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Middle School Student’s Interest in Specific Physical Education Activities
No full textPhysical education teachers are often challenged with how to effectively motivate students to be more fully engaged in activities. Considering student preferences when developing a curriculum can better ensure that students of any demographic will participate to their fullest potential. Three hundred and seventeen middle school participants completed the Student Interest Survey selecting from a list of 56 physical activities to include in their PE curriculum. Responses were collected and frequencies for each of the activities were determined. Percentages were used to compare preferences by gender, grade level, and ethnicity. Males generally favored activities that emphasized competitiveness and team sports (i.e., soccer, basketball). Females generally preferred activities that were more individual (i.e., roller skating, archery). For grade levels, 7 of the 10 activities in the top 10 were similar across 6th, 7th, and 8th graders suggesting a general consistency of selected activities. Differences in preferences were also observed for ethnicity. Using a survey in PE allows educators to incorporate curriculum activities that are preferred by students, potentially promoting higher engagement and participation. This approach fosters a more inclusive and effective learning environment by accommodating diverse interests and may enhance overall student satisfaction with PE programs
Eugene Onegin and Russian Identity
Get PDFThis paper examines the Russian novel Eugene Onegin and the extent to which different themes of the book are reflective of a Russian identity crisis. Analyzing the book from a historical perspective, this essay shows how the author Alexander Pushkin cleverly drafted a novel demonstrative of this identity crisis and the influence of foreign works in Russia. 
Welcome
Get PDFWelcome to volume 15, issue 1 of The Toro Historical Review!
Congratulations to the authors:
Jasmin Aguilar, Efrain Contreras, Alexander Gonzalez, Michael Gonzalez, and Luis Murillo.
And a special thank you to our editorial team who has worked hard to bring this issue to fruition. Thank you!
This issue features five essays produced in upper-division history classes and represents remarkable achievements in undergraduate research, writing, and editing. Well done all!