reduce the doses received by workers, and to minimize operations’ times. It can provide safe virtual operation training, visualization of radiation dose rates, and estimation of doses received by workers. Thus, a virtual reality application, a free game engine, has been adapted to achieve the goals of this project. Simulation results for Argonauta research reactor of Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear are shown in this paper. A database of dose rate measurements, previously performed by the radiological protection service, has been used to display the dose rate distribution in the region of interest. The application enables the user to walk in the virtual scenario, displaying at all times the dose accumulated by the avatar
Ergonomics evaluation as a powerful tool to redesign advanced interfaces of nuclear control rooms
Get PDFErgonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and
other elements of a system. Ergonomics contributes to the design and evaluation of tasks, jobs, products,
environments and systems in order to make them compatible with the needs, abilities and limitations of people.
In the safe operation of nuclear power plant the performance of the control room crews plays an important role.
In this respect, well-designed human-system interfaces (HSI) are crucial for safe and efficient operation of the
plant, reducing the occurrence of incidents, accidents and the risks for human error. The aim of this paper is to
describe a case study in which a methodological framework was applied to redesign advanced interfaces of a
nuclear simulator
Applications of deterministic and probabilistic methods in replacement of nuclear systems
No full textThe economic equipment replacement problem is one of the oldest questions in Production Engineering. On the one hand, new equipment are more attractive given their best performance, better reliability, lower maintenance cost, etc. New equipment, however, require a higher initial investment and thus a higher opportunity cost, and impose special training of the labor force. On the other hand, old equipment represent the other way around, with lower performance, lower reliability and specially higher maintenance costs but in contrasts having lower financial, insurance, and opportunity costs. The weighting of all these costs can be made with the various methods presented. The aim of this paper in to discuss deterministic and probabilistic methods applied to the study of equipment replacement. Two types of distinct problems will be examined, substitution imposed by the wearing and substitution imposed by the failures. In order to solve the problem of nuclear system substitution imposed by wearing, deterministic methods are discussed. In order to solve the problem of nuclear system substitution imposed by the failures probabilistic methods are discussed
Fractional sclaling analysis applied to scale a pressurizer test facility
No full textLocal Scaling and Fractional Scaling Analysis (FSA) have been applied at the system level to surge flow transients in a pressurizer with the purpose of sizing a 1/100 volume scale test facility. It was shown that the relation between pressure and volume displacement rates is analogous to that of generalized “effort” and “flow” in interdisciplinary analysis of complex systems. At the component level, a relation between pressurizer liquid volume and the volume displacement rates is obtained. Properly scaled outsurge transients in a full scale pressurizer have identical pressure and liquid volume histories as compared to a properly designed 1/100 volume experimental facility. FSA allows the rank of the processes quantitatively and thereby objectively in the order of their importance. For the case in analysis, surge flow dominates all other volume displacement rates (the second in importance was due to the heater). The dominant agent of pressure change in the pressurizer is that due to maximum surge flow. For similarity, the same dominant agent of change is assumed for the experiment, which permits to define its surge flow. Likewise, the heating power of the experiment, necessary to control the specified out-surge flow transient, is calculated assuming equality in the second largest agent of change, which is that due to heating
Dissemination of medical applications of nuclear energy with virtual reality technology
No full textThis work makes use of Virtual Reality technology to disseminate medical applications of nuclear energy, with
educational purposes. Virtual Reality is an effective learning tool, since navigation and interaction in virtual
worlds can improve motivation in the learning process. With this technology, learning can be achieved in a
clearer, joyful and more objective way. Among the existing medical applications of nuclear energy, this work
focuses on the use of radiopharmaceuticals. The goal is to simulate this application in a virtual environment, for
educational purposes, and to show the absorption of a radiopharmaceutical by the human body, during a
diagnostics or treatment procedure. An example has been chosen, for Iodine radiopharmaceutical, which has
affinity with the thyroid, and then concentrates in this organ. During the simulation, the concentration of the
radioactive Iodine in the thyroid can be emphasized, and in the sequence, the virtual patient can be shown
during the imaging procedure
Volume fraction calculation in multiphase system such as oil-water-gas using neutron
No full textMulti-phase flows are common in diverse industrial sectors and the attainment of the volume fraction of each
element that composes the flow system presents difficulties for the engineering process, therefore, to determine them is very important. In this work is presented methodology for determination of volume fractions in annular three-phase flow systems, such as oil-water-gas, based on the use of nuclear techniques and artificial intelligence. Using the principle of the fast-neutron transmission/scattering, come from an isotopic 241Am-Be source, and two point detectors, is gotten measured that they are influenced by the variations of the volume fractions of each phase present in the flow. An artificial neural network is trained to correlate such measures with the respective volume fractions. In order to get the data for training of the artificial neural network without necessity to carry through experiments, MCNP-X code is used, that simulates computational of the neutrons transport. The methodology is sufficiently advantageous, therefore, allows to develop a measurement system capable to determine the fractions of the phases (oil-water-gas), with proper requirements of each petroliferous installation and with national technology contributing, possibly, with reduction of costs and increase of productivity
Disseminação das aplicações da energia nuclear na medicina com o uso da tecnologia de realidade virtual
No full textVirtual reality technology through
stereo 3D visualization enables
disseminate such knowledge in order
more enjoyable, resulting in better
learning the concepts exposed in
compared to those obtained by traditional means. The
dissemination of energy applications
nuclear in society through technology
Virtual reality is one of the lines
Virtual Reality Laboratory research
- LABRV [1] - the IEN. This work aims
disseminate to the general public, the
application of nuclear energy in medicine,
highlighting the importance of such
application in society. Among the applications
exist, the use is shown
radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis or treatment
patients. It is expected that this
knowledge is acquired in a more
clear, objective and enjoyable.A tecnologia de realidade virtual, por meioda visualização estéreo em 3D, possibilitadisseminar um dado conhecimento de formamais agradável, resultando em um melhoraprendizado dos conceitos expostos em relação aos obtidos por meios tradicionais. A disseminação das aplicações da energia
nuclear na sociedade através da tecnologia de realidade virtual é uma das linhas de
pesquisa do Laboratório de Realidade Virtual– LABRV [1] – do IEN. Este trabalho visa disseminar, para o público em geral, a aplicação da energia nuclear na medicina,destacando a importância deste tipo de
aplicação na sociedade. Dentre as aplicações existentes, é mostrado o uso de
radiofármacos, em diagnóstico ou tratamento de pacientes. Espera-se que este
conhecimento seja adquirido de forma mais clara, objetiva e agradável
Study of volume fractions for stratified and annular regime in multiphase flows using Gamma-Rays and artificial neural network
No full textThis work presents methodology based on the use of nuclear technique and artificial intelligence for attainment of volume fractions in stratified and annular multiphase flow regime, oil-water-gas, very frequent in the offshore industry petroliferous. Using the principles of absorption and scattering of gamma-rays and an
adequate geometry scheme of detection with two detectors and two energies measurement are gotten and they vary as changes in the volume fractions of flow regime occur. The MCNP-X code was used in order to provide the data training for artificial neural network that matched such information with the respective actual volume fractions of each material
Man Machine Interface Based On Speech Recognition
Get PDFThis work reports the development of a Man Machine Interface based on speech recognition. The system must recognize spoken commands, and execute the desired tasks, without manual interventions of operators. The range of applications goes from the execution of commands in an industrial plant’s control room, to navigation and interaction in virtual environments. Results are reported for isolated word recognition, the isolated words corresponding to the spoken commands. For the pre-processing stage, relevant parameters are extracted from the speech signals, using the cepstral analysis technique, that are used for isolated word recognition, and corresponds to the inputs of an artificial neural network, that performs recognition tasks
Particle Trajectory Tracing and Computational Electromagnetics for Accelerator and Related Technologies
Get PDFThe main objective of this R&D work is to simulate particle beam optics in CV-28 Cyclotron of Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear – IEN/CNEN, as a support for improvements or optimization of this particle accelerator. Besides 2D magnetostatic field computation results, the authors present an alternative method for charged particle trajectories computation in electrostatic or magnetostatic fields. This task is approached by
analytical computation of trajectories, by parts, considering constant fields within each finite element. This method has some advantages over numerical integration ones: numerical miscomputation of trajectories is avoided; stability problem is also avoided, for the magnetostatic field case. Some examples are presented, including positive ion extraction from cyclotrons with strip-foil. This latter technique is an interesting alternative for upgrading positive ion cyclotrons, such as CV-28 Cyclotron. The particle trajectory computation method presented in this work is of interest not only for cyclotrons, but for accelerator and related technology, in general