California State University (CSU): Open Journal Systems
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    Grim Under a Compensation Variant

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    Games on graphs are a well studied subset of combinatorial games. When analyzing a game, heuristics and strategies for winning are often at the forefront of the discussion. One such combinatorial graph game that can be considered is Grim. In Grim there are winning strategies for a variety of well-known families of graphs, many of which favor the first player. Hoping to develop a fairer Grim, we look at Grim played under a slightly different rule set and develop winning strategies for this modified version of the game. Throughout, we compare our new results to those previously known and discuss whether our altered Grim is a fairer game than the original

    Understanding Indigenous Land Rights and Dispossession: The Legacy of the Doctrine of Discovery

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    The paper titled "Understanding Indigenous Land Rights and Dispossession: The Legacy of the Doctrine of Discovery" explores the historical and contemporary impacts of the Doctrine of Discovery on Indigenous land rights. Rooted in medieval European thought and later adopted by the United States, the Doctrine of Discovery provided legal justification for the acquisition of Indigenous lands and the displacement of Indigenous peoples. The paper discusses the legal frameworks, such as Johnson v. McIntosh, that institutionalized the doctrine, diminishing Indigenous sovereignty and property rights. It highlights the ongoing ramifications of the doctrine, with Indigenous communities facing continued legal and social challenges. The analysis of scholarly interpretations reveals a consistent theme of Indigenous dispossession and marginalization due to the doctrine, despite some historians arguing its effects are overstated. The essay traces the evolution of these scholarly views and examines the enduring influence of the Doctrine of Discovery on Indigenous land rights and sovereignty

    On Life and Death: The Intertwined Relationship Between History and Modernist English Literature

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    Virginia Woolf\u27s novel Mrs. Dalloway (1925) is used as an example of English Modernist prose to evaluate the ways in which the period\u27s historical context affected the literature that arose from the movement, particularly relating to themes of life and death, while recognizing the the literature itself influenced the history it created in turn

    Student or Token?

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    This essay examines the journey of a first-generation Vietnamese international student at a prestigious Western university, focusing on the challenges of navigating higher education without familial guidance. It highlights the tension between personal identity and institutional expectations, exploring the concepts of double consciousness (Du Bois, 1897) and the feeling of being a "fish out of water" (Bourdieu, 1997). The essay discusses the cultural shock, the adaptation process, and the resilience required to overcome these hurdles. By seeking support and building a community, the student experiences personal growth and gains a nuanced understanding of cultural dynamics, emphasizing the importance of maintaining authenticity amidst external pressures

    The Poet Porter

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    In pursuit of maintaining passion for life, Bowen Ray Gardner has spent several decades dabbling in formal education before discovering he was a first-generation student and struggled with working class realities and perspectives that made education unattainable and inconsequential for the vast majority of people in his day-to-day life. In three short poems that model the evolution of language and society in conjunction with the individual growth of someone who refuses one\u27s given place, Gardner offers a unique insight into the mind of those on the brink of exile lacking a foothold in society. Identifying as both educated and uneducated, he shares an emotional context of pursuing enigmatic goals coupled with disconnection from one\u27s family in the verse of a Nordic saga. Turning then to the form of a Shakespearian sonnet, Gardner critically analyzes the relationship between empowerment and valueless life. The piece concludes with a lyrical tribute to Jimi Hendrix acknowledging the uncertainty one feels adrift in an ambiguous expenditure of exertion and toil

    High-Impact Practices: Evaluating Impact on Adult Learners’ Retention

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    High-impact practices (HIPs) are expected to engage traditional and nontraditional student populations at different levels and types. As a result, student retention is expected to increase. At Utah Valley University (UVU), we developed a visualization dashboard to measure the impact of individual and collective HIPs on students\u27 persistence and retention using propensity score matching (PSM). This study\u27s findings describe HIPs\u27 effectiveness as a tool for supporting Adult Learners students\u27 retention and persistence. Compared to peers who did not participate in HIPs, Adult Learners students involved in HIPs were retained at higher rates

    Crosswalk

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    Common Ground

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    For the One Who Loves Lilacs

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    Separation

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