California State University (CSU): Open Journal Systems
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The Effect of Race on Poverty and the Equality of Minorities
Get PDFUsing General Social Survey (GSS) data from 1972 to 2004, this study considers if racial discrimination continues to represent a significant barrier for the economic advancement of African Americans and other minorities in the U.S. compared to whites. Specifically, does race affect income equality? Bivariate analysis and Logistic Regression analysis indicate that the “total family income average” for Blacks is significantly less compared to Whites, and Blacks are more likely to live in poverty (income less than $25,000) than Whites. Conversely, when it comes to other minority groups, there is no significant difference in “total family income average” compared to Whites. In addition, the findings also suggest that women are far more likely to live in poverty than men, as one’s gender has a significant effect on one’s income earning potential
Difference of Receipt of Gratitude: A Comparative Analysis of the Experiences of Vietnam and Operation Desert Storm Veterans
Get PDFScholarship has long understudied the veteran population
in the United States in part because civilians generally lack the military exposure to adequately understand the lived experiences of veterans. Few studies analyze how the receipt of gratitude by the U.S. public is internalized by veterans, as well as the ways in which their experiences “returning home” depend on the war in which the veteran served. Namely, Vietnam veterans were ostracized upon returning to the U.S. civilian life they once knew so well. They lacked widespread social acceptance due to negative opinions regarding the Vietnam War. Reintegration into society became challenging and led to internalized schemas among veterans that their military participation was morally wrong. This contrasts with the social support attributed to Operation Desert Storm veterans. Operation Desert Storm (ODS) was a war in which American causalities were at an all-time low for the first time in U.S. war history (Hillen 1993). Civilians’ opinions were less harmful and contributed to the veterans being welcomed back with relatively open arms, though gratitude also is subjective and can be perceived differently by individuals within each cohort
Film Review: Women Talking by Sarah Polley
Get PDFThe title Women Talking initially comes off as passive. However, the women featured in this story are actually working to put words into action after a shocking revelation about the strange and violating experiences all female-bodied residents of an isolated Mennonite community have been waking up to for years. When seeking explanations, the male elders of the colony gaslight the women by attributing the assaults to Satan, ghosts, bids for attention, or hysterical female imagination. Finally, one of the men is caught in the act and gives up the names of the other perpetrators while revealing the use of cow tranquilizer to pull off the attacks. During the two days while the male perpetrators are jailed in the city, the women are left behind at the colony. They are told to use this time to forgive the attackers or be banished from the colony. Their banishment also means being barred from heaven due to their unforgiveness. Instead, the women decisively use this time to host a referendum, which leads to talking out a tie between choosing to stay and fighting or leaving the colony
California Sociology Forum
Get PDFThis is the first page of the California Sociology Forum Student Journal of Sociology Volume 5 Spring 2023
Physical educators, distance learning, and the pandemic: Crisis learning
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic forced educators across the country to immediately shift their mode of teaching to a distance learning format. While online education was already an option in all 50 states, it was a choice for students and teachers. Distance learning in physical education is an under researched area, and there is minimal guidance on best practices (1). Additionally, physical educators have struggled to apply instructional practices from the face-to-face environment to online delivery (2). The purpose of this study was to investigate how K-12 physical educators adapted and responded to the transition to distance learning during the Spring 2020 semester due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (N=226) were EC-12 physical education (PE) teachers and data were collected by an online survey towards the end of the Spring 2020 semester. Not surprisingly, teachers reported that they did not have any training in distance learning pedagogies before the pandemic, and most received training as their schools transitioned online. Overall, there was a desire for PE specific professional development related to online learning. Teachers used a variety of learning management systems, videos from the internet, and applications (i.e., Flipgrid and edpuzzle) in their distance learning courses. Eighty four percent of teachers claimed that health related fitness outcomes were the focus of the distance learning curriculum, which is consistent with the online physical education literature. While the shift in educational mode forced teachers to learn new skills and alter how they delivered content, additional supports will be needed to teach the breadth of PE content online
A Review and Analysis of Eviatar Zerubavel’s Social Mindscapes: An Invitation to Cognitive Sociology
Get PDFPsychologists believe the human experience is the same throughout all cultures and societies. However, where psychology ends, Zerubavel\u27s cognitive sociology steps in and further explains the actual disparity between all societies that psychology has failed to elaborate on. As there is a functionalist approach to division of labor, so is there a division of thought in modern society. These divisions are separated by perceiving (social optics), attending (the social gates of consciousness), classifying (the social division of the world), assigning meaning (social meanings), remembering (social memories), and reckoning time (standard time). In essence, according to Zurabavel, we are socialized into deterministic thinkers with no free will to think. We are left to only think what is socialized to be normal
My Postpartum Depression Consumed Self
Get PDFThis paper seeks to examine my personal experience of
motherhood as it relates to navigating through postpartum depression. Through the methodology of autoethnography, scenarios and encounters were analyzed to depict my marginalized position as a new mother in a traditional Hispanic family and in a contemporary white supremacist hetero- patriarchal society. The theoretical framework of deviance, in particular labeling theory, was used to introduce alternative frameworks to the traditional culture of motherhood. Key themes included cultural values seen as gendered scripts that dictate the place of women within the motherhood realm. discussion of what the dominant culture deems normal is utilized to demonstrate the conflicts that an individual may experience when internalizing stigma around resisting the traditional roles womanhood. marginalization and implicit acts of othering, condoned by those perpetuating hetero-patriarchal values exhibiting normalized ideals, exacerbate the subordination of those who do not fit in this idealized matrix of motherhood